The Stones Cry Out Part 1 & Part 2

Do you want to know how to prove the Zadok Calendar, the Enoch Calendar, and the Book of Jubilee Calendar false?

Do you want to know how the calendar issue became so confusing?

I got this awesome endorsement and I want to share it here now. with you.

In The Stones Cry Out, I walk you through the history of each change and why those changes came about, starting with the Maccabean days. Yes, it all began around 164 B.C. When Yehshua was here, he was dealing with two schools of thought. The Sadducees were all but wiped out when the Temple fell in 70 C.E. This left only the Pharisees, who began to be persecuted after the failure of the Bar Kochbah Revolt in 134 C.E.

The truth began to become out of focus around 160 C.E. when Rabbi Jose wrote the Seder Olam. This work originally was written to proof Simon Bar Kochbah was the Messiah. When that did not pan out the history was later revived and then redacted as the truth into the Mishneh Torah by Rabbi Judah ha Nasi in 180 C.E. After this the Jerusalem Talmud begins to debate these issues. It was then during this time as the Jerusalem Talmudist are forced to flee and the Babylonian Talmudist continue to grow until the 6th century that Hillel came up with a solution to help them keep the Holy Days at the proper time while they were out of the land of Israel. He did this in 358 C.E. This work was then modified and adjusted over the next 800 years with additions added and other rejected. Until it was finally redacted once again in 1177 by Rambam. And with that we now have the modern Hillel calendar which includes the errors passed on during each redaction. These errors included the time of the Sabbatical and Jubilee years.

Once the Temple was destroyed in 70 C.E., the Jews recorded time by counting from the time It was destroyed. This is why the 40 tombstones of Zoar, which record this information, are crucial to understand.

When you understand why the Postponement rules were first created so that the crescent moon would not be seen in another part of the world before it was seen in Israel then you can understand how they were still trying to follow the crescent moon to begin the month. The Tombstones show us this exact thing. The tombstones also show us when the Jews changed from a crescent moon to a Conjunction moon to begin the month. They also show us when the Jews changed the year from the month of Aviv to the Tishri to begin the year.

I really want you to understand these things so you know why you do what you do as far as following a calendar to keep Yehovah’s moedim.
Get your Free copies of The Stones Cry Out Part 1 and Part 2 here https://sightedmoon.com/the-stones-cry-out-lp/

And share this information with your FB friends and Bibles Study groups. If they don’t like it, it never cost them anything.

Get your copy today. If you want a paperback copy, I have them on Amazon for the least amount they would let me post them there. Order both of them and start to understand the history of how these changes affect those who follow Yehovah and keep His Feasts.

I would like to add this recent comment to encourage you all to get this book and learn these truths. And the Book is FREE. You have no reason not to get it.

Most people assume that Hillel created the calendar in 358 C.E. They then assume that because it was a Sanhedrin, they are not allowed to change in order to obey Yehovah. The Hillel calendar has been changed many times since 358 C.E. up until 1177 C.E. Few people talk about these changes but we do in our latest Book The Stones Cry Out Part 1 which is free on our website. The Hillel calendar was changed on many occasions and many sought to make other changes during this time. They never needed a Bet Din to approve those changes. They just did them. So this excuse that we do not have the right to obey Yehovah because the Bet Din has not approved it is a crock of crap.
You have the obligation to obey Yehovah. You have the duty to prove which calendar you are to go by. You must prove it beyond all doubt. Yehshua never followed the Hillel calendar. Nor did any of the Apostles.
The reason no man can know the day or the hour is because it refers to a crescent moon to begin the 7th month. That is the day He was born on and the day He comes to judge on. At a day and hour no one can know. Using the Hillel calendar predicts Yom Teruah years in advance so every one knows when to keep it. But even in the Hillel calendar they keep two days of Yom Teruah reckoning back to the sighted moon. Also in the postponement rules developed long after Hillel, they again state that if the conjunction is at a certain time then the day begins at such and such, in order that the moon will not be seen in another part of the world before it is seen in Israel. That was rule number 2.
Everyone has to choose. You have the right to be wrong. But if you choose to be wrong then you also must live with the consequences that come with sin. And that is the death penalty for not keeping the Holy Days, these Sabbath at the proper time. It is your choice.
Just because you write in to me to justify your position does mean it is right. It just means your sounding off.

Allow me to share this endorsement of our latest book again. If you have read our books, please share your thoughts about them with us in the comments below or email me.

And yes, many observe the Equinox.  There are many who are deceived, improperly educated.  And this is why Joe puts out a newsletter every week, why he writes books, why the SightedMoon Zoom Shabbat service started, why he travels to places like England and the Philippines to share this message and why were are going to the NRB in February.  The calendar is always a divisive issue in social circles because the details are many, that’s why there are so many books Joe has written.  I’m not looking to put Joe on a pedestal here.  This is not about Joe worship.  But Joe has tenaciously studied out the calendar from every angle, not to prove himself right, to to seek to find and share what Yehovah is telling us about His Calendar.

In The Stones Cry Out, Joe has shared the history of all the different groups within Israel, and the beliefs they had about the scriptures and the feast days and the calendar.  When you line it all up, you can see for yourself the how and why these misunderstandings and arguments about how and where and why  they came about.

This is my new favourite book and I’m only 60-70 pages in.  And I encourage you to read the footnotes in this one.  Sometimes there’s more footnote on the page than Joe’s words.

Sombra Wilson

When I wrote Stones Cry Out, I wanted it to be one of our FREE books so everyone would have it. It is more of an encyclopedia than a book to read. It will be your quick resource book; you will have access to every question about any calendar, how it got started, and who started it. You will also learn the history of how the Mishnah was assembled, when it was assembled and why. Then, you will learn how that information was transferred into both the Jerusalem and the Babylonian Talmud until it reached its final stage in the Mishneh Torah. Along with this progression, the calendar also progressed and changed long after 358 C.E. when Rabbi Hillel first published it. But…what was before the Hillel calendar? What does the Mishnah record about those things?

The Stones Cry Out was originally going to be one book explaining all the various proofs we have discovered, demonstrating when the Sabbatical and Jubilee years are throughout history.

You can know; it is not a mystery.

As I began to write The Stones Cry Out, I quickly found myself going back, time and time again, to explain how the calendar is behind the confusion of the Sabbatical and Jubilee years. The Rabbis, as they began to write the Mishnah, incorporated wrong understandings, and those errors were written into what became known as the Talmud and then the Mishneh Torah. The expulsion from the land and subsequent persecutions in trying to send out messengers to report the barley being found or the crescent moon being seen, proved to be more and more dangerous over time. All of these things took place over 14 centuries.

Then as I was working on The Stones Cry Out, I discovered that many people were now accepting the Zadok calendar as factual. This is when we pivoted to include all the details of the various calendars that have crept back into public knowledge today and are being used to mislead new people who are just starting to learn about the calendar. All of this was directly connected to the period starting with the Hasmonaeans, up to the destruction of the Temple. Then, with the compiling of the Mishnah, the studies that led into the writing of the Jerusalem Talmud, then the Babylonian Talmud and finally the Mishneh Torah, each error that was added is compounded over time.

The Stones Cry Out, Part 1 explains the history of how each compilation of the Oral Torah incorporated errors, leading the followers thereof away from the actual Torah. In understanding these facts, it is then possible to understand more readily how the Sabbatical and Jubilee years were then mixed and later changed. By explaining all this history, I will be able to help you the reader understand the tombstones when most authorities do not. They have assumed, to their error, the Hillel calendar to have always been in use since Mount Sinai. Not understanding the history of the calendars is why most authorities dismiss the tombstones as too confusing to use. Once you understand The Stones Cry Out Part 1, Part 2 will be very easy to grasp.

Daniel 7:25 tells us he will change the appointed seasons and commandments. Many assume Constantine did this when he made Sunday the Sabbath. Few have considered the calendar’s many changes and how they relate to us today. Hidden in this proverbial swamp of confusion is the truth about the Sabbatical and Jubilee years. The Sabbatical and Jubilee years reveal the truths about the calendar that have been hidden for almost 2000 years.

We are in the very last days and Yehshua warned us that during this time:

Mat 24:10 And then many will be offended, and will betray one another, and will hate one another.

Mat 24:11 And many false prophets will rise and deceive many.

Mat 24:12 And because iniquity shall abound, the love of many will become cold.

Mat 24:13 But he who endures to the end, the same shall be kept safe.

Paul also warned Timothy about these last days, warning that some would leave the truth and begin to follow demonic teachers:

1Ti 4:1 But the Spirit expressly says that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits and teachings of demons,

Paul again warned the Thessalonians that the Great Falling away would take place in the last days. How can you fall away if you have never come to know the truth? So who is Paul talking to? Those who are called and answer that calling begin to walk this road of restoration back to Yehovah, and then at some point along that walk, they change and leave this walk following the teachings of demons to false calendar.

2Th 2:1 Now we beseech you, my brothers, with regard to the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ and our gathering together to Him,

2Th 2:2 that you should not be soon shaken in mind or troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word or letter, as through us, as if the Day of Christ is at hand.

2Th 2:3 Let not anyone deceive you by any means. For that Day shall not come unless there first comes a falling away, and the man of sin shall be revealed, the son of perdition,

2Th 2:4 who opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God, or that is worshiped, so that he sits as God in the temple of God, setting himself forth, that he is God.

We must endure until the end. We must not let ourselves become offended by personalities and leave the faith once given.

I want you all to have access to and the ability to read this book and use it as a reference. https://sightedmoon.com/the-stones-cry-out-lp/ Click on the link fill in the form and you will have access to the FREE PDF anywhere in the world. If you want a copy you can hold in your hands we have published it at Amazon for the lowest price they would allow us. Order you copy after Shabbat and begin to read it today.

It Was A Riddle Not A Command

Listen to this Podcast discussing one of Joseph’s most popular books.

You Can Learn the Secret Meaning of:

No One Knows the Day of the Hour

 Why does no One Know When Jesus was born?

When Does the Thief in the Night Come?

Why Are the Foolish Virgins Rejected?

No One Knows The Day or The Hour is a Hebrew idiom or parable.

Jesus spoke in parables to conceal His message which He later explained to the Apostles.

No One Knows The Day or the Hour is telling you the very day He will come back on! 

The exact opposite to what you thought it said!

This is the very same day when He first came.

The Book of Revelation Tells you the very day and hour He was born.

You are given clues in Revelation about the thief that comes in the night, about being caught naked and ashamed. All of these clues tell you about the very day He is coming back.

Paul wrote to the Thessalonians telling them they had no need to write them about the Day of the Lord

FOR THEY KNEW FULL WELL THE MOEDIM!!!

Knowing the Moedim shows you the Day and Hour No Man Can Know.

We are also told about the Two Witnesses in the Book of Revelation…
What revelations do the Two Witnesses show you about the birth of Jesus?

There was a heavenly Host praising God when Jesus was born.
This, too, tells you the Day He was born.

Are you aware that the 5 Foolish Virgins did not understand what the Thief in the Night was?
Do You?

All these questions and so much more are explained in detail.
It was a Riddle for us to figure out.
It was not a command that we could not know.
We can KNOW.
YOU Can Know!

Thoroughly researched and profoundly significant!

5.0 out of 5 stars

There just isn’t a better book on Christian prophecy than this! What an eye opener!

Of the many books and articles that I have read on prophecy in my personal search for truth, this is the only one that does not rely on old ideas that were developed hundreds of years ago when knowledge was minimal. So much more has been learned through historical and archeological research. The world has changed so much that before now no one could have clearly envisioned how prophecy might play out.

I think the average Christian doesn’t realize that recent developments in technology and huge increases in knowledge offer us a unique opportunity to raise the veil so that we might see clearly what was once hidden behind a dark glass.

After learning about these things and seriously considering the Bible, with a willingness to set aside my traditional beliefs about prophecy, I have come to the conclusion that this book is inspired by God. Mr. Dumond presents compelling information that overturns long held assumptions and unverified beliefs making the entire body of prophetic knowledge fully accessible. As a matter of fact I think that just about anyone with no previous knowledge of the Bible would understand things that scholars have devoted their lives to explaining.

I would like everyone to know what is being shown in the pages of this book. No serious truth seeker should pass up the opportunity to have their eyes opened through its revelations. I believe it is the most important book ever written,- next to the Bible itself.

Thank you Joseph Dumond.

Amazon Customer: Ross Boraan

Order your copy Today!

New Moon Sighting

You and your family can go out on Sunday evening at sunset and look for the crescent moon. Make it a challenge to see who will see it first, and then when you do, take a picture and post it to our Mishpachah group. By doing this simple task, you will be practicing to become watchmen and or witnesses searching for the first crescent of the new moon.

Join Our Sabbath Meetings

There are many people in need of fellowship and who are sitting at home on the Sabbath with no one to talk to or debate with. I want to encourage all of you to join us on Shabbat, and to invite others to come and join us as well. If the time is not convenient then you can listen to the teaching and the midrash after on our YouTube channel.

What are we doing and why do we teach this way?

We are going to discuss both sides of an issue and then let you choose. It is the work of the Ruach (Spirit) to direct and to teach you.

The medieval commentator Rashi wrote that the Hebrew word for wrestle (avek) implies that Jacob was “tied”, for the same word is used to describe knotted fringes in a Jewish prayer shawl, the tzitzityot. Rashi says, “thus is the manner of two people who struggle to overthrow each other, that one embraces the other and knots him with his arms”.

Our intellectual wrestling has been replaced by a different kind of struggle. We are wrestling with Yehovah as we grapple with His Word. It is an intimate act, symbolizing a relationship in which Yehovah and you and I are bound together. My wrestling is a struggle to discover what Yehovah expects of us, and we are “tied” to the One who assists us in that struggle.

Today, many say Israel means “Champion of God”, or better — the “Wrestler of God”.

Our Torah sessions each Shabbat teaches you and encourages you to constantly challenge, question, argue against, as well as view alternative views and explanations of the Word. In other words, we are to “wrestle with the Word” to get to the truth. Jews worldwide believe that you need to wrestle with the Word and constantly challenge Dogma, Theology, and views or else you will never get to the Truth.

We are not like most churches where “The preacher talks and everyone listens.” We encourage everyone to participate, to question and to contribute what they know on the subject being discussed. We want you to be a champion wrestler of the Word of Yehovah. We want you to wear the title of Israel, knowing that you not only know but are capable of explaining why you know the Torah to be true with logic and facts.

We have a few rules though. Let others talk and listen. There is no discussion about UFO’s, Nephilim, Vaccines or conspiracy-type subjects. We have people from around the world with different world views. Not everyone cares who is the President of any particular country. Treat each other with respect as fellow wrestlers of the word. Some of our subjects are hard to understand and require you to be mature and if you do not know, then listen to gain knowledge and understanding and hopefully wisdom. The very things you are commanded to ask Yehovah for and He gives to those who ask.

Jas 1:5  But if any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and with no reproach, and it shall be given to him.

We hope you can invite those who want to keep Torah to come and join us by hitting the link below. It is almost like a Torah teaching fellowship talk show with people from around the world taking part and sharing their insights and understandings.

We start off with some music and then some prayers and it’s as though you were sitting around the kitchen back in Newfoundland having a cup of coffee and all of us enjoying each other’s company. I hope you will grace us with your company someday.

Sabbath services begin at 12:30 PM EDT where we will be doing prayers, songs and teaching from this hour.

Shabbat midrash will begin at about 1:15 pm Eastern.

We look forward to you joining our family and getting to know us as we get to know you.

Joseph Dumond is inviting you to a scheduled Zoom meeting.
Topic: Joseph Dumond’s Personal Meeting Room

Join Zoom Meeting

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The Hunters and the Fishers

The Hunters Cometh!

I first published this article in 2010 and then again in 2013. With recent events taking place during this Festival of Lights around the world, it is time to bring it all to your attention once again.

News Letter 5845-059
5th day of the Twelfth month 5845 years after creation
The Twelfth Month in the Sabbatical Year
The Second Sabbatical Year of the 119th Jubilee Cycle

February 20, 2010

News Letter 5849-025
24th day of the 5th month 5849 years after the creation of Adam
The 5th Month in the Fourth year of the third Sabbatical Cycle
The Third Sabbatical Cycle of the 119th Jubilee Cycle
The Sabbatical Cycle of Earthquakes Famines, and Pestilences

August 3, 2013 (Updated December 2025)

Jeremiah 16:16
“Behold, I will send for many fishermen,” says Jehovah, “and they shall fish them; and afterward I will send for many hunters, and they shall hunt them from every mountain and from every hill, and out of the holes of the rocks.”

Beginning around 2014, the hunters began flooding into Europe and the Western world in unprecedented numbers—millions arriving under the banner of migration. By 2025, they have arrived in force. What was once framed as a humanitarian movement has increasingly revealed itself as a relentless pursuit: fear, violence, intimidation, and open calls to spread jihad worldwide. Jews and Christians are targeted with growing boldness, while host nations’ laws are ignored with impunity.

This is not rhetoric. It is a documented reality.

Gatestone Institute reported on Dec 17, 2025:

Israel’s Mossad intelligence agency publicly revealed in November 2025 that it had helped European countries expose a Hamas terrorist infrastructure “in the heart of Europe” – including weapons caches and plans to hit Jewish and Israeli targets – it simply confirmed what intelligence professionals have warned since October 7, 2023: The war in the Gaza Strip is no longer local. It has been exported, operationally, to European soil.

Yes, the hunters are now here, and they are Muslims. This is not Islamophobia speaking out. These are all facts everyone sees, and few dare to speak out about. It is a multifaceted war being waged, and the West, we, have no clue we are already at war.

This pattern of hunting extends beyond direct violence. In the UK, grooming gangs—predominantly Pakistani Muslim men—systematically raped and trafficked thousands of young British girls for decades, with reports like Rotherham (2014) exposing over 1,400 victims groomed, abused, and treated as “sex slaves” while authorities feared “racism” accusations. Sweden’s rape statistics have skyrocketed since the 2014-2015 migrant influx (many Syrian), with reported rapes rising over 50% and Sweden topping European per-capita rates by the 2020s—often linked to cultural clashes and no-go zones. Germany’s New Year’s Eve 2015/2016 in Cologne saw over 1,200 women sexually assaulted by groups of North African and Middle Eastern migrants, with hundreds of rapes reported amid chaos.

The refugee crisis that began surging in 2015 continues unabated, flooding Europe and the UK with migrants, many from conflict zones where jihadist ideologies thrive. In the UK, the government has housed thousands in hotels at taxpayer expense, straining resources while reports of crime and cultural clashes rise in communities overwhelmed by the influx. Across the EU, thousands still cross the Mediterranean each year in overcrowded boats, with 2025 seeing continued arrivals despite patrols—framed by some as humanitarian aid, but resembling an ongoing invasion that alters demographics and challenges national identities, fulfilling the prophetic pattern of hunters encroaching on Israelite lands.

As Dr. Casey Babb, a terrorism expert with 20 years of study, recently observed: “The West is under attack – full stop.”

During the first three days of Hanukkah 2025 alone, Jews faced targeted assaults worldwide: A jihadi father-son duo murdered Jews in Australia, wounding many.

Students at Brown University were killed in a classroom led by Jewish professor Rachel Friedberg.

A Jewish nuclear physics professor at M.I.T. was murdered in his home.

Orthodox Jews were assaulted on the New York subway.

Violent protesters disrupted a Hanukkah celebration in Amsterdam.

A Jewish family’s California home was shot at over Hanukkah decorations, with shouts of “Free Palestine.”

Additionally, foiled Islamist attacks targeted Christmas markets in Poland and Germany, a Palestinian plot in California, and heightened threats led France to cancel New Year’s celebrations while Canada warned of “realistic” terrorist risks.

Islam manifests as the four horsemen of Revelation 6 (MKJV): The white horse (6:2) conquers through deceptive “peace” and migration; the red horse (6:4) takes peace with sword and terror; the black horse (6:5-6) brings famine via economic control; the pale horse (6:8) embodies death through beheadings and terror.

UNRWA and Palestinian propaganda exemplify this: UNRWA staff were implicated in the October 7 attacks, yet spread false claims like “40 beheaded babies” (debunked but amplified globally) or exaggerated Gaza casualty figures, which Western media parroted without verification, casting truth to the ground while advancing Islamist narratives.

This pattern of hunting extends beyond direct violence, amplified by lies that cast truth to the ground. UNRWA and Palestinian propaganda have spread false claims of “genocide” and engineered “famine” in Gaza, with headlines screaming mass starvation and systematic extermination—accusations echoed by UN officials and mass media outlets worldwide. Yet weeks or months later, retractions appeared quietly on back pages: No evidence of deliberate famine (aid deliveries continued, though hampered by war), inflated casualty figures debunked, and hospital “bombings” proven as misfired rockets. This deliberate deception and flat-out lies succeed as Daniel 8 warns:

Dan 8:12  And an army was given to him against the daily sacrifice because of transgression, and it cast the truth to the ground. And it worked and succeeded.

This false propaganda that even the “Brethren” have believed and spread is enabling global condemnation of Israel, while the hunters operate with impunity.

The hunters are here dramatically—flooding Europe as “refugees” since 2014, embedding in the West, grooming, raping, and striking with terror from October 7’s massacre to Bondi’s Hanukkah slaughter. How many of you, the brethren, supported—and are still supporting—those fishermen who came with patient warnings? Ministries like A Rood Awakening have recently announced downsizing, closing the large studio facility to redirect resources digitally amid rising costs and shifting times. The fishermen—messengers warning of Yehshua’s coming and Torah obedience—are getting ready to leave, their message rejected by most. When they’re gone, what will those who ignored them do? With no one left to teach truth amid all the deception, they’ll face the hunters alone, begging for rescue but finding silence until repentance as we are told in Deuteronomy 30, which we must do while in captivity. You had your chance to obey when you had your freedom. Now you will have to find a way to obey while in this coming captivity.

Deu 30:1  And it shall be when all these things have come on you, the blessing and the curse which I have set before you, and when you shall call them to mind among all the nations where Jehovah your God has driven you,

Deu 30:2  and shall return to Jehovah your God and shall obey His voice according to all that I command you today, you and your sons, with all your heart, and with all your soul,

Deu 30:3  then Jehovah your God will turn your captivity. And He will have compassion on you, and will return and gather you from all the nations where Jehovah your God has scattered you.

As sightedmoon.com has long taught, this intensifies in the “Years of Awe,” which we began in 2024 and is leading to restoration. A Lion Rises Up – The Coming of Apollyon details the current Beast, Apollyon’s release, and the accompanying judgments that are coming on us like a freight train that cannot stop. The book is nearing completion—add your name to the wait-list at sightedmoon.com to understand what’s unfolding. The lion has risen; the hunters are now here, and more are on the move. Repent while the fishermen still call.

“New Year’s Day, Where does it come from?”

And he shall seek to change times and laws

Dan 7:25 And he shall speak words against the Most High, and shall wear out the saints of the Most High, and plot to change times and laws. And they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and one-half time.

New Years. Where did this notion come from? How is it tied to Christmas? Why do we do this celebration and not know anything about it?

It all started after 2181 B.C. That was the year of the Great Flood of Noah. I am not going to get to the exact year, but it would be one or two generations after the flood that we get this New Year celebration. Let me now explain that.

Noah had three sons.

Gen 5:32 And Noah was five hundred years old. And Noah fathered Shem, Ham, and Japheth.

Two years after the flood, Shem had Arpachshad.

 Gen 11:10 These are the generations of Shem. Shem was a hundred years old and fathered Arpachshad two years after the flood.

Also, after the flood, Ham had the following sons.

Gen 10:6 And the sons of Ham: Cush and Mizraim and Phut and Canaan. 7 And the sons of Cush: Seba and Havilah and Sabtah and Raamah and Sabtecha. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan. 8 And Cush fathered Nimrod. He began to be a mighty one in the earth. 9 He was a mighty hunter before Jehovah. Therefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before Jehovah.

Everything seems to be going okay. These sons would have come along and then grown up to have their own sons. I am speculating that all of this took place within 100 years after the flood. So, say by 2081 B.C. Again, I am just guessing approximately when these things took place.

But now, the narration goes back to explain something. It mentions explicitly Canaan and that Ham is his father. Why does it do this? It does not mention any of Shem’s or Japheth’s sons like this. Nor does it single out Ham’s other sons. Why does Yehovah shine the light on Canaan?

In Chapter 10, we have Canaan being the 4th child after Cush, Mizraim, and Phut. Now, read what we are told in Genesis 9.

Gen 9:18 And the sons of Noah that went out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. And Ham is the father of Canaan. 19 These are the three sons of Noah, and the whole earth was overspread from them. 20 And Noah began to be a husbandman. And he planted a vineyard. 21 And he drank of the wine and was drunk. And he was uncovered inside his tent. 22 And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brothers outside. 23 And Shem and Japheth took a garment and laid it upon both their shoulders. And they went backwards and covered the nakedness of their father. And their faces were backwards, and they did not see their father’s nakedness. 24 And Noah awoke from his wine, and came to know what his younger son had done to him. 25 And he said, Cursed be Canaan. He shall be a servant of servants to his brothers. 26 And he said, Blessed be Jehovah, the God of Shem, and Canaan shall be his servant.

In verse 21, we read that Noah was uncovered, and then in verse 24, that Ham had done this to Noah. To understand what is going on here, we must look at this word and where it is used to get the meaning behind the scene.

H6172     ervah   er-vaw‘

From H6168; nudity, literally (especially the pudenda) or figuratively (disgrace, blemish): – nakedness, shame, unclean (-ness).

The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines “pudenda” as

Full Definition of pudendum 

plural pu·den·daplay-d?

:  the external genital organs of a human being and especially of a woman —usually used in plural

Origin of pudendum

New Latin, singular of Latin pudenda, from neuter plural of pudendus, gerundive of pud?re to be ashamed

When a woman is raped, she feels shame for having her pudenda violated or uncovered by that man.

Brown Driver Brigg’s defines the word as this:

H6172      ervah

BDB Definition:

1) nakedness, nudity, shame, pudenda

1a) pudenda (implying shameful exposure)

1b) nakedness of a thing, indecency, improper behaviour

1c) exposed, undefended (figuratively)

 

H6172      ervah

Total KJV Occurrences: 54

nakedness, 51

Gen_9:22-23 (3), Gen_42:9, Gen_42:12, Exo_20:26, Exo_28:42, Lev_18:6-19 (24), Lev_20:11, Lev_20:17-21 (7), 1Sa_20:30, Isa_47:3, Eze_16:8 (2), Eze_16:36-37 (3), Eze_23:10 (2), Eze_23:18, Eze_23:29, Hos_2:9

shame, 1

Isa_20:4

unclean, 1

Deu_23:14

uncleanness, 1

Deu_24:1

Of this list, above are the following verses that are relevant.

Lev 18:6 None of you shall approach to any who are near of kin to him, to uncover their nakedness. I am Jehovah. 7 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father or the nakedness of your mother. She is your mother; you shall not uncover her nakedness. 8 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife. It is your father’s nakedness. 9 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your sister, the daughter of your father or the daughter of your mother, born at home or born away. Their nakedness you shall not uncover. 10 The nakedness of your son’s daughter, or of your daughter’s daughter, you shall not uncover their nakedness. For theirs is your own nakedness. 11 You shall not uncover the nakedness of the daughter of your father’s wife, begotten of your father. She is your sister. 12 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s sister. She is your father’s near kinswoman. 13 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister. For she is your mother’s near kinswoman. 14 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s brother. You shall not approach his wife. She is your aunt. 15 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your daughter-in-law. She is your son’s wife. You shall not uncover her nakedness. 16 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your brother’s wife. It is your brother’s nakedness. 17 You shall not uncover the nakedness of a woman and her daughter, neither shall you undertake to uncover her son’s daughter, or her daughter’s daughter. They are her near kinswomen; it is wickedness. 18 And you shall not take a wife to her sister, to vex her, to uncover her nakedness, beside the other in her life. 19 Also you shall not approach to a woman to uncover her nakedness in the impurity of her uncleanness. 20 And you shall not lie carnally with your neighbor’s wife, to defile yourself with her.

Lev 20:11 And the man who lies with his father’s wife has uncovered his father’s nakedness. Both of them shall surely be put to death. Their blood shall be on them.

Lev 20:17 And if a man shall take his sister, his father’s daughter, or his mother’s daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness, it is a wicked thing. And they shall be cut off in the sight of their people. He has uncovered his sister’s nakedness; he shall bear his iniquity. 18 And if a man shall lie with a menstruous woman, and shall uncover her nakedness, he has discovered her fountain, and she has uncovered the fountain of her blood. And both of them shall be cut off from among their people. 19 And you shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister, nor of your father’s sister. For he uncovers his near kin. They shall bear their iniquity. 20 And if a man shall lie with his uncle’s wife, he has uncovered his uncle’s nakedness. They shall bear their sin. They shall die childless. 21 And if a man shall take his brother’s wife, it is an unclean thing. He has uncovered his brother’s nakedness; they shall be childless. 22 You shall therefore keep all My statutes and all My judgments, and do them, so that the land where I bring you to live shall not spit you out. 23 And you shall not walk in the ways of the nation which I cast out before you. For they committed all these things, and therefore I loathed them.

So each time a man goes into a woman, he is, in fact, uncovering her pudendum

Now, let us look at the word 6168 Arah. The passages we are interested in are already quoted above, but I share where this word is used and how it was translated also.

H6168     arah   aw-raw’

A primitive root; to be (causatively make) bare; hence to empty, pour out, demolish: – leave destitute, discover, empty, make naked, pour (out), rase, spread self, uncover.

H6168     arah

Total KJV Occurrences: 16

emptied, 2

Gen_24:20, 2Ch_24:11

poured, 2

Isa_32:15, Isa_53:12

raze, 2

Psa_137:7 (2)

destitute, 1

Psa_141:7-8 (2)

discover, 1

Isa_3:17

discovered, 1

Lev_20:17-18 (2)

discovering, 1

Hab_3:13

leave, 1

Psa_141:8

naked, 1

Lam_4:21

spreading, 1

Psa_37:35

uncover, 1

Zep_2:14

uncovered, 1

Isa_22:6

uncovereth, 1

Lev_20:19

One of the things I also do, to see if there are other words to help me understand, is to go to each of the words between 6168 and 6172 and see what they mean. You can do the same.

From all of this, we have, or I have, concluded that Ham went to his mother, the wife of Noah, and had sex with her. As a result, she gave birth to Canaan. But after much further study, I conclude that Ham’s mother was the aggressor here and seduced Ham, and later Cush, and still later Nimrod, her great-grandson.

Gen 9:21 And he drank of the wine and was drunk. And he was uncovered inside his tent. 22 And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brothers outside.

Lev 18:7 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father or the nakedness of your mother. She is your mother; you shall not uncover her nakedness.

Lev 18:8 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife. It is your father’s nakedness.

It is for this reason of Noah’s wife, the mother of Shem, Japheth, and Ham, being pregnant with the child of Ham that Noah cursed the child Canaan, a bastard child. And for this exact reason, Noah never had any more children with his harlot of a wife. And also for this same reason, we are never told the name of Noah’s wife. And yet, to this day, Noah’s wife is worshiped by the entire world.

Deu 27:20  Cursed is he who lies with his father’s wife, because he uncovers his father’s skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen.

Keep in mind in all that we are now discussing that we are talking about New Year’s celebrations and Father Time.

In Deuteronomy we have a couple more verses to add to those we already have mentioned above. These will have more weight in a few moments.

Deu 23:1 He who is wounded, crushed, or who has his male member cut off, shall not enter into the congregation of Jehovah.

Deu 23:2 A bastard shall not enter into the congregation of Jehovah. Even to his tenth generation he shall not enter into the congregation of Jehovah.

The phallus is the male penis and is represented in phallic architecture as such, all the way back to ancient Egypt and Babylon. Even the Washington Monument represents the male phallus. It is the symbol of strength and vigor. It represents power.

I am showing you these things in order that you might understand the whole story.

Ouranos in ancient mythology was Ham

&

Chronus or Kronos in ancient mythology is known to be Cush.

When Ouranos AKA Ham went into his mother, Ham was, in fact, usurping the authority of his father Noah.

Ouranos (Ham) was the first ruler of the universe, created by Gaea (Noah’s wife and mother of Ham) when she emerged from Chaos. (the Great Flood) Ouranos, with Gaea, became the father of the Titans.

Ham, the third son of Noah, was the father of Cush, and his name comes from the Chaldean “khem,” which means the “burnt one” or the “burning one” and is in reference, not only to Ham as the son of Noah, the father of Cush, but also as the name of their Sun-god.

From Pompei, we have this image of Mercury the messenger of the gods. It is Cush the burnt one strutting his Penus signifying his power. This too is from where we get the giant symbols of the Phallus from. Once again take note of the battle ax also known as the hammer. We explained the hammer of Vulcan which is Cush in our series on Assyria. Mercury is also a lover of Venus when he is known as Vulcan.

This means that Cush (Mercury, Vulcan) the grandson of Noah’s wife was also having sex with Noah’s wife.

Cush is derived from the Hebrew “kvsh” and is Chaldean in origin. It comes from the word “khus,” which in pronunciation is “kha wos.” It is where we get the word chaos. This was the name of the first father of the gods, “Khaos,” the Confounder, he who caused the confusion of tongues and scattered the inhabitants of the once united Earth abroad. Under the name Belus, which is another Chaldean word meaning “the Confounder,” he is said to be the father of Ninus, the first king of Babylon.

Perhaps in resentment for the harshness God had shown towards his father when He cursed Ham’s youngest son Canaan, perhaps in sympathy for his youngest brother, or perhaps in the same corrupt desire to be like God that Satan had, by the time his son Nimrod was born, Cush had developed a plan by which the suffocating religion of his righteous uncle could be replaced by his own.

Nimrod was the great-grandson of Noah and a contemporary with Eber, the great-grandson of Shem. Nimrod comes from the Chaldean words “nimr”: leopard, and “rad”: to subdue. Nimrod was famous for his exploits as a mighty hunter. Most Hebrew names in the Bible are based on puns and the name Nimrod is very similar in pronunciation to a compound Hebrew word, “niyn”: progeny and “marad”: be rebellious, rebel. The word carries with it the meaning of breaking a covenant with someone, whether man or God. So, Nimrod the Mighty Hunter (the Hunter of Men’s Souls) becomes Nimrod the Rebellious One, or the Son of Rebellion. Cush would carefully nurture his Son of Rebellion in this new religion, and thereby rule the world through him. Cush, declaring himself a prophet of “the Only One,” and assuming the name Hermes, became the interpreter of the gods. Hermes is a compound word created from the Egyptian “her,” which in Chaldean means the “burnt one,” therefore it is synonymous with Ham. This is also the derivative from which the name Horus originates and connects him with both the Babylonian and Egyptian Sun-god. The second half of the word Hermes comes from the word “Mesheh,” (Moses) which means to draw forth, to extract, to give birth. Therefore, Hermes means the child of Ham or the son of Ham. This can be seen in the Pharaoh’s names Rameses and Thothmes which mean “son of Ra” and “son of Thoth.”

In direct violation of the Commandments of God, Cush persuaded the people to establish one place where they could all dwell together to worship their god, and there to build a great tower to better observe the messages of their god written in the stars.

Kronos is also known in history as Father Time.  And the New Year baby is none other than Nimrod who usurped Cush as we are told in mythology. Over centuries, Nimrod would also come to be known as Kronos in Greek mythology.

But also in Greek Mythology, you will find that Ouranos was known as Uranus. He was the first son of Gaia (the Earth), and he also became her husband.

Ouranos was the first ruler of the universe, created by Gaea when she emerged from Chaos. Ouranos, with Gaea, became the father of the Titans, the Cyclopes and the Hecatoncheires (hundred-handed ones).

Ouranos, Ham, usurped the authority of Noah by going into his mother. Over time Ouranos and Cush would go to war. Cush was not going to take authority from Ham and become the supreme leader of the Titans.

Ouranos was afraid that some of his children would rebel against him, so he imprisoned them within Gaea’s Earth womb. Kronos, the youngest of the Titans, freed his siblings by castrating his father. Ouranos’ blood gave birth to the Furies, and Aphrodite was born of the discarded member when it fell into the foaming sea.

In this painting, we have Ouranos also known as Uranus being castrated by Saturn also known as Kronos. Notice the sickle being used. Remember how the male penis is a symbol of power and authority. Cush, Kronus has just removed the power and authority from Ham his father. He has also taken Hams’s wife, who was Noah’s wife and usurped his authority by going into her. Mercury is with Venus now.

Notice the terminology here, as this is important to understand. Ouranos, also known as Uranos and also known as Ham married his mother and had children. Gaia was the mother of Ham, known as Ouranos and was also his wife. Yet this woman Gaia was said to be “the Mother of All Living.” Think about that. Who, exactly, is “the Mother of All Living?”

“The Mother of All Living” is Noah’s wife. Gaea is the creator of Ouranos (the Ruler of the Universe) and this Gaea emerged from chaos. The chaos was the Flood and Gaea is “the Mother of All Living.” In other words, the only one to emerge from the chaos of the Flood and come forth as the mother of all that was alive and all to come thereafter was Noah’s wife. Then, the Earth (Gaea) and the light (Ouranos) become both father and mother.

This leader of the Titan, Ouranos Ham, warred with his son Cush, also known as Saturn and Kronos, who defeated Ham castrated him and took authority removing the phallus symbol of power.

You all know Cush is the father of Nimrod.

So when you see the picture to the right, you should recognize the people in it by the symbols they carry.

Kronos is where we get our modern word Chronology from.

Kronos is also known as Saturn, and it is during this time of year known as the “Saturnalia” that the world commemorates his memory in the keeping of Christmas.

Here is what wikipedia says about Kronos with my notes.

Chronos (Greek: , “time,” also transliterated as Khronos or Latinised as Chronus) is the Personification of Time.

 

Chronos is a god, serpentine shape in form, with three heads—those of a man, a bull, and a lion. Chronos and his daughter and consort called, serpentine Ananke (Inevitability), circled the primal world egg in their coils and split it apart to form the ordered universe of earth, sea and sky.

(Each of the three heads represents the three boys of Noah. Ham, Japheth, and Shem came out of the ark, which is represented as a giant egg because of its shape. The Bull would represent the governing system set up by Ham. The Lion, the system set up by Shem and the Man, the system set up by Japheth.)

Chronos was confused with, or perhaps consciously identified with, due to the similarity in name, the Titan Cronus already in antiquity, the identification becoming more widespread during the Renaissance, giving rise to the allegory of “Father Time” wielding the harvesting scythe.

Chronos is usually portrayed through an old, wise man with a long, grey beard, similar to Father Time. Some of the current English words whose etymological root is khronos/chronos include chronology, chronometer, chronic, anachronism and chronicle.

It is in celebration of the Saturnalia that they used to pass their children through the fire to Molech which we talked to you about a few weeks ago. The children were murdered in worship to Saturn, to Molech which as we have shown you was also known as Kronos, the Father of time. Kronos is also known as the Grim Reaper when your time is up.

This year and each year that you go out to celebrate and welcome the coming of the New Year and bid farewell to the old year, you are upholding a tradition that goes back about 4,000 years to the usurping of authority first from Noah to Ham by Ham having sex with Noah’s wife and Hams mother. You are celebrating the castration of Ham by Cush and the end of the war they had with each other and Cush taking the authority to rule from Ham. You are celebrating the end of Cush’s reign and the beginning of Nimrod’s reign over men. Nimrod was, after all, a hunter of men.

Your bible tells you when the year begins. I know you already know this, but let me just share this last little bit before I close.

This week we are about to watch the entire world say goodbye to the old year, and get drunk and drive, and let loose of any inhibitions. But in case some of you did not know Yehovah himself tells us when the New Year is.

Exodus 12: 1 And Yehovah spoke to Mosheh and to Aharon in the land of Mitsrayim, saying, 2 “This month is the beginning of months for you, it is the first month of the year for you. 3 “Speak to all the congregation of Yisra’l, saying, ‘On the tenth day of this month each one of them is to take for himself a lamb, according to the house of his father, a lamb for a household. 4 ‘And if the household is too small for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next to his house take it according to the number of the beings, according to each man’s need you make your count for the lamb. 5 ‘Let the lamb be a perfect one, a year old male. Take it from the sheep or from the goats. 6 ‘And you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month. Then all the assembly of the congregation of Yisra’el shall kill it between the evenings. 7 ‘And they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel of the houses where they eat it. 8 ‘And they shall eat the flesh on that night, roasted in fire – with unleavened bread and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

The New Year begins the exact same month that Passover is. You have just read it, and yet much of the world is not keeping it now. Some will try to tell you that the New Year is in the fall at the Feast of Trumpets which is on the first day of the Seventh month. Another false teaching.

Okay, for those of you who are mathematically challenged, please go and get a three-year-old girl. I want you to ask her if the first month is number one or not. Then I want you to ask her what number is the Seventh Month? Is the Seventh Month the first month? Huh???? The three-year-old will give you to the truth, even though many adults will still try to lie and justify all the screwed up behaviour they do, in order to justify them not having to change and conform to the Torah!

The Month of December is Latin for the 10th month. November is Latin for the 9th month, October is Latin for the 8th month, and September is Latin for the 7th month. So January used to be the 11th month and February used to be the 12th month. These very Latin names still preserve which months are which at least during these months mentioned. The Bible also calls them the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th months. There is sometimes a 13th month depending on special situations, but this would make the first month in March or April depending on whether or not there is a 13th month. This is when Passover is just as we are told in Exodus.

The year used to begin on special dates during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire known as the consular year, which began on the day when consuls first entered office — probably 1 May before 222 BC, 15 March from 222 BC to 154 BC, but this event was moved to 1 January in 153 BC. In 45 BC, Julius Caesar introduced the Julian calendar, continuing to use 1 January as the first day of the new year.

Yehovah says the first month is when Passover is in the spring. So then what is the whole world celebrating now? They celebrating the corrupt events that both Ham and Cush created through their warring actions with each other and then with Noah’s wife. Are you going to be a part of this chaos?

The Hammer of Thor which Breaks in Pieces-The Swastika

The Hammer of Thor which Breaks in Pieces-The Swastika

Republished from 2008/03/08

Shabbat Shalom Brethren,
Recapping once again we have learned that the King of the South is Egypt, Libya and Ethiopia. They began with and came out of Nimrod’s government at that time. We next learned that the King of the North also started with and came out from Nimrod’s government.
We then followed the King of the North as he changed governments and ended up in Europe. This we did by reading Daniel and history as told to us by an Angel. We then looked at the woman that rides the beast, and learned she was a religious organization. At this time we also learned that the beast was in fact a wild bull which represented the government and again was traced back to Nimrod.
We then began to examine the fourth empire and or the fourth beast in detail through history. We also showed you the dominant group of people in this empire and showed you how this people, the German nation was indeed related to the Assyrian nation.
In our last couple of News letters we have showed you that the King of the North is going to be a revived Roman Empire. We showed you also that the dominant force in this King of the North since the beginning has been Assyria. And we showed you that the Assyria of old was and is today called Germany.
One of the most well known symbols of Germany in modern times is the swastika. Another is the iron cross and also the double headed eagle. If what I am saying is true, and I know it is, then it should not surprise you to learn that these symbols are not new, but have been part of German heritage right from the beginning. Right from Assyria when Nimrod was the King.
We shall cover these symbols in this News Letter. We shall also look at something that many do not. The Breaking in pieces. And at long last we shall look at the scripture that led to this long study. Daniel 11:38. This could only be done having come to an understanding of these past News Letters. The conclusions of this News Letter should be very exciting as we now look to the nightly news.

We begin with the Ancient Tribe of Chatti.

The name Chatti, or Hatti as it sometimes reads, in Hebrew means to break down by violence or confusion; to abolish, make afraid, scare or terrify. Chatti is a derivative of the Hebrew word for Hittite, Chittiy  are mentioned numerous times in the Bible. The Canaanite Hittites are a fierce people who continually clashed with the Israelites in biblical accounts were known by this name. They were descendants of Ham, those of a darker-colored skin.
Yet there was another people, with much lighter skin, who were also known by this name, Chatti or Hatti: the Assyrians! Historians recognize that there were two distinct peoples which went by the name of Chatti, or Hittite, as it reads in the Bible
Hatti means “men of War” as does Car-men which became German. In Hebrew, the closest derivation is Chathath which is equal to terrorize, break down, as in war, hence a warrior or man of war.
Hittitte is Strongs # 2850 Original Word yttx from (02845) Transliterated Word Chittiy Phonetic Spelling khit-tee’ Definition Hittite = “descendant of Heth”
the nation descended from Heth, the 2nd son of Canaan; once inhabitants of central Anatolia (modern Turkey), later in north Lebanon
Now when we go to #2845 we get the following;
Strong’s Number: 02845 Original Word tx from (02865) Transliterated Word Cheth Phonetic Spelling khayth Definition Heth = “terror”
a son of Canaan and the progenitor of the Hittites
So a Hittite is a son of Heth. And Heth is equal to terror Or TX. But we have also learned that the Hittites were also of the lighter skin variety, and also dwelt in Turkey.
Lets now look at #2865
Strong’s Number: 02865 Original Word a primitive root ttx Transliterated Word Chathath Phonetic Spelling khaw-thath’ Definition
to be shattered, be dismayed, be broken, be abolished, be afraid
(Qal)
to be shattered, be broken
to be dismayed
(Niphal) to be broken, be dismayed
(Piel) to be shattered, be dismayed, be scared
(Hiphil)
to cause to be dismayed
to dismay, terrify
to shatter
King James Word Usage – Total: 54 dismayed 27, afraid 6, break in pieces 6, broken 3, break down 2, abolished 1, affrighted 1, amazed 1, chapt 1, confound 1, discouraged 1, go down 1, beaten down 1, scarest 1, terrify 1
Strong’s Number: 02846 Original Word a primitive root htx Transliterated Word Chathah Phonetic Spelling khaw-thaw’ Definition
(Qal) to take hold of, seize, take away, pile up, snatch up (coals)
Strong’s Number: 02847 Original Word from (02865) httx Transliterated Word Chittah Phonetic Spelling khit-taw’ Definition terror, fear
King James Word Usage – Total: 1 terror 1
Strong’s Number: 02849 Original Word from (02844) txtx Transliterated Word Chathchath Spelling Phonetic khath-khath’ Definition terror
King James Word Usage – Total: 1 fear 1
Strong’s Number: 02844 Original Word from (02865) tx Transliterated Word Chath Phonetic Spelling khath Definition fear, terror
shattered, dismayed
shattered
dismayed
King James Word Usage – Total: 4 dread 1, broken 1, fear 1, dismayed 1
Strong’s Number: 02851 Original Word from (02865) tyttx Transliterated Word Chittiyth Phonetic Spelling khit-teeth’ Definition terror
King James Word Usage – Total: 8 terror 8
From the above words we have learned that Chatti or Hatti: are the Assyrians and that this name means Terror.
Leviticus 26:16 I also will do this unto you; I will even appoint over you terror, consumption, and the burning ague, that shall consume the eyes, and cause sorrow of heart: and ye shall sow your seed in vain, for your enemies shall eat it.
This word terror is from hlhb
Strong’s Number: 0928 Original Word from (0926) hlhb Transliterated Word Behalah Phonetic Spelling beh-haw-law’ Definition dismay, sudden terror or ruin, alarm
King James Word Usage – Total: 4 trouble 2, terror 2
Strong’s Number: 0926 Original Word a primitive root lhb Transliterated Word Bahal Phonetic Spelling baw-hal’ Definition
to disturb, alarm, terrify, hurry, be disturbed, be anxious, be afraid, be hurried, be nervous
(Niphal)
to be disturbed, dismayed, terrified, anxious
to be in haste, be hasty
(Piel)
to make haste, act hastily, be hurried, be hastened
to dismay, terrify
(Pual)
to hasten
hastened, hastily gained (part.)
(Hiphil)
to hasten, hurry, make haste
to dismay, terrify
King James Word Usage – Total: 39 trouble 17, haste 4, afraid 3, vexed 3, amazed 2, hasty 2, affrighted 1, dismayed 1, hastily 1, thrust him out 1, rash 1, speedily 1, speedy 1, vex 1
The connection I was trying to make is that Yahweh is going to appoint over us sudden Terror. In other words Yahweh will appoint over us Assyria. I admit it is a stretch, but it not a very big one.
As we consider what is said of this fourth kingdom again from Daniel we get another clue.
Daniel 2:40 And the fourth kingdom shall be as strong as iron, inasmuch as iron breaks in pieces and shatters everything; and like iron that crushes, that kingdom will break in pieces and crush all the others.
Daniel 7:23 “Thus he said: ‘The fourth beast shall be A fourth kingdom on earth, Which shall be different from all other kingdoms, And shall devour the whole earth, Trample it and break it in pieces.
Break is the word reh-ah
Strong’s Number: 07490 corresponding to (07489) Original Word [[r Transliterated Word R@`a` (Aramaic) Phonetic Spelling reh-ah’ Definition
(P’al) to crush, break, shatter
King James Word Usage – Total: 2 bruise 1, break 1
Strong’s Number: 07489 Original Word a primitive root[[r Transliterated Word Ra`a` Phonetic Spelling raw-ah’ Definition to be bad, be evil
(Qal)
to be displeasing
to be sad
to be injurious, be evil
to be wicked, be evil (ethically)
(Hiphil)
to do an injury or hurt
to do evil or wickedly
mischief (participle)
to break, shatter
(Qal)
to break
broken (participle)
to be broken
(Hithpolel) to be broken, be broken in pieces, be broken asunder
King James Word Usage – Total: 83 evil 20, evildoer 10, hurt 7, wickedly 5, worse 5, afflict 5, wicked 4, break 3, doer 3, ill 3, harm 3, displease 2, miscellaneous 13
We have shown you in other News Letters [5843-047] that Kush was also called Mercury. To refresh what was said I repeat it here. From Hislops Two babylons;
Here there is a manifest enigma. How could Mercury or Hermes have any need to interpret the speeches of mankind when they “all spake one language”? To find out the meaning of this, we must go to the language of the Mysteries. Peresh, in Chaldee, signifies “to interpret”; but was pronounced by old Egyptians and by Greeks, and often by the Chaldees themselves, in the same way as “Peres,” to “divide.” Mercury, then, or Hermes, or Cush, “the son of Ham,” was the “DIVIDER of the speeches of men.” He, it would seem, had been the ringleader in the scheme for building the great city and tower of Babel; and, as the well known title of Hermes,–“the interpreter of the gods,” would indicate, had encouraged them, in the name of God, to proceed in their presumptuous enterprise, and so had caused the language of men to be divided, and themselves to be scattered abroad on the face of the earth. Now look at the name of Belus or Bel, given to the father of Ninus, or Nimrod, in connection with this. While the Greek name Belus represented both the Baal and Bel of the Chaldees, these were nevertheless two entirely distinct titles. These titles were both alike often given to the same god, but they had totally different meanings. Baal, as we have already seen, signified “The Lord”; but Bel signified “The Confounder.” When, then, we read that Belus, the father of Ninus, was he that built or founded Babylon, can there be a doubt, in what sense it was that the title of Belus was given to him? It must have been in the sense of Bel the “Confounder.” And to this meaning of the name of the Babylonian Bel, there is a very distinct allusion in Jeremiah 1:2, where it is said “Bel is confounded,” that is, “The Confounder is brought to confusion.” That Cush was known to Pagan antiquity under the very character of Bel, “The Confounder,” a statement of Ovid very clearly proves. The statement to which I refer is that in which Janus “the god of gods,” * from whom all the other gods had their origin, is made to say of himself: “The ancients…called me Chaos.”
* Janus was so called in the most ancient hymns of the Salii. (MACROB, Saturn.)
Now, first this decisively shows that Chaos was known not merely as a state of confusion, but as the “god of Confusion.” But, secondly, who that is at all acquainted with the laws of Chaldaic pronunciation, does not know that Chaos is just one of the established forms of the name of Chus or Cush? * Then, look at the symbol of Janus, ** whom “the ancients called Chaos,” and it will be seen how exactly it tallies with the doings of Cush, when he is identified with Bel, “The Confounder.” That symbol is a club; and the name of “a club” in Chaldee comes from the very word which signifies “to break in pieces, or scatter abroad.” ***
* The name of Cush is also Khus, for sh frequently passes in Chaldee into s; and Khus, in pronunciation, legitimately becomes Khawos, or, without the digamma, Khaos.
** From Sir WM. BETHAM’S Etruscan Literature and Antiquities Investigated, 1842. The Etruscan name on the reverse of a medal–Bel-athri, “Lord of spies,” is probably given to Janus, in allusion to his well known title “Janus Tuens,” which may be rendered “Janus the Seer,” or “All-seeing Janus.”
*** In Proverbs 25:18, a maul or club is “Mephaitz.” In Jeremiah 51:20, the same word, without the Jod, is evidently used for a club (though, in our version, it is rendered battle-axe); for the use of it is not to cut asunder, but to “break in pieces.” See the whole passage.
He who caused the confusion of tongues was he who “broke” the previously united earth (Gen 11:1) “in pieces,” and “scattered” the fragments abroad. How significant, then, as a symbol, is the club, as commemorating the work of Cush, as Bel, the “Confounder”? And that significance will be all the more apparent when the reader turns to the Hebrew of Genesis 11:9, and finds that the very word from which a club derives its name is that which is employed when it is said, that in consequence of the confusion of tongues, the children of men were “scattered abroad on the face of all the earth.” The word there used for scattering abroad is Hephaitz, which, in the Greek form becomes Hephaizt, * and hence the origin of the well known but little understood name of Hephaistos, as applied to Vulcan, “The father of the gods.” **
* There are many instances of a similar change. Thus Botzra becomes in Greek, Bostra; and Mitzraim, Mestraim.
** Vulcan, in the classical Pantheon, had not commonly so high a place, but in Egypt Hephaistos, or Vulcan, was called “Father of the gods.” (AMMIANUS MARCELLINUS)
Hephaistos is the name of the ringleader in the first rebellion, as “The Scatterer abroad,” as Bel is the name of the same individual as the “Confounder of tongues.” Here, then, the reader may see the real origin of Vulcan’s Hammer, which is just another name for the club of Janus or Chaos, “The god of Confusion”; and to this, as breaking the earth in pieces, there is a covert allusion in Jeremiah 23:29, where Babylon, as identified with its primeval god, is thus apostrophised: “How is the hammer of the whole earth cut asunder and broken”! Now, as the tower-building was the first act of open rebellion after the flood, and Cush, as Bel, was the ringleader in it, he was, of course, the first to whom the name Merodach, “The great Rebel,” * must have been given, and, therefore, according to the usual parallelism of the prophetic language, we find both names of the Babylonian god referred to together, when the judgment on Babylon is predicted: “Bel is confounded: Merodach is broken in pieces” (Jer 50:2).
* Merodach comes from Mered, to rebel; and Dakh, the demonstrative pronoun affixed, which makes it emphatic, signifying “That” or “The great.”
The judgment comes upon the Babylonian god according to what he had done. As Bel, he had “confounded” the whole earth, therefore he is “confounded.” As Merodach, by the rebellion he had stirred up, he had “broken” the united world in pieces; therefore he himself is “broken in pieces.”
So much for the historical character of Bel, as identified with Janus or Chaos, the god of confusion, with his symbolical club. *
* While the names Bel and Hephaistos had the origin above referred to, they were not inappropriate names also, though in a different sense, for the war-gods descending from Cush, from whom Babylon derived its glory among the nations. The warlike deified kings of the line of Cush gloried in their power to carry confusion among their enemies, to scatter their armies, and to “break the earth in pieces” by their resistless power. To this, no doubt, as well as to the acts of the primeval Bel, there is allusion in the inspired denunciations of Jeremiah on Babylon. The physical sense also of these names was embodied in the club given to the Grecian Hercules–the very club of Janus–when, in a character quite different from that of the original Hercules, he was set up as the great reformer of the world, by mere physical force. When two-headed Janus with the club is represented, the two-fold representation was probably intended to represent old Cush, and young Cush or Nimrod, as combined. But the two-fold representation with other attributes, had reference also to another “Father of the gods,” afterwards to be noticed, who had specially to do with water.
We now again refer to the book by C.M. White The Great German Nation, page 19-20.
Among Sargons titles were Sakh, Saka, Saki or Sakko and the Great Khati. His patron god was En-Lil or Sakhar. The name of Sakh or Sakka means the established lord or leader. He was addressed as a god and deified as was his successor, Naram-sin who was the god of Akkad.
Because Sargon called himself Sakh and he who rules the four Quarters, it indicates an assumption on his part of being a divinity as this title has been reserved for high gods… The Assyrian Emperors took the title King of the Universe. In fact, from the time of Sargon to Hammurabi, the names of the Babylonian kings were often written with the determinative dingir (god), used normally for gods and objects intended for worship. This foreshadowed the Caesar worship of the Roman Emperors and the coming Beast so graphically illustrated in the book of Revelation. Sargon even pronounced himself to be the very protégé of the goddess Ishtar.
In the inscriptions, Sargon repeatedly invokes the Sun god along with Sagg or Sakh (En-lil) and on one occasion the wife of Sagg. He had several sons of whom Man-ishushu (Puzur-Assur), likewise worshipped the sun god and dedicated a stone mace to the queen of the Sun-god at the Sun temple of Sippara. Sagg had a weapon-an emblem which Sargon appropriated and when claiming victory over Uruk vanquished his enemies and smote that city by the battle-mace of Sagaga. Another Chronicle states that Sargon won his battles with the weapon of Lord Sakhar Tar.
[ Have you made the connection? Did you see it? The same battle-axe or battle-mace that Mr. White is talking about is the same one that Janus, or Vulcan , or Chus used to break in pieces. Which we just talked about]
Professor Waddell wrote that he felt that Tar is a rendition of Thor. He continues – The Name of this weapon and pictorial sign are of significance. Its sign pictures what is regarded as a thunderbolt with an arrow-head; and it appears to be the same weapon which is carried by the Sumerian Hercules, the top of which is sometimes figured as a cross.
[Again we just read about Hercules and his club from Alexander Hislop. Again are you drawing the conclusion? It is the same club, the same battle-axe. Now learn how the club or battle-axe ( which is a symbol of the German people) is represented as a symbol ]
You can see similar symbols at the following site.
http://www.symbols.com/encyclopedia/15/1519.html The shaft with an arrow on the end. It becomes very interesting when you then click on the group from which this arrow is derived from. We can see at http://www.symbols.com/encyclopedia/15/151.html the swastika. And I could get lost in a lengthy discussion on how these symbols are all related.
In the following link we find the following line ‘Many of the first cross structures were those of the wheel cross, which was used in e.g. Assyria and ancient Egypt. In Assyria, at least, it clearly is a symbol for the sun.
Go to link to see pictures.
http://www.symbols.com/encyclopedia/09/091.html
Take special notice that the circle with the cross in it is found in both ancient Assyria, king of the North, and Egypt, King of the South.
As well you should also look up the many other related symbols while you are there. It will make for a most interesting study.
In a foot note Mr. White adds that it has the same name as Bal, and is defined as spindle or axe. Was this the swastika?
Continuing on page 68 of The Great German Nation; Mr. White says the following quoting Ragozin 1885 page 5 ‘The supreme god of the Assyrians was Asshur who later became known in Europe as Tyr or Tir, derived from Atir or Athur, which is the Indo-Germanic from of the Hebrew Asshur. According to Ragozin, Assur’s original name may be spelled Asshur with central original district of Assyria, known as Aturia. (Foot note ‘of which Strabo also writes Ninus founded Ninus in Aturia’) Asshur may also be spelt Assyr( Perry 1923; page 217) The Medes named the land Assura, (Hannay 1916; page 52) The Persians Athursa (Hannay) and the Aramaeans AtCura ( Frye 1992; page 285). After Assyria fell, the region of Assyria became known as Arzin (Lempriere 1856; page 94) and as Athura when it was a satrapy in the Persian Empire. It is possible that this may be the origin of the name Arthur and the Germanic god Thor, who with his hammer, the swastika, crushed the enemies of his worshippers. It should also be noted that in front of the temple to Assur in the city of Assur we find displayed a swastika on a limestone slab.’
Mr. White footnotes this by saying ‘ A tribe that once dwelt within Assyria, the Paratarajas (now residing in the Sind/Balchistan region) produced dozens of coins that were replete with swastika symbols (Tandon 2006; page 29. See the entire paper for photgraphs of these coins.) To which I was able to find the following link http://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=113467
The footnote continues; A related symbol is the black sun-a symbol of the ancient pagan godhead’s inner light- which can be found in both Assyrian and Babylonian places of worship or in inscriptions. It is strikingly similar to the German Iron Cross. (http://www.symbols.com/encyclopedia/15/151.html (swastika))
The following link is needed to be seen.
http://www.symbols.com/encyclopedia/26/268.html Read near the bottom the following line and see the symbols used there to represent the Sun and or Nimrod. I can not copy them here.
Although the circle is found in practically every type of culture and in all periods of history, there are exceptions. In Babylon, for example, the sun was represented by the ideogram , a four pointed star with wavy radiation lines emanating from its center. In other regions the sun was represented by a disc with outstretched wings on both sides. { This symbol was used through out Nazi Germany in WW II. Is it a mere co-incident?} Count d’Alviella claimed, in his famous book on the migration of symbols throughout the world, that both signs from ancient India, such as the cross, and pre-Columbian American signs such as a circle again, the three-leg, and the swastika, were sun symbols .

Other sun symbols are pictured with that link which I can not reproduce here.

The Following is my unprofessional opinion.

The symbol of the sun was a circle. It represented Nimrod. When Nimrod was cut in pieces and sent to the four corners, this could be signified by the circle and the cross in the middle, both of which represented him, only now with the legs on the outside. The legs over time would come to look like the swastika. Which again is a symbol of the sun god. Nimrod. When this swastika was associated with Buddha, remember we showed you Buddha was first depicted as a black man, and was representing Nimrod.
It is also very interesting to note, [the black Chatti who went to the south, of whom I do not at present know where they eventually ended up, possible the very dangerous area of Pakistan], in India the swastika was a common symbol in the Veda as we have already shown. [India is where the some of the tribes of Chus went] Are these Chatti those in that region of Pakistan that not even the Pakistani army will go into. The same region to where Osama Bin Laden is hiding, and where the Taliban now operates out of.
Just my thoughts. No proof as yet.
The Following is excerpted from www.northvegr.org/lore/swastika/017.php on various pages. A remarkable read.
Some foreign authors have called it ( the swastika ), Thor’s hammer, or Thor’s hammer-mark, but the correctness of this has been disputed.
Waring, in his work, “Ceramic Art in Remote Ages,” says:
The Swastika used to be vulgarly called in Scandinavia the hammer of Thor, and Thor’s hammer-mark, or the hammer-mark, but this name properly belongs to the mark.
Ludwig Mueller gives it as his opinion that the Swastika has no connection with the Thor hammer. The best Scandinavian authors report the “Thor hammer” to be the same as the Greek Tau (fig.5), the same form as the Roman and English capital T. The Scandinavian name is Mjolnir, the crusher or mallet.
[Note: remember we have shown you from Hislop how the Tau stood for Tammuz which was another name for Nimrod. This Tau would later become the cross or what is now known as the crucifixion cross. When Nimrod was executed and cut into pieces, he was mourned for 40 days. Hence we now have the 40 days of lent when people do with out and the weeping for Tammuz. Also note the Scandinavian Mjonir, the crusher or Mallet is another symbol of the hammer or battle axe. What is commonly known as the crucifixion cross could also be another symbol of this hammer, that breaks in pieces.]
The Greek, Latin, and Tau crosses are represented in Egyptian hieroglyphics by a hammer or mallet, giving the idea of crushing, pounding, or striking, and so an instrument of justice, an avenger of wrong, hence standing for Horus and other gods. Similar symbolic meanings have been given to these crosses in ancient classic countries of the Orient.
Many theories have been presented concerning the symbolism of the Swastika, its relation to ancient deities and its representation of certain qualities. In the estimation of certain writers it has been respectively the emblem of Zeus, of Baal, of the sun, of the sun-god, of the sun-chariot of Agni the fire-god, of Indra the rain-god, of the sky, the sky-god, and finally the deity of all deities the great God, the Maker and Ruler of the Universe. It has also been held to symbolize light or the god of light, of the forked lightning, and of water. It is believed by some to have been the oldest Aryan symbol. In the estimation of others it represents Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva, Creator, Preserver, Destroyer.
http://www.northvegr.org/lore/swastika/017.php good page
http://www.northvegr.org/lore/swastika/003.php
http://www.symbols.com/encyclopedia/09/091.html
The name Svastika, however, can be traced (in India) a little farther back. It occurs as the name of a particular sign in the old grammar of Panani, about a century earlier. Certain compounds are mentioned there in which the last word is karna “ear.: * * * One of the signs for marking cattle was the Svastika [fig. 41],
A remark of yours [Schliemann] (Troy, p.38) that the Svastika resembles a wheel in motion, the direction of the motion being indicated by the crampons, contains a useful hint, which has been confirmed by some important observations of Mr. Thomas, the distinguished Oriental numismatist, who has called attention to the fact that in the long list of the recognized devices of the twenty four Jaina Tirthankaras the sun is absent, but that while the eighth Tirhaukara has the sign of the half-moon, the seventh Tirthaukara is marked with the Svastika, i.e., the sun. Here, then, we have clear indications that the Svastika, with the hands pointing in the right direction, was originally a symbol of the sun, perhaps of the vernal sun as opposed to the autumnal sun, the Suarastika, and, therefore, a natural symbol of light, life, health, and wealth.
[Note the sun was representative of Nimrod. Also note the bull was representative of Nimrod’s Government and of Nimrod. Hence a swastika on a bull was a double indication of who was being represented Why are Bulls so revered in India today? Do they not represent Nimrod once again?]
But, while from these indications we are justified in supposing that among the Aryan nations the Svastika may have been an old emblem of the sun, there are other indications to show that in other parts of the world the same or a similar emblem was used to indicate the earth. Mr. Beal * * * has shown * * * that the simple cross occurs as a sign for earth in certain ideographic groups. It was probably intended to indicate the four quarters- north, south, east, west– or, it may be, more generally, extension in length and breadth.
Zmigrodzki, commenting on the frequency of the Swastika on the objects found by Dr. Schliemann at Hissarlik, gives it as his opinion that these representations of the Swastika have relation to a human cult indicating a supreme being filled with goodness toward man. the sun, stars, etc., indicate him as a god of light. this, in connection with the idol of Venus, with its triangular shield engraved with a Swastika, and the growing trees and palms, with their increasing and multiplying branches and leaves, represent to him the idea of fecundity, multiplication, increase, and hence the god of life as well as of light. The Swastika sign on funeral vases indicates to him a belief in a divine spirit in man which lives after death, and hence he concludes that the people of Hissarlik, in the “Burnt City” (the third of Schliemann), adored a supreme being, the god of light and of life, and believed in the immortality of the soul.
R.P. Greg says:
Originally it [the Swastika] would appear to have been an early Aryan atmospheric device or symbol indicative of both rain and lightning, phenomena appertaining to the god Indra, subsequently or collaterally developing, possibly, into the Suastika, or scared fire charm in India, and at a still later period in Greece, adopted rather as a solar symbol, or converted about B.C. 650 into the meander or key pattern.
Waring while he testifies to the extension of the Swastika both in time and area says: but neither in the hideous jumble of Pantheism– the wild speculative thought, mystic fables, and perverted philosophy of life among the Buddhists, nor in the equally wild and false theosophy of the Brahmins, to whom this symbol, as distinctive of the Vishnavas, sectarian devotees of Vishnu, is ascribed by Moor in his “Indian Pantheon,” nor yet in the tenets of the Jains, do we find any decisive explanation of the meaning attached to this symbol, although its allegorical intention is indubitable.
He mentions the Swastika of the Buddhists, the cross, the circle, their combination, the three foot and adds: “They exhibit forms of those olden and widely spread pagan symbols of Deity and sanctity, eternal life and blessing.”
The Rev. G. Cox, in his “Aryan Mythology,” says: We recognize the male and the female symbol in the trident of Poseidon, and in the fylfot (swastika) or hammer of Thor, which assumes the form of a cross-pattice in the various legends which turn on the rings of Freya, Holda, Venus, or Aphrodite.
The Aryans, he says, were a race not given to sun worship; and, while he may agree with Mueller that the Swastika is an emblem of Zeus and Jupiter merely as the Supreme God, yet he believes that the origine of the Swastika had no reference to a movement of the sun through the heavens; and he prefers his own theory that it was a device suggested by the forked lightning as the chief weapon of the air god.
He considers it to have been, in the first instance, exclusively of early Aryan origine and use, and that down to about 600 B.C. it was the emblem or symbol of the supreme Aryan god;
He disputes the theory that the association of the Swastika sign with various others on the same object proves its relationship with that object or sign. That it appears on vases or similar objects associated with what is evidently a solar disk is no evidence to him that the Swastika belongs to the sun, or when associated with the zigzags of lightning that it represents the god of lightning, nor the same with the god of heaven. The fact of its appearing either above or below any one of these is, in his opinion, of no importance and has no signification, either general or special.
D’Alviella says that the only example known to him of a Swastika upon a monument consecrated to Zeus or Jupiter is on a Celto-Roman altar, erected, according to all appearances, by the Daci during the time they were garrisoned at Ambloganna, in Britain. The altar bears the letters I.O.M., which have been thought to stand of Jupiter Optimus Maximus. The Swastika thereon is flanked by two disks or ronelles, representative of the sun among the Gaulois.
My View is the following. It is my opinion based on all that I have learned. The Sun is represented as a circle. Some circles have rays of light coming from them. This circle represented Nimrod. Some of these circles I have seen in researching this subject have three legs on the outside. Calve and thigh bent.
Another symbol of Nimrod is the cross as has been said by many in the preceding. The Cross is at times laid inside the circle. Both represent Nimrod.
Once Nimrod is cut up by Shem and sent to the other parts of the world, this then could be the representation of the circle and the legs meaning Nimrod was cut up and set to the four corners of the world. His next in line after Nimrod was Asshur. Giving honour to Nimrod he used this symbol of Nimrod with the four legs now made into the swastika. By this symbol Asshur Thor conquered the world. This symbol was his lightening and shaft and hammer. The swastika.
The Club of Janus or the club of Chush.
Sig or sigis is the Gothic cognate for the mighty, overcoming or victorious. The German sieg also means victory and was written by the mysterious axe sign. Sieg und heil (victory and Salvation) was the cry of Germans long before the Nazis.
The raising of the arm straight out and upwards and saying sieg und heil was shown on base reliefs and pictures going right back to Assyria. I would strongly recommend the reader purchase the book The Great German Nation by C White from Origin of Nations. It is an awesome read.
We have gone on here at length. The many lessons learned here are obvious. One is found in Isaiah 10:5 Woe to Assyria the rod of my anger, and the staff in whose hand is my indignation. I will send him against an ungodly nation, and against the people of my wrath.
The ungodly people are Israel. Assyria, Germany is the rod by which Yahweh is going to punish Israel. That rod has been symbolized by the swastika as the thunderbolt of Thor which breaks in to pieces the nations around it.
Continuing in Isaiah 10:6 I will give him charge, to seize the spoil, to take the prey, and to tread them down like mire of the streets. Yet he does not mean so, nor does his heart think so, but it is in his heart to destroy, and to cut off not a few nations.
Daniel 2:40 And the fourth kingdom shall be as strong as Iron, in as much as Iron breaks in pieces and shatters every thing; and like a lion that crushes, that kingdom will break in pieces and crush all the others.
Daniel 7:23 The Fourth Beast shall be a fourth Kingdom on earth…and shall devour the whole earth, Trample it and break it in pieces.
That Fourth kingdom as we have shown you is the not so Holy Roman Empire. That empire has been dominated by Germany which from past News Letters, you now know were the ancient Assyrian people or Empire.
If this does not send chills up your spine then next weeks News letter should terrify you, as you realize what is about to happen, and as you learn about the twist and turns that prophesy is telling us.
Make sure you share these News letter with those you love and care about.
We have gone on a bit of a rabbit trail here. We shall get back on track next week as we show you more on this prophecy of Daniel.

How Did the Months Get Their Names?

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The Gregorian Calendar Changing of the Date?

Ten Days That Vanished: The Switch to the Gregorian Calendar

Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Ten Days That Vanished: The Switch to the Gregorian Calendar”. Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 Jan. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/story/ten-days-that-vanished-the-switch-to-the-gregorian-calendar. Accessed 25 December 2023.

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The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

When it comes to calendars, small errors can add up over time. The Julian calendar—the prevalent calendar in the Christian world for the first millennium CE and part of the second millennium—was an improvement over the Roman republican calendar that it replaced, but it was 11 minutes and 14 seconds longer than the tropical year (the time it takes the Sun to return to the same position, as seen from Earth). The result was that the calendar drifted about one day for every 314 years.

One of the most pressing problems caused by the error was the increasing difficulty of calculating the date of Easter, which the Council of Nicaea in 325 had decreed should fall on the first Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox, which at the time fell on March 21. The growing discrepancy between the date set by the council and the actual vernal equinox was noted in the 8th century CE, if not earlier, and a number of proposals for reform were brought before popes in the Middle Ages. But no action was taken, and the Julian calendar, flawed as it was, remained the official calendar of the Christian church.

In its session of 1562–63, the Council of Trent passed a decree calling for the pope to fix the problem by implementing a reformed calendar. But it took another two decades to find a suitable fix and put it into place. After years of consultation and research, Pope Gregory XIII signed a papal bull in February 1582 promulgating the reformed calendar that came to be known as the Gregorian calendar. The reforms were based on the suggestions of the Italian scientist Luigi Lilio, with some modifications by the Jesuit mathematician and astronomer Christopher Clavius.

The most surreal part of implementing the new calendar came in October 1582, when 10 days were dropped from the calendar to bring the vernal equinox from March 11 back to March 21. The church had chosen October to avoid skipping any major Christian festivals. So, in countries that adopted the new calendar, the Feast of St. Francis of Assisi on October 4, 1582, was directly followed by October 15. France made the transition separately in December.

Something as complex as implementing a new calendar couldn’t go off without some complications, though. The Protestant and Orthodox countries didn’t want to take direction from the pope, so they refused to adopt the new calendar. The result was that Catholic Europe—Austria, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Poland, and the Catholic states of Germany—suddenly jumped ahead of the rest of the continent by 10 days, and traveling across a border often meant traveling forward or backward on the calendar.

Eventually, non-Catholic countries did begin to adopt the Gregorian calendar. The Protestant regions of Germany and the Netherlands switched in the 17th century. Great Britain and the territories of the British Empire followed suit in 1752, spreading the Gregorian calendar around the globe.

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Gregorian Calendar Reform: Why Are Some Dates Missing?

By Konstantin Bikos and Aparna Kher

The Gregorian calendar, the calendar system we use today, was first introduced in 1582. To make up for the inaccuracies of its predecessor, the Julian calendar, a number of days had to be skipped.

Notice in the following dating that the count goes from 1, 2, 14, 15. The correction of the 11 days took place by just dropping those 11 days. Tuesday was followed by Wednesday and Thursday Etc.. The Sabbath was never changed as some modern calendar liars try to say. As you can see the days of the week never changed.

Skipped Several Days

Over the centuries since its introduction in 45 BCE, the Julian calendar had gradually drifted away from astronomical events like the vernal equinox and the winter solstice. To make up for this error and get the calendar back in sync with the astronomical seasons, a number of days had to be dropped when the Gregorian calendar was adopted.

In North America, for example, the month of September 1752 had only 19 days, as the day count went straight from September 2 to September 14 (see illustration).

Number of Lost Days Varied

The papal bull issued by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 decreed that 10 days be skipped when switching to the Gregorian calendar. However, only five countries adopted the new calendar system that year—namely, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and most of France.

Since the discrepancy between the Julian calendar year and the astronomical seasons kept growing over time in the centuries that followed, more days had to be skipped in countries that switched to the Gregorian calendar in later years.

The US, Canada, and the UK dropped 11 days in 1752; Japan cut the year 1872 short by 12 days; and some countries, such as Russia, Greece, and Turkey, switched calendars as late as the early 20th century, so they had to omit 13 days (see table).

Switch Took More Than 300 Years

In total, more than three centuries passed until the Gregorian calendar had been adopted in all countries, from 1582 to 1927. The table below shows when the calendar reform occurred in some countries, including the first and the last.

Gregorian Calendar Introduction Worldwide

Year of Switch	Country	Days Removed
1582	France (most areas), Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain	10 days
1583	Austria, Germany (Catholic states)	10 days
1587	Hungary	10 days
1610	Germany (Prussia)	10 days
1700	Germany (Protestant areas), Switzerland (Protestant areas)	10 days
1752	United States (most areas), Canada (most areas), United Kingdom (and colonies)	11 days
1872/1873	Japan	12 days
1916	Bulgaria	13 days
1918	Estonia, Russia	13 days
1923	Greece	13 days
1926/1927	Turkey	13 days
Note: The list only includes countries that officially used the Julian calendar before the Gregorian calendar was introduced; countries that switched from a different calendar system to the Gregorian calendar, such as Saudi Arabia in 2016, are excluded. In some cases, it shows a simplified version of events. Each country is listed by its current name, although its official name may have changed since the calendar reform.

Calendar Chaos

The delay in switching meant that countries followed different calendar systems for a number of years, resulting in differing leap year rules.

In the Gregorian calendar, most years that are evently divisible by 100 are common years, but they are leap years in the Julian calendar. This meant that the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 were leap years in countries still using the Julian calendar at the time (e.g., Greece), while in countries that had adopted the Gregorian calendar (e.g., Germany), these years were common years.

Double Leap Year

The Swedish Empire, roughly comprising the areas of today’s Sweden and Finland, even had a “double” leap year in 1712. Two days were added to February, creating February 30, 1712 after the leap day in 1700 had erroneously been dropped, and the calendar was not synchronized with either the Julian or the Gregorian system. By adding an extra leap day in 1712, they were back on the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was introduced in 1753.

Many Variations

In some non-western countries, the calendar reform took on many different guises to accommodate differing cultural and historical contexts. For example, Japan replaced its lunisolar calendar with the Gregorian calendar in January 1873 but decided to use the numbered months it had originally used rather than the European names.

The Republic of China (1912-1949) initially adopted the Gregorian calendar in January 1912, but it wasn’t actually used a due to warlords using different calendars. However, the Nationalist Government (1928-1949) formally decreed the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in China in January 1929.

Conversion between Julian and Gregorian Calendars

Currently, the Julian calendar is 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar. So, to convert from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar, add 13 days; to convert in the opposite direction, subtract 13 days.

The gap between the two calendar systems will increase to 14 days in the year 2100.

 

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The Jewish calendar is out of sync. Fix it

The next ‘Blessing of the Sun’ will occur in April 2009 – 19 days ahead of schedule.

By STEPHEN GABRIEL ROSENBERG

MAY 21, 2007 18:56

We observant Jews count the Omer – 50 days from Pessah to Shavuot – because the Torah commands us to. Every night we’ve been reciting the number of days and weeks that have passed and look forward to the coming festival, rightly called Shavuot, or Weeks. In Greek it is Pentecost – the counting of 50. This counting of 50 days between festivals seems to have been an ancient custom among farmers. Many of the festivals are two months apart. If the farmer celebrated seven days of harvest festival, added an extra day, as the eighth day of Shemini Atzeret is added to Succot, and if he then counts 50 days, he is on to the eve of the next festival. This basic count of 59 days, or just two full months, would have applied between Pessah and Shavuot if we counted as the pre-rabbinic Ethiopians did, taking “from the morrow of the Sabbath” (Leviticus 23:15) to be the day after the whole festival, thus bringing Shavuot to 15th of Sivan. It was the Pharisees who changed all that so as to bring Pentecost forward to coincide with their date for the Theophany at Mt. Sinai. THE JEWISH calendar has been a lunar one, confirmed by the sighting of the new moon, at least from the time of the little tablet, the so-called Gezer Calendar excavated in 1908, considered to be of the 11th century BCE, which counted the agricultural year in consecutive months, four of them in pairs. In matters of time, the month is a natural phenomenon, as are the day and the solar year, although the three are difficult to correlate. The month is actually 29.530588 days long and the solar year 365.2422 days, which makes calculation difficult. In the early Roman Empire the year was still counted as a lunar one and correlation with the seasons was chaotic and unwieldy. It was so until the time of the Emperor Julius Caesar, who was advised by astronomers to scrap the lunar count and fix a solar year of 365 and 1/4 days. That fraction of a day was not practical so it was decreed to have three years of 365 days, and one of 366 days every four years. Known as the Julian Calendar, it had the desired effect of regulating the days and months with the seasons. The new reckoning was introduced in 45 BCE and was expected to be correct for time everlasting. But it was not to be. THE CALENDAR year was more than 11 minutes too long, which meant an increase of one day in about 130 years. Thus by medieval times, after a period of say, 1,000 years, the calendar year was already seven days in advance of the sun. By the time reform came, under Pope Gregory XIII, the calendar was 10 days ahead of the solar system, and consequently in March 1582, the new Gregorian Calendar took 10 days out of the month of October of that year. It was not an easy reform to swallow, and Great Britain was the last major country to adopt it, not doing so until nearly 200 years later in 1752. It was then that popular riots called for “the return of our 11 days,” that led to the Treasury being forced to move the tax year 11 days forward from the quarter-day of March 25 to April 5. As the Julian year had been too long by about three days in 400 years, the Gregorian Calendar solved the problem by declaring that the leap day should be ignored at every century year and only used in those centuries divisible by 400, as is still the practice today. SO FAR, so good, but how does that impact on the Hebrew calendar? We are very meticulous in our counting, as for instance in counting the Omer between Pessah and Shavuot; and, after all, we did invent the seven-day week. It is now adopted all over the world, while the 10-day week of the ancient Egyptians and the five-day week of the more recent French Revolution never took hold. Our calendar has been a very ingenious one, having solved the problem of relating the lunar counting to the solar reality, and ensuring that festivals did not fall on unsuitable days of the week, like Yom Kippur on a Friday or Pessah on a Monday. But its very ingenuity should not lead us into thinking it infallible. When confirming the calendar by sighting of the moon became impractical, tradition has it that a fixed calendar was set down by the Patriarch Hillel II in 358 or 359 CE. It is not certain that this was so as, for instance, Maimonides does not mention it, though he says that monthly sightings did cease some time before the end of the Babylonian Talmud. Although some flexibility may have continued, it is clear that by the time of the Geonim in the ninth century a fixed calendar was being adhered to. That calendar, like all previous ones, divided the year into four tekufot or seasons, which conformed to the solstices and equinoxes of the earth around the sun. The first division was the tekufa of Nissan, or the spring season. It was in that season that the festival of Pessah had to fall, as the Torah tells us to “Observe the month of Aviv (Spring) and make Passover” (Deuteronomy 16:1), so the calculation of the four seasons was of paramount importance. ALTHOUGH we do not know when the fixed calendar started, whether in the fourth century or not, it is our guiding light today and 26 years ago it told us that the “Blessing of the Sun” was to be on April 8, 1981. It is a ceremony held every 28 years, when the sun is considered to be in the same position as the one it held in the days of Creation, that is, on a Wednesday. If the year is held to be 365 days long, then the date of its “birth” – its birthday – falls on the same day of the week every 28 years. But when we celebrated that in 1981, the tekufa date was April 8, or 18 days after the true astronomical equinox of March 21. In other words, the Jewish calendar was 18 days out of sync with the heavenly facts. How did this happen? Quite simply because the original calculations, whether by Hillel II or others, were based on the Julian Calendar of their time and, as we have seen, the Julian Calendar would now also be about 15 days out of line with the sun. Does this really matter? As the tekufa of Nissan, or Spring, continues to progress ahead of the sun, by more than 11 hours a year, we shall find that in time it will approach nearer and nearer to the astronomical summer, and the festival of Pessah will no longer fall in our tekufa of Nissan. It can be calculated that this will occur in about 640 years, and then we will be in breach of the Torah law. The festival may still be in the spring, but the tekufa of Spring will be in the summer. SO GREAT BRITAIN was not the last country to adopt the Gregorian correction of the Julian calculations. The Hebrew calendar has not yet recognized the discrepancy but it is something we should consider very carefully and quite soon, for the next “Blessing of the Sun” will occur in two years‚ time, in April 2009, so it would be sensible to reform the calendar before then, so that our prayers will be in line with God’s Creation, and not 19 days ahead of it. As in England, that change may well cause riots in the streets, this time in Jerusalem and Bnei Brak – but is it sensible to let this time bomb go on ticking any longer? The writer is a Fellow of the Albright Institute of Archaeological Research, Jerusalem.