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INyanga Yeshumi Nanye Onyakeni Wesine Womjikelezo Wesabatha Wesithathu
Umjikelezo Wesabatha Wesithathu Womjikelezo Wejubili Le-119
Umjikelezo WeSabatha Wokuzamazama Komhlaba Indlala, Nezifo Eziwumshayabhuqe

November 23, 2013

Umndeni wakwaShabbat Shalom,

Njengoba ngabelane nawe kuma-Newsletters adlule, siqashe ithimba lezentengiso ukusiza ukukhuthaza nokusabalalisa lo mlayezo weSabatha kanye neminyaka yeJubili. Kubiza imali futhi manje usubabonile emsebenzini ngesizindalwazi esisha nama-imeyili amabili okugcina. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ugaxekile wakho uma kwenzeka ukuthi ama-imeyili ethu aphelele lapho. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi manje ungene ngemvume kusizindalwazi esisha ngakwesokudla ukuze uthole wonke ama-imeyili nezincwadi zezindaba ezizayo.

Esikhathini esedlule abantu abaningi bangitshele ukuthi ngivele ngilahle zonke izimfundiso zami futhi ngikwenzile lokho ku- sightedmoon.com

Labo bantu babe sebebhala bethi angikwazi ukuthengisa imininingwane encwadini futhi kufanele ngikunikeze lokho. Kodwa labo bantu abakaze bafinyelele e-Fort Knox ukusiza ukukhokhela lezo zinto engizinikezayo ingasaphathwa eyesikhathi sami sokwenza ucwaningo abahlomula kulo.
Umbhalo uthi kuZaga 23:23 “Thenga iqiniso, uthengise it hhayi; nokuhlakanipha, nokulaywa, nokuqonda.”

Wonke umuntu ucaphuna "ungayithengisi” ingxenye kodwa ukhohlwe ingxenye ethi “THENGA IQINISO.” Abasizi futhi ukukhokhela ithimba lezentengiso, noma izindleko zokushicilela zencwadi ngayinye, noma izindleko zesizindalwazi noma ukulungiswa, kanye nezincwadi ezidingekayo ocwaningweni olungena ezintweni eziningi esizikhiqizayo. Ngesikhathi ngikhokhela incwadi elandelayo ngizobe sengisebenzise imali engaphezu kuka-$20,000 ezindlekweni zokushicilela.
Labo bantu ngibabiza ngabazicabangela bona. Ukuthatha kuze kube phakade futhi unganikeli. Ama-quarterback ase-Armchair angalokothi angene emdlalweni kodwa avele azihlalele futhi azibone alungile agxeka abanye abenza okuthile.

Angikhonondi; Ngifuna nonke nazi futhi niqonde ukuthi yini le esiyenzayo lapha.
Awungibeki ukudla etafuleni lami. Ngiyaziphilisa futhi angilindele ukuthi lokho kungaphathwa abazalwane.
Besilokhu sinitshela ukuthi unyaka weSabatha olandelayo ngo-2016 futhi kulabo abangawugcini, isiqalekiso sempi esilandelayo siqala ngo-2017-2023.
Njengoba sekusele iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-2 ukuthi sifinyelele ezigidini esihlose ukufinyelela kuzo, ngithola umsebenzi unzima futhi angicabangi ukuthi ngizokwazi ukuwenza umsebenzi wenziwe.

Emzamweni wokwenza lokhu nginaleli qembu lokumaketha manje elithumela ama-imeyili ngomzamo wokusiza ukukhulisa imali edingekayo ukuze lo mlayezo udluliselwe ku-Israel yonke. Lokhu bakwenzele uMichael Rood noKeith Johnson. Bathi nginesiqalo esingcono kakhulu kuneso bobabili abakwenzile ngakho kufanele kuhambe kahle.

Sisebenzise ama-10 ezinkulungwane zamaRandi phakathi kokuthwebula kwethu izikhangiso kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamavidiyo nokuqashwa kwehholo nezinto zokusebenza ezidingekayo ukuze sikhiqize amahora angu-40 ezimfundiso esizozikhulula. Ukube abanye abantu abasizanga ngabe lezi zimfundiso azikatholakali ukuze wena nabanye nizizwe.

Ngifuna ukukwenza lokhu mahhala kodwa kuthiwa ngikukhokhise ngakho. Kubiza imali ukwenza lezi zinto ukuze nawe, ufunde izinto ezijulile zikaJehova.

Abanye benu sebenikele kakhulu futhi ngibonga kakhulu ngalokho. Abaningi benu, hhayi kakhulu. Njengoba ngishilo ekhasini elithi give, singaleso sizukulwane sokugcina lapho zonke lezo zinto ezisesiprofethweni ziyogcwaliseka esikhathini sethu; Usizi olukhulu olubi kanye nazo zonke lezozinto eziholela kukho.
Lolu chungechunge oluzayo lokufundisa kuvidiyo seluya ngasemaphethelweni enqubo yokuhlela. Manje sengizoqeda ukuhlela kokugcina kwencwadi emayelana namaviki angama-70 kaDaniyeli kanye nezinsuku ezingama-2300 zesihogo. Sesisondele kakhulu kuleso sikhathi esizobhubhisa konke okubonayo eduze kwakho. Bheka izingane zakho futhi uqonde ukuthi zizoba neminyaka emingaki esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7. Ngabe bazovikeleka ngoba ugcine unyaka weSabatha olandelayo? Kuthiwani ngabo bonke abanye? Bazowuzwa kanjani lo mlayezo ngaphandle kokuthi othile awubeke phambi kwabo njengakumabonakude? Lezi zinto zibiza imali futhi ayikho indlela ezungeze leli qiniso. Yingakho ngicela ukuthi usize.

Sekuyisikhathi sokusukuma manje futhi usize. Asisenaso isikhathi sokudlala inkolo. Sicela ucabange ngomthandazo ukusisiza kulo msebenzi omkhulukazi.
Iqiniso libuhlungu umuntu kumele atshele abantu. Linjalo ihhovisi engathi ngizithola ngikulo.

Ngakho-ke ungasiza kanjani?

Imithandazo. Cha, angisho nje lokho ukuze ngizwakale ngiNgcwele. Kuyasiza ngempela futhi uJehova uyayizwa imithandazo yakho uma ulungile. Ngidinga imikhuleko yenu ukwenza lokhu ngokuyikho nangobuhlakani. Ithimba lezokumaketha lidinga imithandazo yenu ukuze likubeke lokhu ngendlela ezoheha labo uJehova ababizayo.
Kuleyo naleyo Newsletter kunezindlela zakho zokwabelana ngalezindatshana namaqembu akho. Isihloko samasonto adlule esimayelana nobufakazi obusha obubili beminyaka yeSabatha kungaba ngeyokwabelana nabo bonke abangani bakho ku-Facebook, Linkedin, Google nanoma iyiphi enye indlela yokuxhumana nabantu oyisebenzisayo. Lokhu kuzokwengeza abafundi abengeziwe ku-Newsletter.

Lapho sibona abantu abaningi abavula i-Newsletter futhi babelane ngayo, yilapho sizokwazi khona ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imilayezo ethakazelisayo. Uma sinabafundi abengeziwe, kulapho amakhono ethu aba ngcono khona ukuze kuxoxwe nabanye abasakazi be-TV. Ngakho sicela wabelane ngePhephandaba ngalinye. Yazi futhi ukuthi sizothena uhlu lwama-imeyili. Uma ikheli lakho lingawavuli ama-imeyili ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa sizothena uhlu. Angibheki izinombolo ezinkulu ohlwini kodwa ngifuna uhlu olusebenzayo nolunentshisekelo. Nalapha futhi, ngibe nabantu abangitshele kusukela ekushintsheni kwethu kwakamuva kuwebhusayithi entsha, ukuthi Izincwadi Zezindaba zethu kanye/noma ukuqinisekiswa kokubhalisela kuzo, zigcina zikwifolda yazo ye-SPAM. Uma ubhalisile noma ungasawatholi, sicela uqiniseke futhi uhlole amafolda akho e-SPAM. Uma namanje ungawatholi sicela uye kuwebhusayithi entsha bese ubhalisa futhi.

Ukuze sigcine ithimba lezentengiso liphila kufanele siphakele lona kanye namalungu emindeni yalo. Yilokhu abaziphilisa ngakho futhi kufanele badle. Ngakho-ke uma ungenza umnikelo wanyanga zonke kuyosisiza ukuthi sikwazi ukuhlela ukuthi singenza malini inyanga ngayinye. Yebo, ngifundisa ukuthi ungakukhiphi okweshumi ngaphandle kokuthi kumLevi onakekela ithempeli, kepha ninikele ngokuzithandela. Futhi njengoba nazi ukuthi alikho ithempeli okumelwe linikezwe nanoma yimaphi amaLevi.

Uthi uHezekeli uma sibona impi iza kufanele sibaxwayise abazalwane. Ngikwenzile lokho. Ngingakwazi ukuhamba ngazi ukuthi ngenze konke okusemandleni ami. Ungakusho lokho noma igazi lababulewe lizotholakala ezandleni zakho ngoba ubungeke usize? Impi iyeza; akukho kungabaza ngalokho. Izigidi zizofa futhi lokhu siyazi ukuthi kuyiqiniso. Ubani futhi bangaki kuncike ekutheni singazwakala kanjani. Kodwa futhi ngiyazi ukuthi kunezigidi zabanye abangakaze bezwe ngalempi ezayo noma iMinyaka YeSabatha; noma Izinsuku Ezingcwele zikaLev 23 noma iSabatha. Futhi yilabo engingathanda futhi engifuna ukubafinyelela. Kodwa manje ngidinga usizo lwakho.

Sicela usisize.

Unyaka weSabatha ngu-2016 futhi uqala ku-Aviv 1. Wonke umuntu udinga isikhathi njengoba nje wenza ukuze akufunde lokhu futhi akuqonde. Badinga isikhathi ukuze bavumele konke kucwile phakathi.

Incwadi yethu elandelayo izokuhlaba umxhwele njengezimfundiso zama-DVD. Konke esikufundile kukhomba ekubhujisweni kwe-USA ne-UK kusukela ngo-2020; maphakathi nalo Mjikelo WeJubili. Futhi sidinga ukubaxwayisa ngaphambi kwaleso sikhathi.

Ukuze sifinyelele kuzo, kuzobiza thina izigidi ukuze sifinyelele lolo hlobo lwezithameli ngesikhathi esifushane. Kodwa kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke yingakho sicela iminikelo. Angikujwayele ukwenza lokho, kodwa ngikubona kudingekile ukuze ngifeze umsebenzi futhi nabanye bakwazi ukusiza ekuhlanganyeleni lo myalezo obalulekile.

Uzosiza? Ngicela, uma iSabatha seliphelile, ngicela nisize. Yenza umnikelo ukuze sikwazi ukwenza lo mshini wokumaketha uhambe kakhulu. Ungangithumelela isheke noma uye ekhasini lethu lokupha. Kodwa lesi akukwazi ukuba isipho esisodwa nje nakuba zisiza, kodwa kufanele senze umzamo oqhubekayo weminyaka engu-7 ezayo. Ungasisiza yini ukuba senze lokho? Ngicela uthandaze ngalokhu.

Ngiyabonga.

Ngiyaphinda futhi kuleli sonto ngizocasula futhi ngihlanyise abanye benu.

Unyaka ngamunye ngizama ukungazibandakanyi emangeni eChanukah afundiswayo futhi asetshenziselwa ukuthethelela izifiso zomuntu ngamunye zokugcina lo mkhosi wezibani wamanga. Abanye, besebenzisa izaba ezifanayo ncamashi, benza kanjalo ukuze bathethelele ukugcinwa kukaKhisimusi futhi uma bevela kusizinda sase-East Indian nokugcinwa kuka-Daliwa.

Ake kucace lapha. Indaba yokuzalwa kukaYehshua emkhombeni akuyona neze inkinga yokungawugcini uKhisimusi. Yiyo yonke imigibe yobuhedeni kanye neqiniso lokuthi uYehshua wazalwa ngoMkhosi WamaCilongo hhayi ngo-Dec. 25^th yingakho iningi lethu lingasayigcini.

Mayelana nesizini ye-Chanukah. Ikona Not indaba yezenzo zobuqhawe zamaMaccabees okukhulunywa ngayo lapha. Amanga okuthi amafutha abaswa izinsuku eziyisi-8 kanye nokusonteka kwemibhalo ukuze kuthethelelwe ukugcina lo mcimbi yikho esimelene nakho. Ake sikhulume ngamaMaccabees ngoJulayi noma ngePhasika. Futhi kungukwengeza kuTorah elinye iholide elingatholakali kuLev 23.

Le nkathi yomkhosi wezibani wamanga iwumzamo wokuzenza ukukhanya kweqiniso kukaJehova ngisho nokusebenzisa imiBhalo efanayo ayisebenzisayo ekhuluma Ngaye—Ukukhanya Kweqiniso.

2Ko 11:13 kwabanjalo aba kukhona abaphostoli bamanga, izisebenzi ezikhohlisayo, beziguqula abaphostoli bakaKristu. 14 Ngisho noSathane akaziguqulanga ngokumangalisayo ingelosi yokukhanya na? 15 Ngakho Ikona akunto enkulu uma nezikhonzi zakhe beziguqula izikhonzi zokulunga ezikuphela kwazo kuyakuba njengokwemisebenzi yazo.

Sekuyisikhathi sokuthi sikuvume; kanjalo abanye benu basebenzela uSathane. Nikhetha ukulandela amasiko abantu kunezwi likaJehova. Nina “yebo kodwa…” nina ngokwenu ekuthetheleleni yonke into futhi nilwe nalabo abadalula iqiniso.
Labo kini ababekade benokholo lobuKristu futhi manje abagcina iTorah, uhlobo oluthile, bathethelela ukugcinwa kweChanukah ngokusekelwe kuJohane 10. Ngakho manje ake sikubheke.

Joh 10:22 kanye uMkhosi ekunikezelweni kwakho kwenzeka eJerusalema, futhi kwakusebusika. 23 UJesu wayehambahamba ethempelini emphemeni kaSolomoni.
Ingabe u-Yehshua wawugcina uMkhosi we-Chanukah ngomhlaka-25^th usuku lwe-9^th inyanga? Sekuyisikhathi sokuthi ufunde iqiniso. Kodwa uma senikwenzile nizokwenza “yebo kodwa…” nina ngokwenu ukuphika amaqiniso ukuze nje nizizwe kahle futhi nihlale nabanye abakhohlisiwe. Ingabe usungene shí emasikweni akho ayize kangangokuthi awusakwazi ukukhonza uthando lwakho lokuqala-ukugcina iTorah nokulalela uJehova ngokungangezi LUTHO eZwini Lakhe? Ungase ungidine manje kodwa uzoyazi impendulo yombuzo wami ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko.

Igama elithi ubusika lapha lithi;
G5494 ?????? cheim?n     khi-mone'
Kusukela ekuthathweni kwe-??? che? (ku ngoba; ngokufana nesisekelo se G5490 ngombono a isiteshi), okusho ukuthi a isiphepho (njenge ukuthululela imvula); ngokusho kwe imvula isizini, okungukuthi, ubusika: – isiphepho, isimo sezulu esibi, ubusika.

Kwakuyinkathi yemvula lapho uJeshua ehamba ethempelini legceke likaSolomoni.

Kwa-Israyeli, umjikelezo waminyaka yonke nezinkathi zawo ezine zonyaka awuphawulwanga ngokucacile njengamazwe asenyakatho yawo. Kodwa kumaJuda zonke izikhathi zonyaka zaziyisikhathi esikhethekile nesikhumbuzo sezithembiso zikaNkulunkulu, njengoba asho kuNowa “isikhathi sokuhlwanyela nokuvuna, amakhaza nokushisa, ihlobo nobusika” ( Genesise 8:22 ).
Gen 8:21 UJehova wezwa iphunga elimnandi. UJehova wathi enhliziyweni yakhe: “Angisayikuphinda ngiqalekise umhlaba ngenxa yomuntu, ngokuba imicabango yomuntu mibi kwasebusheni bakhe. futhi angisayikuphinda ngibulale konke okuphilayo njengoba ngenzile. 22 Umhlaba usekhona, ukutshala nokuvuna, amakhaza nokushisa, ihlobo nobusika, imini nobusuku akuyikunqamuka.

Nakuba iBhayibheli likhuluma ngokuqondile ngehlobo, ubusika, intwasahlobo nekwindla, kungase kusimangaze ukwazi ukuthi iBhayibheli alisho neze izinkathi ezine zonyaka, kodwa ezimbili kuphela. Igama lesiHeberu elithi “stav”, elihunyushwa namuhla ngokuthi “ikwindla,” lishiwo kanye kuphela eBhayibhelini esiHlabelelweni SeziHlabelelo “ngokuba bheka, ubusika budlulile, imvula idlulile, ayisekho…” (IsiHlabelelo 2:11) "i-stav" ikhuluma ngempela ngesikhathi sezimvula zasebusika. Igama lesiHeberu elithi “aviv”, elihunyushwa namuhla ngokuthi intwasahlobo lishiwo kabili eBhayibhelini, womabili ebhekisela esiteji sokuvuthwa kwebhali esikhundleni sonyaka. Inyanga ka-Avivi (hodesh ha'aviv) iyisikhathi lapho lokhu kuvuthwa kwebhali kwenzeka. Yebo, lena yinyanga yesiHebheru kaNissan. Akukho lapho kukhulunywa khona ngenkathi ebizwa ngokuthi intwasahlobo noma kuphi eBhayibhelini. Ngakho-ke kumelwe siphethe ngokuthi iBhayibheli liqaphela izinkathi ezimbili kuphela, ihlobo nobusika, noma njengoba abalobi beTalmud bakubeka, “izinsuku zelanga” ‘nezinsuku zemvula.

Ngezinkathi ezi-2 nje singase siqonde ukuthi inkathi yehlobo iqala lapho iBhali kuyi-Aviv futhi inyanga yokuqala isiqalile. Kule nyanga yokuqala kuyizinsuku ezingcwele zaseNtwasahlobo zePhasika nesinkwa esingenamvubelo.

Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva iqala i-7^th inyanga. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi unyaka unezinyanga eziyi-12, eziyisi-6 zasehlobo neziyisi-6 zasebusika, eziyisi-7^th inyanga iqala ebusika. Lokho 7^th inyanga iqukethe Imikhosi Yokuwa; Umkhosi Wamacilongo, Usuku Lokubuyisana kanye Nomkhosi Wamadokodo kanye Nomkhosi Wosuku Lwesishiyagalombili we-“Simchat Torah.” Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngesizini “yasebusika”.

Siyalwa ukuba sigcine imikhosi kaJehova kathathu ngonyaka.

U-Eksodusi 23:14 Ungigcinele umkhosi kathathu ngomnyaka. 15 Uzagcina umkhosi wesinkwa esingelamvubelo Isinkwa. niyakudla okungenamvubelo isinkwa izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, njengokukuyala kwami, ngesikhathi esimisiweyo senyanga ka-Abibi, ngokuba waphuma ngayo eGibithe. Futhi kayikuvela muntu phambi Kwami engaphethe lutho. 16 Nomkhosi wokuvuna, ulibo lwemisebenzi yakho, oluhlwanyele ensimini. Nomkhosi wokubutha, ekupheleni konyaka, lapho usubuthile umshikashika wakho ensimini. 17 Kathathu ngomnyaka bonke abesilisa bakho bayakubonakala phambi kweNkosi uJehova.
U-Yehshua wayengumJuda futhi wayezowugcina lo myalo. Uma engazange ayigcine ngabe wonile futhi ezenza angafaneleki ukuba nguMesiya.

Manje ake sithole umbono ofanele walokho okwenzekayo okuholela esitatimendeni esikuJohane 10 abaningi abasisebenzisayo ukuthethelela ukuyeka uKhisimusi ukuze baqale ukugcinwa kwelinye iholide elingamanga namuhla elibizwa ngokuthi iChanukah.

NgokukaJohane 7:1 Emva kwalokho uJesu wahambahamba eGalile, ngokuba wayengathandi ukuhamba eJudiya, ngokuba abaJuda babefuna ukumbulala. 2 Umkhosi wamaJuda wamadokodo wawususondele.

Njengoba siqhubeka sifunda uJohane siyabona ukuthi uJehu wayefundisa eThempelini.

NgokukaJohane 7:14 Kwathi sekuphakathi komkhosi, uJesu wenyukela ethempelini, wafundisa.
NgokukaJohane 7:28 UJesu wayesememeza ethempelini efundisa, wathi: “Niyangazi, niyakwazi nalapho ngivela khona; Futhi angizizelanga ngokwami, kodwa ongithumileyo uqinisile, eningamazi nina.
NgokukaJohane 7:37 Kwathi ngosuku lokugcina lomkhosi omkhulu uJesu wema wamemeza, wathi: “Uma ekhona owomileyo, akeze kimi, aphuze. 38 Okholwa kimi, njengokutsho kombhalo, esiswini sakhe kuzagobhoza imifula yamanzi aphilayo. 39 (Kepha wakhuluma lokhu ngoMoya ababeyakumamukela abakholwa nguye; ngokuba the UMoya oNgcwele wawungakafiki inikezwe, ngoba uJesu wayengakakhazinyuliswa.) 40 Kwathi sebezwile ilizwi, abanengi esixukwini bathi: Ngeqiniso lo ungumProfethi.
Usuku lokugcina lomkhosi wusuku lwesikhombisa. Kusenolunye futhi uSuku Olungcwele olubizwa ngokuthi Usuku Lwesishiyagalombili. Yilokhu esifunda ngakho njengoba uJohane 7 ephetha kanye noJohane isahluko. 8 iqala.
Joh 7:53 Bahamba, kwaba yilowo nalowo endlini yakhe.
NgokukaJohane 8:1 Kepha uJesu waya eNtabeni Yeminqumo. 2 Kwathi ekuseni kakhulu wabuye weza ethempelini, abantu bonke beza kuye. Wahlala phansi wabafundisa.

Kungalesi sikhathi ku- Umkhosi Wosuku Lwesishiyagalombili ukuthi sifunda ngoYehshua ngokuthi "ukukhanya kwezwe" futhi yila mazwi abaningi abazozama ukuweba futhi bawasebenzise eMkhosini weChanukah ngo-25^th we-9^th inyanga engaphandle kwengqikithi.

NgokukaJohane 8:12 UJesu wabuye wakhuluma kubo, wathi: “Mina ngiwukukhanya kwezwe. ongilandelayo kasoze ahamba ebumnyameni, kodwa woba nokukhanya kokuphila.

Kuze kube manje konke ebesikufunda kuJohane 7 no-8 kwenzeke ngesikhathi seSukkot nangosuku lwesishiyagalombili. Manje njengoba siqeda isahluko 8 kuseyi-8^th Usuku, Usuku Olungcwele lokugcina. Isahluko 9 siqhubeka kusukela esahlukweni 8 lapho uJehu edlula kulabo ababefuna ukumkhanda ngamatshe. Wathi edlula kubo wabona impumputhe. Kuseyi-8^th Usuku, kusewuSuku Olungcwele futhi useseJerusalema ngoba impumputhe yaya eChibini laseSilowama iyogeza amehlo ayo.

NgokukaJohane 8:58 UJesu wathi kubo: “Ngiqinisile, ngiqinisile ngithi kini: Ngaphambi kokuba u-Abrahama abe khona, mina ngikhona. 59 Basebedobha amatshe ukuthi bamjikijele. Kepha uJesu wacasha, waphuma ethempelini, edabula the phakathi kwabo, wadlula.
NgokukaJohane 9:1 Wathi edlula wabona umuntu owayeyimpumputhe kwasekuzalweni kwakhe. 2 Abafundi bakhe basebembuza, besithi: Rabi, ngubani owonayo, lumuntu kumbe abazali bakhe, aze azalwe eyisiphofu?

Sifunde okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu evesini 14.

Joh 9:14 Kwakuyisabatha mhla uJesu enza udaka, evula amehlo akhe.

Igama elihunyushwe ngokuthi iSabatha lapha lithi Sabbaton.
I-G4521 ?????? isabatha     sab'-bat-on

Imvelaphi yesiHebheru [H7676]; i ISabatha (leyo, iSabatha), noma usuku lwamasonto onke ukuphumula kusukela emisebenzini yezwe (futhi umkhosi noma isikhungo ngokwaso); ngokwengeza a ebusuku, okungukuthi, isikhathi esiphakathi kwamaSabatha amabili; ngokunjalo nobuningi kuzo zonke lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenhla: – isabatha (usuku), isonto.
I-Strong's ayilungile lapha. ISabbaton iyinombolo H7677. Yebo, isuka ku-7676. Kodwa kunomehluko omkhulu. 7677 igama elithi Sabbaton!

Futhi iSabbaton i high Usuku Olungcwele.

H7677 ?????? i-shabbathon     shab-baw-thone'
Kusukela H7676; ku isabatha noma iholide elikhethekile: – ukuphumula, isabatha.

U-Yehshua waphulukisa indoda eyimpumputhe ngoSuku Olungcwele Oluphakeme Losuku Lwesishiyagalombili. Sifunda ngezenzakalo nalendoda eyimpumputhe sonke iSahluko 9 futhi siqhubekela esahlukweni 10. Futhi lengxoxo iqhubeka phakathi kukaYehshua nabaFarisi kuze kube sevesini 18.

Khona-ke uJohane usitshela imiphumela yalezi zingxoxo ngenxa yokuphulukiswa kwempumputhe kwaze kwaba sevesini lapho uJohane ethi uYehshua wayehamba kuvulandi weThempeli likaSolomoni. Lokhu ukuqhubeka kwezinto ezazisanda kwenzeka ngoMkhosi Wamadokodo obizwa nangokuthi uMkhosi Wokunikela.

Joh 10:22 kanye uMkhosi ekunikezelweni kwakho kwenzeka eJerusalema, futhi kwakusebusika. 23 UJesu wayehambahamba ethempelini emphemeni kaSolomoni. 24 Ngakho abaJuda bamhaqa, bathi kuye: Koze kube nini usenza singabaze? Uma unguKristu, sitshele ngokusobala. 25 UJesu wabaphendula wathi: Ngilitshelile, kodwa kalikholwanga. Imisebenzi engiyenza egameni likaBaba waMi, ifakaza ngaMi.

Umkhosi wamadokodo, umkhosi wokuhlanjululwa njengoba wawubuye ubizwe kanjalo, wawusuphelile manje kwase kuba ngakusasa lapho abantu sebeqala ukuphindela ezindlini zabo. Kwakungalesi sikhathi ngemva kokuphela koMkhosi Wokunikela lapho amaJuda ahaqa uJehshua futhi aqhubeka nengxoxo efanayo ayekade eba nayo phakathi noMkhosi.

Lo mbono ongamanga wokuthi lokhu kubhekiselwa ku-Chanukah ngomhla ka-25^th we-9^th inyanga ayilona iqiniso iyagula. Ukwazi abaningi kangaka baye bathatha uJohane 10:22 futhi bawusonta futhi bawusebenzisa kabi njengoba benza manje- ukuze baziphendulele ngokugcina okuthile okwasungulwa abaFarisi kuyiTalmud. Lezo zinto eziseTalmud, azibhalwanga phansi kwaze kwaba ngemva kuka-200 CE esikhathini eside ngemva kokubhujiswa kweThempeli ngo-70 CE.
Ukugcinwa kwalokho namuhla okwaziwa ngokuthi Chanukah (Chanukah ngesiHeberu “Ukuzinikezela”) nokukuthethelela ngenxa kaJohane 10:22 kungamanga njengoba usanda kufunda. U-Yehshua ubengamgcini u-Chanukah ku-25^th we-9^th inyanga! Wayesanda kuqeda ukugcina uMkhosi Wokunikela, uMkhosi Wamadokodo ongomunye wamaHagi esiyalwa ukuba sikhuphukele eJerusalema futhi siwugcine.
Ake ngikunikeze okunye okumele ukucabangele.

U-Eksodusi 16:4 UJehova wayesethi kuMose: “Bheka, ngiyakuninisela isinkwa esivela ezulwini. Abantu bayakuphuma, babuthe inani elithile imihla ngemihla; ukuze ngibavivinye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayohamba eMthethweni Wami noma cha. 5 Kuyakuthi ngosuku lwesithupha balungise abakulethileyo, kube ngokuphindwe kabili kulokho abakubuthayo usuku nosuku.

Ukunikeza imana kwakuyindlela kaJehova yokuhlola abantu bakwa-Israyeli futhi abone ukuthi babeyoMlalela yini.

U-Eksodusi 16:22 Kwathi ngosuku lwesithupha babutha isinkwa esiphindwe kabili, amahomere amabili kwelinye. Zafika zonke izikhulu zenhlangano, zamtshela uMose. 23 Wasesithi kubo: Lokhu wukuthi uJehova akushilo ukuthi: Kusasa kuyisabatha elingcwele likaJehova. Bhaka lokho ozokubhaka namuhla, futhi ubilise lokho ozokubilisa. Futhi lokho okusele, kubekeleni nina ukuba kugcinwe kuze kuse. 24 Bakubeka kwaze kwasa, njengalokho ebeshilo uMose. futhi akuzange kunuke, futhi kwakungekho sibungu kuyo. 25 Wathi uMose: “Yidlani lokho namuhla. Okwanamuhla is isabatha likaJehova. namuhla aniyikuyithola endle; 26 Izinsuku eziyisithupha niyakubutha, kepha ngosuku lwesikhombisa, isabatha, akuyikubakho ngalo. 27 Futhi kwenzeka abanye abantu baphuma ngosuku lwesikhombisa ukuyobutha. Futhi abatholanga iyiphi. 28 UJehova wathi kuMose: “Niyakwala kuze kube nini ukugcina imiyalo yami nemithetho yami na? 29 Bhekani, ngokuba uJehova uninikile isabatha, ngalokho uyaninika isinkwa sezinsuku ezimbili ngosuku lwesithupha. Yilowo nalowo ahlale endaweni yakhe. Makungabikho muntu ophuma endaweni yakhe ngosuku lwesikhombisa. 30 Ngakho abantu baphumula ngosuku lwesikhombisa.

Ngokulungiselela imana ngezinsuku eziyisithupha zesonto kodwa hhayi okwesikhombisa, uJehova wayevivinya abantu baKhe. Kodwa Kanjani Wayebavivinya na? Njengoba kuphawulwe evesini 4, uJehova wayefunda “ukuthi bayohamba emthethweni waMi noma qha.” Ngabe bazokhetha OkaJehova indlela, noma okwabo indlela? Abanye bafeyila masinyane uvivinyo (amavesi 27-29).

Abantu babengasebenzi ngeSabatha, ngoba yayingekho imana elalizothathwa. Abakwenza kwakungekona ukulalela uJehova nokumkholwa. UJehova wababuza:

Koze kube nini nenqaba ukugcina imiyalo Yami nemithetho Yami?

Isonto nesonto iminyaka engu-40 uJehova wavivinya abantu ukuze abone ukuthi bazomlalela yini noma cha.

UDuteronomi 8:2 Woyikhumbula yonke indlela uJehova uNkulunkulu wakho akuholile ngayo le minyaka engamashumi amane ehlane, ukuba akuthobise, akuvivinye, azi okusenhliziyweni yakho, ukuthi uyakuyigcina imiyalo yakhe noma qha.
UDut 8:15 wakuhola ehlane elikhulu nelesabekayo, nge izinyoka ezinomlilo nawofezela nomhlabathi owomileyo, lapho kwakukhona akukho manzi owakukhiphela amanzi edwaleni lensengetsha, 16 owakudlisa imana ehlane oyihlo ababengayazi, ukuze akuthobise, akulinge, akwenzele okuhle ezweni. ukugcina kwakho, 17 ukuze ungasho enhliziyweni yakho ukuthi: ‘Amandla ami namandla ami my isandla singizuzele lomcebo. + 18 Kodwa kumelwe nimkhumbule uJehova uNkulunkulu wenu, ngoba Ikona Lowo oninika amandla okuthola ingcebo, ukuze aqinise isivumelwano sakhe asifungela okhokho benu njengoba kunjalo namuhla.

Manje sesisezinsukwini zokugcina futhi uJehova uthululele uMoya wakhe oNgcwele komunye nomunye wenu. Uphinde abeke amaSabatha Akhe phambi kwenu abe yisibonakaliso phakathi kwenu Naye, ukuze abone ukuthi nizomlalela noma cha. Uma kufanele sigcine iTorah Yakhe SIYOPHILA kuyo.

UHezekeli 20:10 Ngabakhipha ezweni laseGibhithe, ngabayisa ehlane. 11 Ngabanika izimiso zami, ngababonisa izahlulelo zami if umuntu uma enza, uyakuphila kuzo. 12 Futhi ngabanika amasabatha ami abe yisibonakaliso phakathi kwami ​​nabo, ukuthi they ngingazi ukuthi mina am uJehova owabahlukanisayo. 13 Kepha indlu yakwa-Israyeli yangihlubuka ehlane; abahambanga ngezimiso Zami, futhi badelela izahlulelo Zami, lezo if umuntu uyakwenza, uyakuphila kuzo. bawangcolisa kakhulu amasabatha ami. Futhi ngathi, I ngiyakuthulula ukufutheka kwami ​​phezu kwabo ehlane ukubachitha.

Kodwa abaningi benu bacabanga ukuthi bahlakaniphe kunoJehova. Uthuthukise izimfundiso zenkolo eziphelele mayelana ne-Chanukah ne-Yehshua. UJehova uninike amasabatha akhe futhi wonke atholakala kuLevitikusi 23. ISabatha lamasonto onke kanye nezinsuku ezingcwele. Yebo, nithi “siyazigcina lezi,” kodwa-ke abanye benu bayenqaba ukugcina uNyaka weSabatha futhi niyawuthethelela, bese nithethelela nokwengeza amanye amaholide kulawo akuLev 23.
Sisezinsukwini zokugcina futhi uJehova UYAKUHLOLA manje ukuze abone ukuthi uzomlalela yini noma cha.

UDuteronomi 4:2 Aniyikwenezela ezwini enginiyala ngalo, ninganciphisi kulo, ukuze nigcine imiyalo kaJehova uNkulunkulu wenu enginiyala ngayo.
UDut 12:32 Konke engikuyala ngakho, qaphela ukuba ukwenze. Aniyikwenezela kukho, ninganciphisi kukho.

IsAm 22:18 ngoba ngifakaza kanye n kuya wonke owezwayo amazwi esiprofetho sale ncwadi: Uma umuntu enezela kulezizinto, uNkulunkulu uyakwenezela phezu kwakhe izinhlupho ezilotshiwe kule ncwadi.

Uma unezela amanye amaholide kuLevi 23 ufaka wena nomndeni wakho engozini eziqalekisweni zikaLevi 26. Bheka futhi ukuthi uHezekeli uthini; bawangcolisa kakhulu amasabatha ami. Futhi ngathi, I ngiyakuthulula ukufutheka kwami ​​phezu kwabo ehlane ukubachitha.

Kungumbono wami oqinile ukuthi uJehova wavumela uJohane ukuba asho ukuthi “kwakuwukuzinikezela” kanye “nobusika” ukuze uJehova anivivinye kulezi zinsuku zokugcina ukuthi niyolingcolisa yini iSabatha laKhe ngokunezela kulo amanye amaholide. Ufakazela labo abazoba aMakhosi nabaPristi eMbusweni. INkosi uDavide iyobabusa phakathi neMillennium futhi iNkosi uDavide akakaze ezwe ngomkhosi we "Chanukah".

IHu 26:2 Ngihlole, Jehova, ungivivinye; hlanza inhliziyo yami nengqondo yami.

Zibonakaliseni ukuthi niyamthanda uJehova, nigcine lokho athe makugcinwe kuLevi 23 nakuLev 25. Ninganezeli kukho.

Manje funda ngokuZinikezela kwangempela uSolomoni akwenza kanye nalokho uJeshua ayegcina kukho isikhumbuzo. Kwafika UKUKHANYA KWANGEMPELA kwagcwala iThempeli. Hhayi okunye ukukhanya okukhohlisayo ekhandlelani.

1 AmaKhosi 8:1 USolomoni wabutha amalunga akwa-Israyeli, nazo zonke izinhloko zezizwe, izinhloko zawoyise babantwana bakwa-Israyeli enkosini uSolomoni eJerusalema ukuba bakhuphule umphongolo wesivumelwano sikaJehova. emzini kaDavide, okuyinto is iZiyoni. 2 Bonke abantu bakwa-Israyeli babuthana enkosini uSolomoni emkhosini wenyanga ka-Ethanimi is inyanga yesikhombisa. 3 Angena onke amalunga akwa-Israyeli, abapristi bawuthwala umphongolo. 4 Bakhuphula umphongolo kaJehova, netende lokuhlangana, nazo zonke izitsha ezingcwele ababenazo. ngamashumi etabernakele; lezo abapristi namaLevi bazikhuphula. 5 Inkosi uSolomoni nayo yonke inhlangano yakwa-Israyeli eyayibuthene kuyo, ngamashumi naye phambi komphongolo enikela ngezimvu nezinkomo ezingenakubalwa, zingenakubalwa ngobuningi bazo. 6 Abapristi bawungenisa umphongolo wesivumelwano sikaJehova endaweni yawo, endaweni engcwele yendlu, eNgcwelengcwele, phansi kwamaphiko amakherubi. 7 Ngokuba amakherubi anelukela; zabo amaphiko amabili phezu kwendawo yomkhumbi. Amakherubi asibekela umphongolo nezinti zawo ngaphezulu. 8 Zazizinde izinti, ukuze izihloko zezinti zibonakale endaweni engcwele. indawo, phambi kweNgcwelengcwele. Futhi ababonwanga ngaphandle. Futhi zikhona kuze kube namuhla. 9 Lapho kwaba lutho emphongolweni, kuphela izibhebhe ezimbili zamatshe uMose azibeke khona eHorebe, lapho uJehova ezenza isivumelwano nabantwana bakwa-Israyeli ekuphumeni kwabo ezweni laseGibithe. 10 Kwathi lapho abapristi sebephumile eNgcwelengcwele, ifu lagcwalisa indlu kaJehova. 11 Abapristi babengenakuma ukukhonza ngenxa yefu, ngokuba inkazimulo kaJehova yayigcwalise indlu kaJehova. 12 Wayesethi uSolomoni: “UJehova wathi uyakuhlala esigayegayeni. 13 Ngikwakhele nokukwakhela indlu ephakemeyo, indawo yokuhlala yakho kuze kube phakade. 14 Inkosi yasiphendulela ubuso bayo, yabusisa lonke ibandla lakoIsrayeli. Yonke inhlangano yakwa-Israyeli yema. 15 Wasesithi: Libusisiwe be UJehova, uNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli, owakhuluma ngomlomo wakhe kuDavide ubaba, wagcwalisa it ngesandla sakhe, ethi: 16 Kusukela osukwini engakhipha ngalo abantu bami u-Israyeli eGibithe angikhethanga muzi kuzo zonke izizwe zakwa-Israyeli ukuba ngakhe indlu ukuba igama lami libe kuyo. Kodwa ngakhetha uDavida ukuthi abe phezu kwabantu bami uIsrayeli. 17 Kwakukhona enhliziyweni kaDavide ubaba ukwakhela igama likaJehova uNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli indlu. 18 UJehova wathi kuDavide ubaba: ‘Ngenxa yokuthi kwakusenhliziyweni yakho ukwakhela igama lami indlu, wenze kahle ngokuthi kwakusenhliziyweni yakho lokho. 19 Kuphela awuyikwakha indlu, kepha indodana yakho eyakuphuma okhalweni lwakho yiyona eyakwakhela igama lami indlu. 20 UJehova ulifezile izwi lakhe alikhulumayo, mina ngivukile esikhundleni sikaDavide ubaba. Futhi ngihlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi sika-Israyeli, njengoba nje uJehova ethembisile. Ngalakhela indlu igama likaJehova uNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli. 21 Futhi ngine wabeka lapho indawo yomkhumbi, lapho is isivumelwano sikaJehova asenza nawobaba lapho ebakhipha ezweni laseGibithe. 22 USolomoni wema phambi kwe-altare likaJehova phambi kwebandla lonke lakwa-Israyeli, welulela izandla zakhe ngasezulwini. 23 Wathi: “Jehova, Nkulunkulu ka-Israyeli, nakhu akakho uNkulunkulu onjengawe ezulwini phezulu nasemhlabeni phansi, ogcina isivumelwano nomusa ezincekwini zakho ezihamba phambi kwakho ngayo yonke inhliziyo yazo, 24 ezigcinile encekwini yakho uDavide ubaba lokho owamthembisa khona. Futhi wakhuluma ngomlomo wakho, futhi ugcwalise ngesandla sakho, njengoba Ikona namuhla. 25 Manje, Jehova Nkulunkulu ka-Israyeli, gcina encekwini yakho uDavide, ubaba, lokho owakuthembisa kuye ngokuthi: ‘Akuyikunqunywa kuwe umuntu ohlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi sika-Israyeli phambi kwamehlo ami, amadodana aqaphele indlela yawo ukuze ahambe phambi kwami ​​njengoba uhambile phambi kwami. 26 Manje-ke, Nkulunkulu ka-Israyeli, ake liqiniseke izwi lakho, izwi owalikhuluma encekwini yakho uDavide ubaba. 27 Kodwa uNkulunkulu uzahlala emhlabeni yini? Bheka, amazulu nezulu lamazulu alinakukwanela. Kangakanani le ndlu engiyakhileyo? 28 Nokho, Jehova Nkulunkulu wami, uphendukele emkhulekweni wenceku yakho nasesicelweni sayo ukuba uzwe ukukhala nokukhuleka inceku yakho ewuthandazayo phambi kwakho namuhla; 29 ukuze amehlo akho avulekele le ndlu ubusuku nemini, endaweni owasho ngayo ukuthi: ‘Igama lami liyakuba lapho; uzwe umkhuleko inceku yakho eyakukhuleka kuyo ibhekene nale ndawo. 30 Uyakulalela ukukhala kwenceku yakho nokwabantu bakho u-Israyeli, lapho bekhuleka bebhekene nale ndawo, bezwe usezulwini, endaweni yakho yokuhlala, nalapho uzwa, uthethelele. 31 Uma umuntu ona kumakhelwane wakhe, futhi uma ethweswa isifungo sokumfungisa, futhi uma isifungo sifika phambi kwe-altare lakho kule ndlu, 32 yizwa usezulwini, wenze, wahlulele izinceku zakho, memezelani ababi uku omubi, ukwehlisela indlela yakhe ekhanda lakhe, nokuthi olungileyo athiwe ulungile, amnike njengokulunga kwakhe. 33Lapho abantu bakho u-Israyeli bechotshozwa phambi kwesitha, ngokuba bonile kuwe, bephendukela kuwe, balivume igama lakho, bakhuleke, bakhale kuwe kule ndlu, 34uzwe usezulwini, uthethelele isono sakho. abantu bakwa-Israyeli, ubabuyisele ezweni owalinika oyise. 35 Nxa izulu livalekile, imvula ingani, ngokuba bonile kuwe, uma bekhuleka bebheke kule ndawo, bevuma igama lakho, baphenduke ezonweni zabo, lapho ubahlupha, 36 yizwa usezulwini, uthethelele isono sikaJehova. izinceku zakho, nabantu bakho u-Israyeli, ngokuba uyakubafundisa indlela enhle okufanele bahambe ngayo, unise imvula ezweni lakho olinike abantu bakho ukuba libe yifa. 37 Uma kukhona indlala ezweni, uma kukhona isifo, ukuhaqa, nesikhutha, nezintethe; uma kukhona isikhonyane; uma isitha sabo sibahaqa ezweni lemizi yabo, noma yikuphi ukushaywa, noma yikuphi ukugula, 38 noma yimuphi umkhuleko, noma ikuphi ukunxusa okuvela kunoma yimuphi umuntu kubo bonke abantu bakho u-Israyeli oyokwazi, kube yilowo nalowo inhlupheko yenhliziyo yakhe, awelule izandla zakhe. 39 khona-ke yizwa usezulwini, indawo yakho yokuhlala, uthethelele, wenze, unike, kube yilowo nalowo njengazo zonke izindlela zakhe, owazi inhliziyo yakhe. Ngokuba Wena, Wena wedwa, owazi izinhliziyo zawo wonke amadodana ka-Adamu. 40 Yenza lokhu ukuba bakwesabe zonke izinsuku zokuhamba kwabo ezweni owalinika obaba. 41 Futhi mayelana nomfokazi owa is hhayi owabantu bakho u-Israyeli, kepha abaphuma ezweni elikude ngenxa yegama lakho; 42 Ngokuba bayakuzwa ngegama lakho elikhulu, nangesandla sakho esinamandla, nangengalo yakho eyeluliweyo; uma efika ekhuleka ebheke kule ndlu, 43 yizwa usezulwini, indawo yakho yokuhlala, wenze njengakho konke umfokazi akubiza ngakho, ukuze zonke izizwe zomhlaba zazi igama lakho, zikwesabe; njengabantu bakho u-Israyeli doJehova, bazi ukuthi le ndlu engiyakhileyo ibizwe ngegama lakho. 44 Uma abantu bakho bephuma ukulwa nesitha sabo, nomaphi lapho obathuma khona, bakhuleke kuJehova bebheke emzini owukhethileyo, nasendlini engiyakhele igama lakho, 45uzwe usezulwini umkhuleko wabo nomthandazo wabo. ukukhala kwabo, ubalungisele indaba yabo. 46 Uma bona kuwe (ngoba nakhu uma ubathukuthelele, ubanikele phambi kwesitha, bathunjelwe ezweni lesitha, kude noma eliseduze, 47 nokho uma becabanga ngaphakathi. ezweni lapho bethunjelwe khona, baphenduke, bakhuleke kuwe ezweni labathumbi babo, bathi: Sonile, senza okubi, senzile okubi, 48 so babuyele kuwe ngayo yonke inhliziyo yabo nangawo wonke umphefumulo wabo ezweni lezitha zabo ezabathumbayo, uma bekhuleka kuwe bebheke ezweni labo owalinika oyise, emzini owukhethileyo, nendlu engiyakhele igama lakho, 49 uzwe umkhuleko wabo nokukhala kwabo ezulwini, indawo yakho yokuhlala, ubalungisele, 50 uthethelele abantu bakho abonile kuwe zonke izono zabo abazenzileyo. ngokumelene nawe, futhi ubanike isihe phambi abathumbi babo, ukuze babe nobubele kubo. 51 Ngoba bona kukhona abantu bakho, nefa lakho owalikhipha eGibithe phakathi kwesithando sensimbi, 52 ngokuba amehlo akho ayakuvulekela umkhuleko wenceku yakho nomkhuleko wabantu bakho u-Israyeli ukuba ubalalele. kukho konke abakubiza ngakho. 53 Ngoba ubahlukanisile phakathi kwabantu bonke bomhlaba uku Ifa lakho, njengalokho wakhuluma ngesandla sikaMose inceku yakho, lapho ukhipha obaba eGibithe, Nkosi Jehova. 54 Kwathi uSolomoni eseqedile ukukhuleka wonke lo mkhuleko nokunxusa kuJehova, wasukuma phambi kwe-altare likaJehova ekuguqeni ngamadolo akhe izandla zakhe zelulelwe ezulwini. 55 Wasesukuma, wabusisa lonke ibandla lakoIsrayeli ngelizwi elikhulu, esithi: 56 Libusisiwe be UJehova, onike abantu bakhe u-Israyeli ukuphumula njengakho konke akuthembisileyo. akuphuthanga nezwi elilodwa kuzo zonke izithembiso zakhe ezinhle azikhulumayo ngesandla sikaMose inceku yakhe. 57 Kwangathi uJehova uNkulunkulu wethu angaba nathi njengoba ayenabokhokho bethu. + Kangasishiyi + futhi angasishiyi + 58 ukuze athambekisele izinhliziyo zethu kuye + ukuze sihambe ezindleleni zakhe zonke + futhi sigcine imiyalo yakhe + nezimiso zakhe + nezahlulelo zakhe + ayala ngazo okhokho bethu. 59 Lawa mazwi ami engikhuleke ngawo phambi kukaJehova makabe seduze noJehova uNkulunkulu wethu imini nobusuku, ukuze alungisele inceku yakhe, ahlulele abantu bakhe u-Israyeli usuku ngalunye ngosuku lwalo, 60 ngokuba bonke abantu bomhlaba bayazi ukuthi uJehova is uNkulunkulu; nakhu akekho omunye. 61 Inhliziyo yenu mayiphelele kuJehova uNkulunkulu wethu ukuba nihambe ngezimiso zakhe, nigcine imiyalo yakhe njenganamuhla. 62 Inkosi no-Israyeli wonke kanye nayo banikela ngomhlatshelo phambi kukaJehova. 63 USolomoni wanikela ngomhlatshelo weminikelo yokuthula, awunikela kuJehova, izinkabi eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nambili nezimvu eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amabili. Ngakho inkosi nabo bonke abantwana bakwa-Israyeli bangcwelisa indlu kaJehova. 64 Ngalolo suku inkosi yangcwelisa ingaphakathi legceke phambi kwendlu kaJehova. Ngokuba wayenikele khona umnikelo wokushiswa, nomnikelo wokudla, namanoni eminikelo yokuthula; ngoba i-altare lethusi phambi kukaJehova kwaba incane kakhulu ukuba ingene umnikelo wokushiswa, nomnikelo wokudla, namanoni eminikelo yokuthula. 65 Ngaleso sikhathi uSolomoni wagubha umkhosi, wonke u-Israyeli enaye, ibandla elikhulu, kusukela ekuyeni eHamati kuze kube semfuleni waseGibithe, phambi kukaJehova uNkulunkulu wethu, izinsuku eziyisikhombisa nezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, izinsuku eziyishumi nane. 66 Ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili wabamukisa abantu. Bayibusisa inkosi, baya ematendeni abo bejabula, bethokoza ngenhliziyo ngakho konke okuhle uJehova akwenzile kuDavide inceku yakhe naku-Israyeli abantu bakhe.

The I-Talmud (/?t??lm?d, -m?d, ?tæl-/; Hebrew: ????????? khuluma?d "ukufundisa, ukufunda", kusukela ku-a izimpande lmd “fundisa, funda”) iwumbhalo ophakathi koRabi baphuma ebuJudeni. Kuphinde kubizwe ngokwesiko ngokuthi Shas (????), a Hebrew isifinyezo se shisha sedarim, "ama-oda ayisithupha". ITalmud inezingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye yokuqala yi- IMishnah (ngesiHeberu: ????, c. 200 CE), iqoqo elilotshiwe lobuJuda I-Oral Torah (iTorah esho ukuthi “Isiyalezo”, “Ukufundisa” ngesiHebheru). Ingxenye yesibili yi- Gemara (c. 500 CE), ukucaciswa kweMishnah nezinye ezihlobene nayo IsiTannaitic imibhalo evame ukungena kwezinye izifundo futhi ichasise kabanzi IBhayibheli lamaJuda. Amagama I-Talmud futhi Gemara zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana, nakuba uma sikhuluma lokho akulona iqiniso.

I-Talmud yonke inamapheshana angama-63, futhi ngokuphrinta okuvamile kunamakhasi angaphezu kuka-6,200 ubude. Kubhalwe ku Isi-Tannaitic isiHebheru futhi Isi-Aramu. I-Talmud iqukethe izimfundiso nemibono yezinkulungwane zorabi ngezihloko ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise IHalakha (umthetho), Izimiso zokuziphatha zamaJuda, ifilosofi, amasiko, umlando, umlando kanye nezinye izihloko eziningi. I-Talmud iyisisekelo sawo wonke amakhodi we Umthetho wamaJuda futhi kucashunwe kakhulu ku izincwadi zorabi.
Ekuqaleni, umfundaze wamaJuda wawudluliselwa ngomlomo. Orabi bachaza futhi baphikisana ngeTorah (iTorah ebhaliwe evezwe eBhayibhelini lamaJuda) futhi baxoxa I-Tanakh ngaphandle kwenzuzo yemisebenzi ebhaliwe (ngaphandle kwezincwadi zeBhayibheli ngokwazo), nakuba abanye bengase babhale amaphuzu ayimfihlo (megillot setarim), isibonelo sezinqumo zenkantolo. Nokho, lesi simo sashintsha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokubhujiswa komphakathi wamaJuda kanye nezwe Ithempeli Lesibili ngonyaka ka-70 CE kanye nokuntengantenga kwezinkambiso zezenhlalo nezomthetho zamaJuda. Njengoba oRabi kwakudingeka babhekane neqiniso elisha—ikakhulukazi inkolo yobuJuda engenaThempeli (ukuze isebenze njengesikhungo sokufundisa nokufunda) neJudiya ngaphandle kokuzimela okungenani okuyingxenye—kwaba khona uhide lwezinkulumo ezingokomthetho futhi isimiso esidala sokufunda ngomlomo sasingakwazi. zinganakekelwa. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho inkulumo yoRabi yaqala khona ukulotshwa khona.[1][2] I-Torah yomlomo yokuqala eqoshiwe kungenzeka ukuthi kwakungeye- i-midrash ifomu, lapho i-halakhic ingxoxo ihlelwe njenge i-exegetical ukuphawula ku IPentateuch. Kodwa enye indlela, eyayihlelwe yizihloko esikhundleni sevesi leBhayibheli, yaba namandla cishe ngonyaka ka-200 CE, lapho uRabi. UJudah haNasi ilungiswe kabusha i IMishnah.

I-Oral Torah yayikude kakhulu i-monolithic; kunalokho, kwakuhlukahluka phakathi kwezikole ezihlukahlukene. Ababili abadume kakhulu kwakuyiSikole se Shammai kanye neSikole se UHillel. Ngokuvamile, yonke imibono esebenzayo, ngisho naleyo engeyona evamile, yabhalwa kuyi-Talmud.

Njengoba ungase ubone iTalmud ayizange ilotshwe phansi kwaze kwaba ngemva kuka-200 CE Lokho kungaphezu kweminyaka engu-170 ngemva kokubulawa kukaYehshua. Manje ake sifunde ukuthi iTalmud ithini ngokugcinwa kweChanukah.

Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Shabbat, ikhasi 21b  
ORabi bethu bafundisa: Umyalo weChanukah udinga ukukhanya okukodwa kumuzi ngamunye; abashisekayo bakhanyisela ilungu ngalinye lomndeni; futhi abashiseka ngokwedlulele - Beit Shammai ugcina: Ngosuku lokuqala izibani eziyisishiyagalombili ziyakhanyiswa futhi ngemva kwalokho zincishiswa kancane kancane [ngolunye usuku ngalunye]; kodwa uBeit Hillel uthi: Ngosuku lokuqala kuyakhanyiswa futhi ngemva kwalokho bayanda ngokuqhubekayo. U-Ulla wathi: ENtshonalanga [Eretz Yisrael] amoraim amabili, R. Jose b. U-Abin kanye no-R. Jose b. UZebida, wehluka ngalokhu: omunye umi kwelokuthi, ukucabanga kweBeit Shammai ukuthi kufanele kuhambisane nezinsuku ezisazofika, kanye neBeit Hillel ukuthi izohambisana nezinsuku ezidlulile. Kodwa omunye umi kwelokuthi: Isizathu sikaBeit Shamayi siwukuthi siyakufanelana nezinkunzi zomkhosi [Wamadokodo; okungukuthi i-Sukkot], kuyilapho isizathu sika-Beit Hillel siwukuthi siyanda ezindabeni zobungcwele kodwa asinciphi.

Rabba b. UBarhana wathi: Kukhona amaxhegu amabili eSidoni: enye yenza njengeBeti Shamayi enye njengeBeti-Hileli: eyokuqala yabeka isizathu sesenzo sayo ukuthi kufanele ifane nezinkunzi zoMkhosi, kanti lena yokugcina yasho isizathu sayo ngoba sikhuthaza [ezindabeni] zobungcwele kodwa asinciphisi.

ORabi bethu bafundisa: Kuyisibopho ukubeka isibani seChanukah ngasemnyango wendlu yomuntu ngaphandle; uma umuntu ehlala ekamelweni eliphezulu, alibeke efasiteleni eliseduze nomgwaqo. Kodwa ngezikhathi zengozi kwanele ukuyibeka etafuleni. URaba uthe: Kudingeka esinye isibani ukuze kusetshenziswe ukukhanya kwaso, nokho uma kunomlilo ovuthayo akudingekile. Kodwa endabeni yomuntu obalulekile, ngisho noma kunomlilo ovuthayo kuyadingeka esinye isibani.

Siyini isizathu se-Chanukah? Ngoba oRabi bethu bafundisa: Ngomhla zingama-25 kuKislev kuqala izinsuku zeChanukah, eziyisishiyagalombili, lapho ukulilela abafileyo nokuzila kungavunyelwe. Ngokuba lapho amaGreki engena ethempelini, angcolisa wonke amafutha angaphakathi, kwathi lapho ubukhosi bakwaHasmonean bunqoba futhi babahlula, [amaHasmonean] afuna, athola isitsha samafutha esisodwa kuphela esinophawu lomPristi Ophakeme, eyayiqukethe amafutha anele okukhanyisa kosuku olulodwa kuphela; nokho kwenzeka isimangaliso lapho, basikhanyisa [isibani] izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili. Ngonyaka olandelayo lezi zinsuku zamiswa uMkhosi wokuphindaphinda kweHallel nokubonga.

Khona lapho endaweni engenalutho kunamanga okuthi lokhu kukhanya kwahlala kukhanyisiwe izinsuku ezingu-8. Manje qhathanisa lokhu nalokho elikushoyo kumaMaccabees. Isimangaliso seChanukah asizange senzeke. Yakhiwa kusukela kuTalmud.

[Incwadi Yesibili kaMaccabees 1:1-9 kanye 10:1-8]
Abazalwane abangamaJuda eJerusalema kanye nalabo abasezweni laseJudiya, kubafowabo abangamaJuda eGibhithe: Ukubingelela nokuthula okuhle.
Kwangathi uNkulunkulu angenzele okuhle, futhi kwangathi uNkulunkulu angakhumbula isivumelwano sakhe no-Abrahama, no-Isaka, noJakobe, izinceku zakhe ezithembekile. Kwangathi anganipha yonke inhliziyo yokumkhulekela nokwenza intando yakhe ngenhliziyo eqinile nangomoya ovumayo. Kwangathi angayivula inhliziyo yakho emthethweni wakhe nasemiyalweni yakhe, futhi kwangathi alethe ukuthula. Kwangathi angayizwa imithandazo yakho, abuyisane nawe, angakushiyi ngesikhathi sobubi. Manje sithandazela wena lapha.
Ekubuseni kukaDemetriyu, ngonyaka wekhulu namashumi ayisithupha nesishiyagalolunye, thina maJuda sanibhalela sisosizini olunzima olwasehlela kuleyo minyaka ngemva kokuba uJasoni neqembu lakhe behlubuka ezweni elingcwele nasembusweni bashisa isango futhi bachitha igazi elingenacala. Sayincenga iNkosi sazwiwa, sanikela ngomhlatshelo nomnikelo wempuphu futhi sakhanyisa izibani, sabeka izinkwa. Bhekani-ke ukuba nigcine umkhosi wamadokodo ngenyanga kaKislev, ngomnyaka we-188.

Manje uMaccabeus nabalandeli bakhe, iNkosi eyayibahola, balibuyisa iThempeli nomuzi futhi badiliza nama-altare ayewakhiwe esigcawini ngabafokazi, futhi babhidliza nezindawo ezingcwele. Bahlanza indlu engcwele futhi benza elinye i-altare lomhlatshelo. Base beqhumisa umlilo ensengetsha, banikela ngemihlatshelo emva kweminyaka emibili, bashisa impepho, bakhanyisa izibani, babeka isinkwa sobukhona. Sebekwenzile lokho bawa ngobuso, bamncenga uJehova ukuba bangabe besawela ebubini obunjalo, kodwa ukuthi uma kwenzeka bona, bakhuzwe nguye ngesineke futhi banganikelwa ezizweni ezihlambalazayo neziyiziqaba. Kwathi ngalolo suku okwangcoliswa ngalo indlu engcwele ngabafokazi, kwahlanjululwa+ indawo engcwele, okungukuthi, ngosuku lwama-25 lukaKislevi. Bawugubha izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili ngokujabula njengomkhosi wamadokodo, bekhumbula ukuthi esikhathini esingengakanani ngaphambili, phakathi noMkhosi Wamadokodo, babezulazula ezintabeni nasemihumeni njengezilwane zasendle. Ngakho bethwele imichilo yomuthi namagatsha amahle namahlamvu esundu, badumisa yena owaphumelelisa ukuhlanjululwa kwendlu yakhe engcwele. Bakhipha isimemezelo ngomthetho, bavota ukuthi sonke isizwe samaJuda kufanele sigcine lezi zinsuku minyaka yonke.

Kulabo abafuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngalokhu nginiphathele izihloko ezilandelayo.
UMkhosi Wezibani; Ingabe kufanele sibhekane nalokhu futhi?
Hochen a Hanukah Hair Ball
I-Chanukah I-Mithraism nokuthi Kungani Udinga Ukuphinde Ubhapathizwe
I-Chanukah kanye Namasiko Ayo Amaqaba
Iqiniso elifihliwe nguChanukah

Nginesihloko esilandelayo esivela ku-Eddy Chumney. Ngifuna uqaphele ukuthi naye ubiza uMkhosi “wokunikela” ngoMkhosi Wamadokodo.
http://www.mayimhayim.org/Festivals/Feast9.htm

"Ngosuku lweshumi nanhlanu lwaleyo nyanga yesikhombisa kungumkhosi wamadokodo izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuJehova” (Levitikusi [IVayikra]) 23:34 NAS). Kumelwe nigubhe umkhosi wamadokodo izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemva kokubuthwa kwenu [ukubuthwa, KJV] esibuyeni sakho nasesikhamweni sakho sewayini (Duteronomi [I-Devarim] 16:13 NKJV).

I-Sukkot, ngokuvamile elihunyushwa ngokuthi “amaTabernakele,” noma umkhosi “waMadokodo,” uba izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, kusukela ku-Tishrei 15 kuya ku-21. Ngakho-ke kuba noshintsho olusheshayo olusuka emaholidini aphakeme, nesimo sawo esidabukile sokuphenduka nokwahlulela, siye eholidini. yokuthokoza nokugubha, abantu bayalwa ukuba bakhe iqhugwane [suka; ubuningi, sukkot) futhi bawenze ikhaya labo. I-Torah ikhomba suka (idokodo) nezindawo zokuhlala zesikhashana ama-Israyeli ayehlala kuzo ehlane ngemva kokuphuma eGibhithe lapho eya eZweni Lesithembiso (Levitikusi [IVayikra23:42).

Kusukela I-Yom Kippur kuya I-Sukkot

Hhayi nje kwaqondana, isikhathi esifanayo siphawula ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwe-G-d's suka, lo imishkan, indawo engcwele ehlane (Eksodusi [UShemot25:8-9). Ku-Eksodusi 25:9, igama Itabernakele yizwi imishkan ngesiHebheru. Ngokwesiko, uMose (UMose) waphinde wenyuka eNtabeni iSinayi izinsuku ezingu-40 nobusuku obungu-XNUMX ukuze athole isethi yesibili yezibhebhe futhi ehlela phezu kwawo. I-Yom Kippur, ewathwala njengophawu lokuthethelela kuka-Israyeli u-Israyeli ngesono sethole legolide, futhi njengophawu lwesivumelwano esiphakade phakathi kuka-Nkulunkulu no-Israyeli (Eksodusi [UShemot] 24:12-18; 34:1-2; 27-28). Ngosuku olulandelayo uMose (UMose) idlulisele imiyalelo ye-G-d yokwakha imishkan - indawo yokuhlala. Izinto zalesi sakhiwo esiphathekayo zaqoqwa phakathi nezinsuku ezandulele I-Sukkot, kwase kuqalwa umsebenzi phezu kwayo (i imishkan noma itabernakele) (Eksodusi [UShemot] 35; 36:1-7).
Kungani kwaba imishkan kwakhiwe? I-Torah ithi, “Mabangenzele indlu engcwele, ukuze ngihlale phakathi kwabo” (Eksodusi [UShemot] 25:8); ukuze amise ubudlelwano phakathi kukaNkulunkulu no-Israyeli, uNkulunkulu wayezohlala phakathi kwabantu. Ngakho-ke i imishkan, itabernakele ehlane, layalwa ukuba lakhelwe uNkulunkulu ukuze Ahlale nabantu Bakhe.

The Sukkah kanye namafu eNkazimulo

The Sukkah kusikhumbuza ngamafu enkazimulo ahaqa uIsrayeli phakathi nokuzulazula ogwadule endleleni eya eZweni Lesithembiso. Wonke umuntu wabe esebona isivikelo esikhethekile sikaNkulunkulu uNkulunkulu asinikeza uIsrayeli kuleyo minyaka enzima. Njengoba kulotshiwe ku-Eksodusi (UShemot13:21, “UJehova wayehamba phambi kwabo ngensika yefu emini ukubahola endleleni, nangensika yomlilo ebusuku ukubakhanyisela, ukuze bahambe emini nasebusuku.” (NAS).
Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). UNkulunkulu wayefisa ukuba itabernakele ehlane lakhiwe ngoba wayefuna ukuhlala nabantu Bakhe (Eksodusi [UShemot29:44-45. Ngokomoya, lelitabernakele lenyama lanikezwa uNkulunkulu ukuba asifundise futhi asiyalele ukuthi ufisa ukuphila nokuhlala nabantu Bakhe ngoMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh) ( 1 Korinte 6:19; 2 Korinte 6:1 ). Amafu amele amakholwa ku Yebo ( Heberu 12:1; IsAmbulo 1:7 )

I-Sukkot: Amagama, Izindikimba, nezisho

1. Isikhathi Senjabulo Yethu
2. Umkhosi Wokubutha
3. Umkhosi Wezizwe
4. Umkhosi Wokunikela
5. Umkhosi Wezibani

Ukuqonda I-Sukkot: Umkhosi Wamadokodo

Umkhosi Wamadokodo (I-Sukkot) uqeda imikhosi engcwele yenyanga yesikhombisa. Ngokuphambene nethoni epholile ye Rosh HaShanah futhi uSuku Lokuhlawulela, umkhosi wesithathu kaTishreyi kwakuyisikhathi senjabulo. U-Israyeli wayesedlulile enkathini yokuphenduka nokuhlengwa.

I-Sukkot ibizwa ngokuthi “Inkathi Yenjabulo Yethu.” Isizathu esisodwa I-Sukkot kwaba yisikhathi senjabulo ukuthi emva kwenkathi yokuphenduka (Teshuvah) kanye nokuhlengwa kwe I-Yom Kippur kwafika injabulo yokwazi ukuthi izono zakho zithethelelwe kanye nenjabulo yokuhamba noNkulunkulu, ukwazi uNkulunkulu, kanye nokulalela uNkulunkulu. Ngokomlando, I-Sukkot ikhumbula izinsuku ehlane laseSinayi ngemva kokuphuma eGibhitheMitzayim). Ngokwayo yonke imithetho yemvelo, bona (ama-Israyeli) kwakufanele babhubhe, kodwa esikhundleni salokho bavikelwa uNkulunkulu. Ngokwesiprofetho, I-Sukkot umkhosi ofundisa ngoMbuso KaMesiya nenjabulo yalowo Mbuso.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili kule ncwadi, igama lesiHeberu chag livela egameni lesiHebheru eliyimpande chaga, okusho “ukuhamba uyisiyingi, ukumasha ngodwendwe olungcwele, ukugubha noma ukusina.” Injabulo ye I-Sukkot yayinkulu kangangokuthi yaziwa ngokuthi “Idili.” Emibuthanweni yabangewona amaJuda, I-Sukkot waziwa ngokuthi uMkhosi Wamadokodo. Igama Itabernakele isho indawo yokuhlala yesikhashana, okuyinhloso ye suka.

Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). The suka noma idokodo, lifanekisela isidingo somuntu sokuthembela kuNkulunkulu ukuze amnike ukudla, amanzi, kanye nendawo yokuhlala. Lokhu kuyiqiniso nasendaweni kamoya. Idokodo lingumzimba wenyama, okuyindawo yokuhlala yesikhashana yemiphefumulo yethu nemimoya yethu (1 Korinte 6:19-20). Sidinga ukudla okunikezwa iZwi likaNkulunkulu ( Mathewu 6:11; 4:4; Johane 6:33-35 ); ukuhlanzwa, ukugezwa, kanye nokugeza okulethwa yiZwi likaNkulunkulu ezimpilweni zethu (Kwabase-Efesu 5:26); kanye nesivikelo sikaNkulunkulu ezimpilweni zethu komubi (Mathewu 6:13; AmaHubo [I-Tehillim] 91). Izidingo zethu zenyama ziyohlinzekwa ngu Nkulunkulu uma simfuna ngokomoya (Mathewu [Mattityahu6:31-33).

Ukugcinwa kwe I-Sukkot kuchazwe kuLevitikusi (IVayikra) 23:40-41 singabonakala kuNehemiya (uNehemiya) isahluko 8. Izindawo zokuhlala zesikhashana noma amadokodo achazwa njengengxenye yomkhosi. Lokhu kuyisikhumbuzo lapho abantwana bakwa-Israyeli behlala emadokodweni ngesikhathi sabo ehlane.IVayikra23:43).

U-Isaya wakhuluma nge suka ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:4-6. Umthetho waphezulu uthi emva kokwahlulela, I-Yom Kippur ( Isaya 4:4 ) uyeza I-Sukkot (Isaya [Yeshayahu4:5-6). Umyalo wokuthokoza ngalesi sikhathi unikezwe kuDuteronomi (I-Devarim) 16:13-15.
A suka yindawo yokuhlala yesikhashana. EmaKhosini Okuqala (Melakhim) 8:27 (NAS), ekunikezelweni kwethempeli likaSolomoni phakathi nomkhosi ka I-Sukkot, uSolomoni uyabuza, “Ingabe ngempela uNkulunkulu uyohlala emhlabeni?”

ImiBhalo isho njalo Yebo waba yinyama wahlala (itabernakele) phakathi kwethu (uJohane [Yochanan1:14). Weza emhlabeni ekufikeni Kwakhe kokuqala futhi wahlala isikhashana phakathi kwabantu.

Isembozo se Sukkah

I-Sukkot kuyisikhumbuzo sesikhathi ehlane lapho uNkulunkulu evikela, ehola, futhi esekela abantwana bakwa-Israyeli ehlane. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwasehlane kwakuyisithombe seMillennium ngoba kwakukhona indawo engaphezu kwemvelo yabantu ehlane. Isimbozo kwakuyifu (Eksodusi [UShemot] 13:17-22; 14:16-20; 16:10; 19:1,9,16, 24, 12; 16:40-1; 2,35:38-1-10). Lokhu kwaziwa ngokomoya njengokucwiliswa (ubhapathizo) efwini (1 Korinte 2:6-1; KumaHeberu 2:XNUMX-XNUMX). Ifu laliyisiphephelo nesivikelo emini, futhi laliyinsika yomlilo ebusuku. Kwakuyimfudumalo, ukukhanya, nokuvikelwa.

Ukuqonda Okungokomoya (Halacha). Ifu lalibonakala njenge chupah, umpheme womshado. KuDaniyeli 7:13 kulotshiwe ukuthi, “...iNdodana yomuntu yeza namafu ezulu…” Lokhu kuphinde kukhulunywe ngakho kusAmbulo 1: 7-8 kanye noJude 14. Lapha sibona ukuthi amafu angamakholwa kuMesiya noma abalungile (tzaddikim). Okufanayo kungabonakala kumaHeberu 12:1. Bheka futhi u-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 60:8 kanye neZenzo 1:9-12.

Khumbula; ifu alibhekiseli kuphela kwabakholwayo kuMesiya, kodwa futhi lalibonakala njenge chupah, umpheme womshado. Ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:2, ikhuluma ngegatsha leNkosi. Lokhu kuchazwa ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 11:1 njengokuba Yebo. Ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 11:1, igama lesiHeberu i-netser kuyisimo sowesilisa esihunyushwa ngokuthi “igatsha.” Ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:2, igama lesiHeberu elihunyushwe ngokuthi igatsha lithi zemach, engathathi hlangothi. Siyabona kulokhu ukuthi umshado uyenziwa. Lokhu kucace kakhulu kuJeremiya (Yermiyahu) 23:5-6; 33:15-16.

Ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu4:5 kulotshiwe ukuthi, “…ngokuba phezu kwenkazimulo yonke kuyakuba khona isivikelo [chupah, noma umbhede womshado].” Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:2-6 uhlanganisa igatsha evesini 23 nefu emavesini 5-6 kanye nomsebenzi owenziwa ehlane. U-Isaya ukhuluma ngokuthi lokhu kwakuyokwenzeka kanjani phakathi noMbuso KaMesiya (Isaya [Yeshayahu] 2:2-4; 4:2-3). Labo abalotshwe phakathi kwabaphilayo eJerusalema (eJerusalema) amagama abo empeleni alotshwe eNcwadini Yokuphila yeWundlu (IsAmbulo 3:5; 13:8; 20:12,15, 21; 27:4; Filipi 3:12; Daniyeli 1:XNUMX; AmaHubo [I-Tehillim] 69:28; Eksodusi [UShemot32:31-33).

Ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:2, likhuluma ngesithelo somhlaba nalabo abasindile. I-Sukkot (Amadokodo) waziwa ngokuthi umkhosi wokubutha nokuvuna izithelo. KusAmbulo 7:9-17, singabona labo abedlule enkathini yosizi olukhulu (imihelo yokuzalwa kaMesiya noma Chevlai shel Mashiach) nabakholwa kuMesiya ngaleso sikhathi ( IsAmbulo 7:14 ). KusAmbulo 7:15, “bahlala” nabo.

Leli gama lesiGreki, sk'enos, lisho “itabernakele, idokodo, umpheme, noma isembozo.” Lokhu kuyavela futhi kusAmbulo 21:3. Leli gama elifanayo, elithi sk'enos, elisho “itabernakele” noma “idokodo” ngesiGreki, lisetshenziselwa ukukhuluma Yebo ekufikeni Kwakhe kokuqala (uJohane [Yochanan1:14). Phawula isivikelo esinikezwe kusAmbulo 7:16, esihambisana no-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:5-6, kanye nomthombo wamanzi aphilayo kusAmbulo 7:17 no-21:4. Ku-Isaya (Yeshayahu) 4:3, kulotshiwe ukuthi “Osala eSiyoni, nosala eJerusalema, kuthiwe ungcwele…” (bheka futhi uZakariya 14:4,6-9,16). -17,20-21). Labo ababizwa “ngobungcwele kuJehova” kuZakariya 14:20 bangabantu abafanayo ku-Isaya 4:3 ababizwa ngokuthi bangcwele.

Amafu asehlane abizwa ngokuthi “amafu enkazimulo” kanti okuhlangenwe nakho kwasehlane kuwumfanekiso wenkathi ezayo kaMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane. I suka yakhelwe ukufundisa nokuqonda ukubusa kweminyaka eyinkulungwane kukaMesiya, inkathi kaMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane, noma Athid Lavo nge-eschatology yesiHeberu.

Ukuqonda Incazelo Yamadokodo/Amadokodo
Igama lesiHeberu elisho itabernakele lithi suka. Lisho “idokodo, idokodo, isembozo, inkundla noma itende.” Igama lesiGreki elisho itabernakele lithi sk'e, okusho futhi “itende, iqhugwane, noma indawo yokuhlala.”

Sinalokhu engqondweni, ake sibheke umongo igama elithi ngawo Itabernakele lisetshenziswa eSivumelwaneni Esisha (Brit Hadashah).

1. Yebo itabernakele (sukkot) phakathi kwethu (uJohane [Yochanan1:14).
2. Peter (I-Kefawakhuluma ngomzimba wakhe uyitabernakele (2 Petru [I-Kefa1:13-14).
3. Umphostoli uPawulu (Rav Sha'ul) wasitshela ukuthi imizimba yethu yasemhlabeni yayiyizindlu zasemhlabeni noma amadokodo (2 Korinte 5:1-5).
4. Itabernakele likaMose (UMose) kwakuyitende lokuhlala ( IzEnzo 7:44; KumaHeberu 9:2-8 ).
5. Abrahama (U-Avraham), Isaka (Yitzchak) kanye noJakobe (U-Ya'akov) ehlala ematabernakele (amatende) ( Hebheru 11:8-9 ).
6. Itabernakele likaDavide laliyitende noma indawo yokuhlala (Izenzo 15:16; Amose 9:11). Lelitabernakele laliyithempeli likaSolomoni (1 AmaKhosi [Melakhim] 5:2-5; 8:1-21).
7. Yebo wangena ethempelini ngomkhosi we I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) (uJohane [Yochanan7:2,27-29).
8. IBhayibheli likhuluma ngetabernakele lasezulwini ( Hebheru 8:1-2; IsAmbulo 13:6; 15:5 ). Lelitabernakele lasezulwini liyofika emhlabeni (IsAmbulo 21:1-3).
9. Yebo laliyitabernakele leqiniso likaNkulunkulu (KumaHeberu 9:11).

Ngakho, idokodo noma suka kwakuyindawo yokuhlala yesikhashana. Ngokomlando, kwakuwukukhumbuza abantu ngokuphuma kwabo eGibhithe (EMitzrayim) njengoba kuchazwe kuLevitikusi (IVayikra) 23:42-43. Ngokwesiprofetho, i suka likhomba esikhathini esizayo enkathini kaMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane. Ngokomoya, a suka kufanele kusikhumbuze ukuthi singabafokazi nezihambi emhlabeni, lokhu kuyindawo yokuhlala yesikhashana. Ngakho-ke okholwa kuMesiya uyisihambi nesihambi kulomhlaba (Hebheru 11:8-10,13-16;Bereishit] 23:3-4; 47:9; 1 IziKronike [Divery Hayamim] 29:10,15, XNUMX; Ihubo (I-Tehillim) 39:12; 119:19; 1 Petru [I-Kefa] 1:17; 2:11).

Kokholwayo ku Yebo, imizimba yethu yasemhlabeni iyitabernakele lesikhashana. Ekufikeni kukaMesiya, siyothola indlu entsha nesezulwini, umzimba okhazimulayo (1 Korinte 15:39-44,51-57; 2 Korinte 5:6; 1 Thesalonika 4:15-18).

Umkhosi Wokubutha

I-Sukkot (Amadokodo) umkhosi wokuvuna ekwindla. Iqala ngolweshumi nanhlanu lwenyanga yesiHeberu uTishrei futhi iphetha ngolweshumi nambili Shemini Atzeret/Simchat Torah, ebizwa nangokuthi usuku lwesishiyagalombili, ukuthokoza eMthethweni. Shemini Atzeret isebenza njengesiphetho se I-Sukkot, kodwa futhi kuwumkhosi ohlukile (lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho esahlukweni esilandelayo).

Njengeminye imikhosi yokuvakasha, I-Sukkot [amatabernakele] anesici sezolimo. Kuphawula isikhathi sokuvuna, ukuqoqwa kokugcina komkhiqizo ngaphambi kobusika obuzayo. Ngakho-ke, ibizwa nangokuthi Hag HaAsif, umkhosi wokubutha. Njengoba kulotshiwe ukuthi: “Uzawugcina umkhosi wokubutha ekupheleni komnyaka, lapho ubutha umshikashika wenu ensimini.”UShemot23:16).

I-Sukkot yisikhathi sokubuthwa kwesivuno samasimu, nesivande, nesivini. Iziphala, nezibuya, nezikhamo zewayini nezeminqumo kugcwele kugcwele. Amasonto nezinyanga zokukhandleka nokujuluka okufakwa emhlabathini ekugcineni kuye kwavuzwa kakhulu. Umlimi uzizwa ejabule futhi ejabule. Akumangalisi I-Sukkot ngu-Inkathi Yenjabulo.” Nakuba zonke lezi zinsuku ezintathu zokuvakasha ziyizikhathi zenjabulo, I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) aqokwe ngokuqondile ngokuthi Zeman simchatenu, inkathi yokujabula kwethu.

Ushpizin

s ingxenye ye Hachnasat Orechim, lo mitzvah wokungenisa izihambi, kukhona isiko lokumema ushpizin, izivakashi ezingokomfanekiso, usuku ngalunye ukujoyina (umndeni) ku Sukkah. Lezi zivakashi ezihloniphekile ngu-Abrahama (U-Avraham), Isaka (Yitzchak), uJakobe (U-Ya'akov), uJosefa (UJoseph), uMose (UMose, Aaron (U-Ahrahon), kanye noDavide. Kumenywa oyedwa usuku ngalunye.

Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili; I-Sukkot (Amadokodo) ubizwa ngokuthi uMkhosi Wokubutha. Yebo wasitshela ukuthi ukuvuna kumela ukuphela kwezwe (Olam Hazeh). Lokhu kutholakala ku (Mathewu [Mattityahu] 13:39; IsAmbulo 14:15; UJoweli [I i3:13). Ukuvuna kubhekisela ikakhulukazi kubantu abakhetha ukwamukela uMesiya Yebo ezinhliziyweni nasezimpilweni zabo (Mathewu [Mattityahu9:35-38; Luka 10:1-2; UJohane [Yochanan] 4:35-38; (Funda isAmbulo 14:14-18.) U-Gd ubuthela ndawonye amaJuda nabangemaJuda ukuze bamukele uMesiya Yebo ezimpilweni zabo. Iningi labantu emhlabeni alizange likwamukele Yebo ezimpilweni zabo futhi basesigodini sesinqumo (Joweli [I i3:13-14). Siyini isinqumo sakho? Nizomemukela yini uMesiya Yebo empilweni yakho?

Jeremiya (Yermiyahu) lusizi kubantu ababengeyona ingxenye yesivuno sikaJeremiya (Yermiyahu) 8:18-22. KuJeremiya 8:20 kulotshiwe ukuthi, “Ukuvuna kudlulile, ihlobo liphelile, kepha thina asikasindiswa.” Kulabo abamukela uMesiya, niyobhekana nakho i-Sukkot yangempela (Amadokodo) phakathi nenkathi yobuMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane. Kokubili umJuda nongeyena umJuda bayophila eMbusweni KaMesiya. Kuyoba khona nabantu abangafi njengo-Abrahama, u-Isaka, uJakobe, uJosefa, uMose, u-Aroni, noDavide. Kuyoba nabantu abafayo futhi abayohlala nabo. Abantu abafayo abayoba lapho ngabantu abaphila phakathi nenkathi yosizi lweminyaka eyisikhombisa, imihelo yokuzalwa kaMesiya, noma Chevlai shel Mashiach, futhi ngubani owamukela Yebo ezinhliziyweni nasezimpilweni zabo. Yeka injabulo okuyoba yiyo ukuphila noMesiya phakathi nenkathi kaMesiya!

Umkhosi Wokunikela

Inkosi uSolomoni (Shlomo) wanikela ithempeli (Beit HaMikdash) ngesikhathi I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) (1 AmaKhosi 3). Ngakho-ke, lo mkhosi ubizwa nangokuthi uMkhosi Wokunikela. Wawugujwa ngemva kokuthunjwa kwaseBhabhiloni (Ezra 3:1-4).

Umkhosi Wezizwe

Elinye igama loMkhosi we I-Sukkot (Amadokodo) uMkhosi Wezizwe. I-Sukkot (Amadokodo) ayogujwa yizizwe zonke emhlabeni ngesikhathi sikaMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane (Zakariya 14:16-18). Ukugcinwa kwekusasa kwe I-Sukkot ngezizwe zomhlaba kuncike okhethweni kanye nomsebenzi ka-Israyeli. Ukukhathazeka kwendawo yonke yesu likaNkulunkulu ngabantu bamaJuda kubuyela emuva esivumelwaneni no-Abrahama (U-Avraham). Kuleso sivumelwano, uNkulunkulu wethembisa kuGenesise (Bereishit12:3, njengoba kulotshiwe, “...yonke imindeni yomhlaba iyobusiswa [ngenzalo yakhe].” Kusuka ku-Abrahama (U-Avraham), uNkulunkulu wayeyovusa abantu, u-Israyeli, ukuba babe isibusiso ezizweni. Leso sithembiso sagcwaliseka Yebo, uMesiya, njengoba kushiwo kweyabaseGalathiya 3:8,14,16,29. Eqinisweni, ukuvangela okukhulu kunakho konke emlandweni womhlaba kuzoba ngamaJuda agcotshiweyo kaNkulunkulu ayi-144,000 amemezela ivangeli.i-basar) woMbuso weZulu ngokusebenzisa Yebo HaMashiakhi ( IsAmbulo 14:1-7 ).

Iphethini ethakazelisayo neyimfihlakalo ivela ohlwini lwemihlatshelo olubonakala lungapheli olutholakala kuNumeri (IBamidbar) 29:12-35. Phakathi nesonto lika I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele), izinkunzi ezingama-70 zazinikelwa e-altare. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkunzi ezingu-70 ezizweni ezingu-70 kuthathwe kuDuteronomi (I-Devarim) 32:8; Genesis (Bereishit) 46:27; kanye no-Eksodusi (UShemot) 1:1-5. Nakulokhu futhi, inhlangano yezizwe zomhlaba ukuze I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) atholakala kuZakariya 14:16-19.

Lapho uJakobe (U-Ya'akov) nomndeni wakhe baya eGibhithe (EMitzrayim), kwahamba abantu abangu-70, futhi baba yisizwe lapho. Izizwe zomhlaba zihlangene nazo I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) kumaKhosi okuQala (Melakhim) 8:41-43 lapho uSolomoni enikezela ithempeli (Beit HaMikdash) ngesikhathi I-Sukkot (Amadokodo). Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lo mkhosi ubizwa nangokuthi uMkhosi Wezizwe.

Okunye okuthakazelisayo mayelana nemihlatshelo ngesikhathi I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) ukuthi lapho iminikelo ihlanganiswa noma ibalwa, inani layo lihlala lihlukaniswa ngesikhombisa. Phakathi nesonto, kunemihlatshelo engu-182 (izinkunzi ezingu-70, izinqama ezingu-14, namawundlu angu-98; engu-7 ihlukanisa izikhathi ezingu-182 izikhathi ezingu-26 ncamashi). Nezela kulokhu umnikelo wempuphu, izingxenye ezingamashumi amathathu namashumi amathathu nesithupha zempuphu (336 x 48)IBamidbar29:12-40). Akukhona nje ukuqondana ukuthi leli holidi lezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, elenzeka ekuphakameni kwenyanga yesikhombisa, linenani eliphelele, eliyisikhombisa, elalibhalwe emihlatshelweni yalo.

I-Sukkot iwumfanekiso woMbuso KaMesiya (ukubusa kukaMesiya kweminyaka eyinkulungwane) njengenjabulo, futhi inombolo eyisikhombisa yayixhunywe nesabatha, nayo eyayibonakala njengesithombe soMbuso KaMesiya. Isabatha (isabatha) iwela ngosuku lwesikhombisa lwesonto.

Nakuba u-Gd ekhathalela ukuhlengwa komhlaba wonke kwezizwe, lezo zizwe ezingaphendukeli kuNkulunkulu zizokwahlulelwa. Kuphakathi kokuthi ngeke bathole imvula (Zakariya 14:1-9,16-18), noma imvula izobabhubhisa futhi ibe isiqalekiso phezu kwabo (Hezekeli [Yechezekeli38:22-23). Yingakho ukufundwa kweBhayibheli okuvamile ngosuku lwesibili lwenyanga I-Sukkot uZakariya 14 noHezekeli 38:14 kuya ku-39:16 .

Izinhlobo Ezine (I-Arba Minim)

KuLevitikusi (IVayikra23:40, kulotshiwe ukuthi: “Ngosuku lokuqala niyakuthabatha izithelo zemithi emihle, namagatsha amasundu, namagatsha anamaqabunga, nemizane yasemfuleni, nithokoze phambi kukaJehova uNkulunkulu wenu. izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.”

Izinhlobo ezine nazo zibizwa ngokuthi Lulav futhi I-Etrog (amagatsha esundu kanye ne-citron). Ngakho-ke, “umkhiqizo wezihlahla ezinhle” uhunyushwa orabi njengokubhekisela ngokuqondile ku- i-etrog (citron), futhi amagatsha, “amagatsha ezihlahla ezinamaqabunga,” kanye “neminyezane yasemfuleni” kuye kwahunyushwa ngokuthi lulav (igatsha lesundu), hadasim (umhlonyane), kanye i-aravot (iminyezane), ngokulandelana.

Yebo noma cha I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) ayegujwa njalo phakathi nenkathi yethempeli lokuqala (Beit HaMikdash) akucaci. Ngemva kokubuya eBhabhiloni, uNehemiya (uNehemiya) wabhala ukuthi kusukela ezinsukwini zikaJoshuwa (uJoshuwa) ewela ezweni lakwa-Israyeli kwaze kwaba sosukwini lwakhe, abantwana bakwa-Israyeli babengakawakhi amaqhugwane I-Sukkot (UNehemiya [uNehemiya8:17. Kodwa kusukela osukwini lukaNehemiya kuqhubeke, umkhosi wawugujwa ngesikhathi sethempeli lesibili (Beit HaMikdash). Umgubhi ngamunye ulethe i i-etrog or citron, isithelo esiphuzi esisawolintshi esicishe silingane nolamula, kodwa simnandi futhi sinongo ukuze sibe “isithelo semithi emihle” okukhulunywa ngayo kuLevitikusi (IVayikra) 23:40. Yilelo nalelo laletha amagatsha esundu, nemibomvana, nawomnyezane. Amagatsha amathathu abanjwe esandleni sokudla kanye ne i-etrog ngakwesobunxele, futhi babuthelwa ndawonye ukuze bazuliswe empumalanga, eningizimu, entshonalanga, enyakatho, phezulu, futhi phansi. Kusukela igatsha lesundu, noma lulav, kwakuyisici esiqinile futhi esivelele kunazo zonke ezinhlotsheni ezine, wonke umkhosi wawubizwa ngokuthi ukuzuliswa lulav.

Izitshalo ezine nazo zisetshenziswa ngesikhathi I-Sukkot iholidi ekwenzeni a hakafa (wesifunda) emi esinagogeni nxazonke zebandla. I-cantor ihola udwendwe, futhi indoda ngayinye ene- lulav futhi i-etrog amlandele ngemuva. Phakathi nodwendwe, i-cantor iphindaphinda Imithandazo kaHoshana, ecela izibusiso ezweni nesithelo sakwaIsrayeli.

Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). Njengengxenye yoMkhosi Wokubutha, amagatsha esundu, amagatsha embomvana, namagatsha omzane ayaqoqwa futhi abanjwe ngesandla sokudla (Levitikusi [IVayikra23:40). Inhlangano yesine, i i-etrog, emelela abeZizwe noma amakholwa angewona amaJuda, nayo iyaqoqwa. Lezi zinhlobo ezine zisetshenziswa emcimbini we I-Sukkot (Amadokodo). Ekuqaleni komkhosi, i- i-etrog ibheke phansi. Incazelo kamoya ithi, ngaphambi kokuba size ku-Gd, sasisesimweni sokubheka phansi. Ngomkhosi, iphendulwa kwesokudla phezulu futhi ihlanganiswe kwamanye amathathu. Lokhu kumelela umshado owenziwayo. Emva kokuba sesiphendukele ngakwesokunene phezulu futhi siphendukela kuMvelinqangi, kamuva sihlanganiswa Naye emshadweni.

KuDuteronomi (I-Devarim16:14; i-etrog futhi imele isihambi; Umfokazi ngoweZizwe ozihlanganise no-Israyeli (Kwabase-Efesu 2:11-13). Lokhu kufanekisela ibandla elikhulu lamakholwa angewona amaJuda kuMesiya Yebo.

Umgubho Wokuthululwa Kwamanzi?(Simchat Beit HaShoevah)

Simchat Beit HaShoevah, ukuthokoza endlini yokuthululwa kwamanzi, kuwumkhosi ohlanganisiwe ethempelini (Beit HaMikdash) izinkonzo ezingashiwongo kuyiTorah, kodwa ezinikezwe kuyiMishnah (Sucah 5). Ukuthululwa kwamanzi kwaba ingqikithi yenjabulo iTorah eyala ngayo I-Sukkot. Awukho omunye umkhosi lapho abantu ababeyalwe ukuba bajabule, futhi ngenxa yalokho I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) aziwa ngokuthi “inkathi yenjabulo yethu,” njengePhasika (I-Pesach) yi"inkathi yenkululeko yethu” kanye ne-Shavout (IPhentekhosti) yi"inkathi yokunikezwa kweTorah. "

Kulotshiwe kuMishah, ukuthi isiko lachazwa laba umgubho omibalabala nojabulisayo, ngisho neziyaluyalu, obizwa ngokuthi Simchat Beit HaShoevah, "ukuthokoza endlini yokukha amanzi.” Lo mkhosi wawusenzeka zonke izinsuku ngaphandle kosuku lokuqala lomkhosi ka I-Sukkot. I-Talmud (in Luka 5:1a-b) ichaza lo mkhosi ngokuningiliziwe, okuhlanganisa nomfanekiso wezihlakaniphi ezihlonishwayo zigingqa amathoshi akhanyayo futhi zishaya amasotsha njengengxenye yomkhosi. I-Talmud ithi, “Ongabonanga ukuthokoza endaweni yokukha amanzi akakaze akubone ukuthokoza empilweni yakhe..” Ngakho, umcimbi wokuthululwa kwamanzi waba isenzakalo sokuthululwa kwenjabulo enkulu.

Isolezwe I-Sukkot Umkhosi

Nsuku zonke ephuma ethempelini (Beit HaMikdash), kwaba nomcimbi okhethekile. Abapristi babehlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu. Isigaba sokuqala kwakungabapristi ababesemsebenzini walowo mkhosi. Babeyohlaba imihlatshelo etholakala kuNumeri (IBamidbar) 29 Ngalesosikhathi iqeqeba lesibili labapristi laphuma ngesango lethempeli elingasempumalanga.Beit HaMikdash) wahamba waya Motzah Valley, lapho kwakulahlwa khona umlotha ekuqaleni kwesabatha. Lapho babegawula iminyezane. Iminyezane kwakufanele ibe ngamamitha angu-25 ubude. Ngemva kwalokhu, babezokwakha umugqa lapho bonke abapristi bephethe umzala. Cishe ngamamitha angu-25 noma angu-30 ngemva kwalolu hlu lwabapristi, okuvumela indawo yeminyezane, kwakuyoba nolunye uhlu lwabapristi abaneminyezane. Ngakho, kwakuzoba nomugqa ngemva komugqa weminyezane.

Yonke indlela ebuyela ethempelini (Beit HaMikdash) kwakugcwele izihambi lapho beya eJerusalema (eJerusalema) ukugubha umkhosi njengokuyalwa kwabo nguMvelinqangi. I-Sukkot (Amadokodo), kanye noShavuot (IPhentekhosti) kanye nePhasika (I-Pesach), zaziwa ngokuthi imikhosi yokuhambela indawo engcwele ( Duteronomi 16:16 ).

Kwakuyoba khona isibonakaliso futhi abapristi babephuma ngonyawo lwabo lwesokunxele, bese benyathela kwesokudla, beshwibilika iminyezane emuva naphambili. Kusenjalo, iqembu lesithathu labapristi liholwa ngumphristi omkhulu (Cohen HaGadol), waphuma ngesango elaziwa ngokuthi iSango Lamanzi. Babeye esizibeni esaziwa ngokuthi “ISilowama” (UJohane [Yochanan] 9:7,11, XNUMX), okusho “amanzi agobhozayo.” Lapho umpristi omkhulu wayephethe isitsha segolide futhi wakha amanzi aziwa ngokuthi amanzi aphilayo (mayim hayim) bese eyibamba evasini. Umsizi wakhe wayephethe isitsha sesiliva esinewayini. Njengoba nje abapristi esigodini Motzah waqala ukuya eJerusalema (eJerusalema), kanjalo nabapristi baseSilowama. Njengoba bemasha bebheke emzini waseJerusalema (eJerusalema), iminyezane yenza umsindo onyakazayo lapho isondela edolobheni. Igama umoya ngesiHebheru ngu uMoya. Igama umoya ngesiHeberu futhi uMoya. Ngakho-ke, lo mkhosi wawungokomfanekiso noma umelela uMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh) kaNkulunkulu eza phezu kwedolobha laseJerusalema (eJerusalema).

Lapho iqembu ngalinye lifika emasangweni abo, kwakhala icilongo (shofar) yashaywa. Bese kusukuma indoda eyodwa ishaye umtshingo (umtshingo umele uMesiya). Umtshingo ubizwa ngokuthi "owagwazwayo.” Umtshingo uyagwazwa, futhi Yebo wagwazwa ngesikhathi sokubethelwa (Ihubo [I-Tehillim] 22:16; Zakariya 12:10; UJohane [Yochanan] 19:34-37; IsAmbulo 1:7).

Umtshingo wayehola udwendwe. Ogwaziwe uphephetha isimemezelo sokuthi umoya namanzi angene ethempelini. Abapristi abavela Motzah betshaya iminyezane bangene ethempelini (Beit HaMikdash+ futhi uzungeleze i-altare kasikhombisa. Abapristi ababehlaba imihlatshelo manje sebekhuphuka e-altare, futhi baqala ukubeka imihlatshelo emlilweni. Umpristi omkhulu nomsizi wakhe benyuka e-altare futhi bonke abantu bakwa-Israyeli babuthana emagcekeni azungezile. Abantu baqala ukucula iculo mayim, bethi: “Ngokujabula siyakukha amanzi emthonjeni wensindiso [Yebo]” (Isaya [Yeshayahu] 12:3; UMishnah, Sukkot 5:1). Umpristi ophakeme uthatha isitsha sakhe sesitsha athele okungaphakathi kuso omunye wabafika e-altare lapho kukhona khona izimpondo. Kunezitsha ezimbili ezakhelwe e-altare. Isitsha ngasinye sinembobo kuso. Amanzi newayini kuthululwa phezu kwe-altare njengoba abapristi ababenomnyezane beqala ukwendlala iminyezane ngase-altare, benza i-altare. suka (isithombe sesembozo sika-G-d).

Ukuqonda KukaMesiya. Kulokhu, sinesithombe se Yebo njengoba Wayesesihlahleni. Wayese-altare (isihlahla) ngenkathi inhliziyo Yakhe ihlatshwa (Johane [Yochanan] 19:34), kwase kuhlukana amanzi negazi futhi kwachithwa. Gd nge Yebo wayenikeza isembozo (suka) kubo bonke labo abangakholwa Kuye.

Iwayini limelela umshado, igazi, isivumelwano, injabulo, kanye noMesiya emiBhalweni. Abapristi bathatha iminyezane baya e-altare, bayibeka eceleni kwe-altare, yenze umbhede womshado, chupah. Umpristi ophakeme kumelwe athathe isitsha sakhe segolide awathululele amanzi e-altare. Umsizi uyothululela isitsha sakhe sesiliva sewayini e-altare. Nini Yebo wabethelwa esiphambanweni (umfanekiso we-altare), wahlatshwa ohlangothini lwakhe futhi enhliziyweni Yakhe kwachitheka amanzi negazi (uJohane [Yochanan19:34). Yebo wathi Wayengamanzi aphilayo athululwa kulomkhosi (Johane [Yochanan] 7:2, 37-38).

Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). Ngesikhathi se- Yebo, uMkhosi we I-Sukkot yabeka isiteji esihle kakhulu sokushunyayelwa kukaMesiya. Imvula ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo futhi u-Israyeli, izwe eliwugwadule, uklomelisa imvula enkulu njengesibusiso esivela kuNkulunkulu.

Imvula kwakuyisici esivelele ekugubheni uMkhosi ka I-Sukkot. Umcimbi wokudweba amanzi ube nokubaluleka okujule kakhulu kunemiphumela yawo kwezolimo. Imvula yayimelela uMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh) nomthombo wamanzi wawukhomba lolosuku lapho, ngokomprofethi uJoweli [I i], uNkulunkulu wayeyonisa uMoya Wakhe phezu (yonke inyama) (Joweli [I i2:28-29). Ukuxhumana kwamanzi kulelivesi kungukuthi uNkulunkulu athulula uMoya wakhe. Ku-Talmud siyafunda, “Kungani igama lawo libizwa ngokuthi ukudonsa emanzini? ngenxa yokuthululwa kukaMoya oNgcwele njengalokho okwashiwoyo ukuthi: Niyakukha ngenjabulo emithonjeni yensindiso.”Yeshayahu12:3).

I-Sukkot sanikezwa uNkulunkulu ukuba asifundise ngenkathi yobuMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane, lapho umhlaba uyothola ukuthululwa okukhulu koMoya kaNkulunkulu.

Hoshana Rabbah (The Great Salvation)

Hoshana Rabbah (ngokweqile, i hosanna enkulu noma ama-hosanna amaningi) wusuku lwesikhombisa lwe I-Sukkot (Amadokodo). Hoshana Rabbah bekufanele kube usuku lomkhosi ogcwele, kodwa hhayi ngenxa Shemini Atzeret, okuyilandelayo. Kodwa-ke, inemikhuba namasiko akhethekile okwenza usuku lube njengosuku olugcwele lomkhosi kunanoma yiziphi izinsuku eziphakathi. Okubaluleke kakhulu kule (imikhosi) yilena:

1. Ukuzungeza kwe-altare izikhathi eziyisikhombisa esikhundleni sokuba kanye ngenkathi ethwele izinhlobo ezine futhi hlabelela Hoshana imikhuleko.
2. Ukushaywa kweminyezane.

Ukuqonda KukaMesiya. KuJohane (Yochanan7:37-38; Yebo wathi, “Uma ekhona owomileyo, akeze kiMi, aphuze. Okholwa Kimi, njengokusho kombhalo, esiswini sakhe kuyakugobhoza imifula yamanzi aphilayo.”

Kule sizini ka I-Sukkot, Isaya (Yeshayahu) 12:3 wayevame ukucashunwa, njengoba kulotshiwe, “Ngakho niyakukha amanzi ngokuthokoza emithonjeni yensindiso.” Yebo ngesiHebheru kusho ukuthi “Insindiso. "

Idrama yomcimbi wokudweba amanzi yathatha isici esisha sencazelo lapho Yebo waya eMkhosini we I-Sukkot (Amadokodo). Ngosuku lwesikhombisa lomkhosi. Hoshana Rabbah, ngokwezwi nezwi okusho ukuthi “i hosanna enkulu, insindiso enkulu,” imisebenzi yomkhosi yayihlukile kweyezinsuku eziyisithupha ezidlule lapho abapristi bezungeza i-altare benodwendwe, behlabelela iHubo.I-Tehillim) 118:25. Ngosuku lwesikhombisa lomkhosi abantu bazungeza i-altare kasikhombisa. Yingakho usuku lubizwa Hoshana Rabbah, njengokukhala, "Londoloza manje!” laphindwa izikhathi eziyisikhombisa. kaJesu Isitatimende esikuJohane (Johane) 7:37-39 sashiwo Hoshana Rabbah.

Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). Ngokomoya, eBhayibhelini, kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi nokuthululwa kukaMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh). Yebo watshela owesifazane ngasemthonjeni ukuba aphuze amanzi aphilayo (Johane [Yochanan] 4:7-14; 6:35; Mathewu [Mattityahu] 5:6). Lobu budlelwano phakathi kwamanzi nokuthululwa kukaMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh) kuqukethwe emfanekisweni wokuthululwa kwamanzi. Isaya (Yeshayahu) 44:3 uhlobanisa ukuthululwa kwamanzi nokuthululwa kukaMoya kaNkulunkulu. Isaya (Yeshayahu) ihambisana nezwe elomile futhi ihlobanisa amanzi noMoya oNgcwele. Isixhumanisi singabonakala nakuJoweli (I i) 2:23,28, 2; IzEnzo 1:4,14-17-XNUMX; kanye noHezekeli (Yechezekeli) 39:22,27-29. UZakariya 14:8 ukhuluma ngamanzi aphilayo. Isaya (Yeshayahu) 12:2-3 ukhuluma ngokukha amanzi emithonjeni yensindiso. Amanzi noMoya kuxhumene kuHubo (I-Tehillim) 42:1-4; Zakariya 13:1; nesAmbulo 7:17 . Kungabonakala futhi kuHezekeli (Yechezekeli) 36:24-27.

Yebo wayezama ukukhuluma lokhu kuNikodemu (Nakdimon) kuJohane (Yochanan) 3:1-6. Naye wayefundisa lokhu ngoMkhosi ka I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) kuJohane (Yochanan) 4:14, eyaphetha ngamazwi aKhe kuJohane 7:37-39. Emcimbini wokudonswa kwamanzi, ukunaka kwabantu bekugxile echibini lika ISilowama. Kwaba lapha ukuthi Yebo waphulukisa indoda eyayiyimpumputhe kwasekuzalweni kwayo (Johane [Yochanan9:1-7). Phawula futhi amazwi akuJohane 9:5. Lolu wusuku lokugcina lomkhosi (Hoshana Rabbah( Johane 9:14; Levitikusi [IVayikra23:34-36).

Umkhosi Wokukhanya (Ukukhanya Kwethempeli)

Omunye umcimbi woMkhosi ka I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) kwakuwukukhanya kwethempeli (Beit HaMikdash). Ngokuya kwe- IMishnah, ekupheleni kosuku lokuqala lomkhosi ka I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele), abapristi namaLevi behla baya egcekeni labesifazane. Kwamiswa izinti zamakhandlela ezine ezinkulu zegolide egcekeni (zingalo ezingama-50 ukuphakama) kubekwe izitsha ezine zegolide phezu kwazo nezitebhisi ezine zincike othini lwesibani ngalunye. Izinsizwa ezine zozalo lwabapristi zazimi phezulu ezitebhisini ziphethe izimbiza eziqukethe amalitha angu-7.5 amafutha ahlanzekile, awathela esitsheni ngasinye.IMishnah, Sukka 5:2). Abapristi namaLevi babesebenzisa izingubo zabo ezigugile zenkonzo yokwenza izibani. Ukukhanya okuvela kuma-candelabra amane kwakukhanya kakhulu kangangokuthi IMishnah uthi phakathi Luka 5:3, XNUMX, XNUMX, XNUMX ukuthi kwakungekho gceke eJerusalema [eJerusalema] engakhanyiswanga ngokukhanya komkhosi womthombo wamanzi wokuphuzwa (Beit Hashoevah).

Umoya wawuyifestivali. Amadoda aqotho, amalungu e San Hedrin, futhi izinhloko zezikole ezehlukene zenkolo zazisina kuze kube sebusuku, ziphethe izimbaqa ezikhanyayo futhi zihlabelele amahubo okudumisa kuNkulunkulu. Jerusalema (eJerusalema) wayecwebezela njengedayimane ngalobobusuku futhi ukukhanya kwakhe kwakubukwa kude.

Ukusetshenziswa Kokomoya (Halacha). Ngokomoya, ukukhanya kwakumele shekhina inkazimulo eyake yagcwalisa ithempeli lapho ubukhona bukaNkulunkulu babuhlala eNgcwelengcwele (1 AmaKhosi 8:10-11; Hezekeli 43:5). Ngalesi sikhathi, ithempeli (Beit HaMikdash) kwakucatshangwa “njengokukhanya kwezwe.” Ekukhazimuleni kwaleli thempeli elikhanyiswe ngokukhazimulayo, Yebo wakhala kuJohane (Yochanan) 8:12 ukuthi “ukukhanya komhlaba. "

Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nalo mkhosi ka I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) futhi kulokhu, egcekeni labesifazane bethempeli phakathi kwezigxobo ezine zokukhanya, abamangaleli balethwa Yebo owesifazane obanjwe ephinga (Johane [Yochanan8:1-11). Yebo wamthethelela owesifazane futhi wabhala umlayezo emhlabathini (Johane [Yochanan8:5-9). Kwenzenjani Yebo bhala? Impendulo ikuJeremiya 17:13. Kulezi zinto, siyakubona lokho Yebo wafundisa abantu izigijimi zemikhosi phakathi nemikhosi.

U-Israyeli: Ukukhanya (Ubufakazi) Ezizweni

UIsrayeli wakhethwa ukuba abe ngukukhanya kukaJehova emhlabeni (Duteronomi [I-Devarim7:6-8). Umsebenzi uNkulunkulu awukhethela u-Israyeli kwakungowokusebenzela uNkulunkulu. Isizathu silula kakhulu. UNkulunkulu wayefuna abantu abaphuma emhlabeni ayengabasebenzisa futhi asebenze ngabo ukuze abonise inkazimulo Yakhe emhlabeni. Yingakho akhetha u-Israyeli futhi yilokho wonke umlandeli kaMesiya ekhethwa ukuba abe yikho. Ngokwenza kanjalo, uNkulunkulu wayekwazi ukwembula icebo Lakhe lokuhlenga emhlabeni wonke ukuze umhlaba ubone ukuthi uNkulunkulu kanye noMesiya Wakhe. Yebo ziwukukhanya (Johane 1:1-4; 1 Johane 1:5). U-Israyeli wayezoba ngufakazi (ukukhanya) emhlabeni. Lokhu kungabonakala emiBhalweni elandelayo: Isaya (Yeshayahu) 43:1,10,12,14; Luka 24:44-49; nezEnzo 1:1-8 . Umsebenzi ka-Israyeli kwakuwukumemezela emhlabeni ukuthi uNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli nguye yedwa uNkulunkullu weqiniso futhi akekho omunye uMsindisi ngaphandle Kwakhe (IZenzo 4:10,12).

U-Israyeli njengesizwe esihlangene wehluleka emsebenzini wakhe wokuba ufakazi emhlabeni. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi abantu babengawulaleli umyalo kaNkulunkulu, kodwa futhi abazange babe ukukhanya emhlabeni. Ngokuphambene, izwe njengenhlangano yabantu belilokhu libazonda abantu abangamaJuda.

Njengamalungu ngamanye akholwa futhi alandela u-Nkulunkulu, abantu bamaJuda babethembekile emsebenzini wabo. Kudingeka sicabangele nje ukwethembeka kuka-Abrahama, u-Isaka, uJakobe, uMose, abaprofethi, namakhosi anjengoDavide noSolomoni. Eqinisweni, cabangela lona kanye iBhayibheli osukwazi ukulifunda namuhla; yabhalwa izinceku zikaNkulunkulu ezithembekile ezingamaJuda ziholwa nguMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh) kaGd. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukukhanya nofakazi omkhulu kunabo bonke owake waba khona emhlabeni kwakungowamaJuda. Igama lakhe ngu Yebo, uMesiya! Ngenxa yokuthi u-Israyeli wazala uMesiya, empeleni, baye baba isibusiso ezizweni zonke ngaye (uGenesise [Bereishit] 12:3; (Galathiya 3:8,14,16,29, XNUMX, XNUMX, XNUMX).

Nakuba u-Israyeli ehluleka ngokuhlanganyela emsebenzini wakhe, lokhu akusona ukwehluleka okuhlala njalo. Kuyisithiyo sesikhashana esiphetho sayo sokuba isibusiso kuzo zonke izizwe, esiyofezwa phakathi nokubusa kweminyaka eyinkulungwane kukaMesiya owaziwa ngokuthi uMbuso KaMesiya noma inkathi kaMesiya. U-Israyeli usalokhu engabantu bakaNkulunkulu abakhethiweyo (KwabaseRoma 11:25-29), futhi usenendima okufanele ayidlale esikhathini esizayo somhlaba (KwabaseRoma 11:12,15). Umprofethi u-Isaya (Yeshayahu) wakhuluma ngesikhathi esizayo lapho u-Israyeli ayeyosetshenziswa khona uNkulunkulu ukuletha isigijimi sikaMesiya ezizweni, ngoba isizwe sakwa-Israyeli siyoba nengxenye eyinhloko ekubuseni kweminyaka eyinkulungwane kukaMesiya (Isaya [Yeshayahu62:1-5). U-Israyeli uyoba yisibusiso kuzo zonke izizwe ngalesi sikhathi (Malaki 3:12; Hezekeli [Yechezekeli] 34:23-30; Zakariya 8:11-15; u-Isaya [Yeshayahu19:23-25. Jerusalema (eJerusalema) kuyoba indawo engokomoya yomhlaba wonke futhi kulokhu kuyoba “iNkathi Yegolide” ka-Israyeli, phakathi nenkathi kaMesiya, ngoba iNkosi yaseJerusalema, iNkosi Yokuthula, iyobusa eJerusalema (eJerusalema(Isaya)Yeshayahu] 2:2-4; 52:9-10; 62:7-8, uMika [UMika] 4:1-3; Ihubo [I-Tehillim] 102:18-21; 125:1-2; 137:5-6). Usuku luyeza lapho u-Israyeli obuyiselwe futhi ovuselelwe eyophinde abe ukukhanya ezizweni, ngoba isiphetho sika-Israyeli sihlobene nesiphetho somhlaba!

Ukubaluleka Okungokomoya Komkhosi we I-Sukkot

Elinye lamaqiniso agqama kakhulu oMkhosi we I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele) ahilela izimvula zonyaka kwa-Israyeli. Umprofethi uJoweli (I i) usitshela ukuthi imvula yokuqala neyamuva yayizofika ngenyanga yokuqala (Joweli [I i2:23). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iPhasika (I-Pesach) yinyanga yokuqala ekhalendeni lezenkolo noma elingcwele, futhi I-Sukkot (AmaTabernakele) yinyanga yokuqala ekhalendeni labantu. Ngakho-ke u-Israyeli unezinyanga ezimbili zokuqala onyakeni ofanayo ngenxa yekhalenda elikhethekile elamiswa ngu-Exodus (UShemot) 12:2.

Hoseya (UHosheya) 6:3 usitshela ukuthi ukuza kukaMesiya kuyoba njengemvula yokuqala neyamuva emhlabeni. Sisanda kubona esigabeni esandulele ukuthi Yebo weza emhlabeni (wazalwa) ngomkhosi ka I-Sukkot (Amatabernakele), inyanga yokuqala yekhalenda labantu, futhi wafa ekufikeni kwaKhe kokuqala phakathi nenyanga yokuqala (uNisan) ekhalendeni elingcwele. Ukuza kwakhe okwesibili kuzophinde kube ngenyanga yokuqala yekhalenda labantu, iTishrei. Yebo izobuyela emhlabeni ngesikhathi sokuwa konyaka.

UNkulunkulu wathembisa uIsrayeli ukuthi ekulaleleni kwabo isivumelwano asenza nabo eNtabeni yaseSinayi (Eks.UShemot] 34:10; Duteronomi [I-Devarim] 5:2; 29:12-15), ukuthi wayeyobanika imvula ngesikhathi sazo esifanele (Duteronomi [I-Devarim11:10-17). Akukho mvula eyayiwuphawu lokwahlulela nesiqalekiso sikaNkulunkulu phezu komhlaba kanye nakubantu (l Amakhosi [Melakhim] 8:33-43; 17:1-7; 18:41-46; Izaga [UMishlai] 16:15; Amose 4:6-13; UJoweli [I i] 1:10-12). Namuhla, izwe lakwa-Israyeli seliphinde libe luhlaza futhi (Isaya [Yeshayahu] 35:1; UHezekeli [Yechezekeli] 36:24-38; UJoweli [I i2:18-27).

Imvula ingumfanekiso kaMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodeshkuthululelwa phezu kwayo yonke inyama (IzEnzo 2:1-8,14, 21-XNUMX; Joweli [I i2:23,28, 29-XNUMX). IZwi likaNkulunkulu (Torah) ufaniswa nemvula (Duteronomi [I-Devarim] 32:1-3; u-Isaya [Yeshayahu] 55:8-12; Efesu 5:26). UMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodesh) ufaniswa nemvula ( uJoweli [I i] 2:21-32; IzEnzo 2:1-8,14-21; Jakobe 5:7; Johane 7:37-39). Imvula ihlotshaniswa nokulunga kuHoseya (UHosheya) 10:12. UNkulunkulu wenze ukulunga Kwakhe kutholakale kubo bonke abakholwa kuMesiya (KwabaseRoma 3:21-22; 5:17).

Yebo yimvula eyehla eZulwini kanye namanzi aphilayo nomthombo wamanzi aphilayo okukhulunywa ngawo encwadini kaJohane.Yochanan) 4:4-6,10-14,20-24; kanye nesAmbulo 21:6 no-22:1-5,17. Yebo ufisa ukuba siphuze amanzi asinika wona, okuphumela ekuphileni okuphakade (Johane 4:14) ukuze sigcwaliswe (Mathewu 5:6).

Imvula futhi ikhuluma ngemvuselelo, ukubuyiselwa, kanye nokubuyela kuMvelinqangi (Teshuvah) nokwethemba (emunah) kuye. Njengoba nje imvula yana ngemva kokuba u-Eliya eyithandazela kasikhombisa (1 AmaKhosi [Melakhim] 18:41-46), imvula enkulu noma ukuthululwa kukaMoya oNgcwele kaNkulunkulu kuyofika lapho abakholwa kuMesiya beyothandaza ngobuqotho kuNkulunkulu ukuthi kwenzeke. UNkulunkulu useshilo ukuthi uzothulula uMoya wakhe oNgcwele ngenyanga yesikhombisa, okuwumfanekiso kamoya wokuphela kwenkathi (Olam Hazeh). Kuze kube manje, ingxenye enkulu sesibone izihlambi zesibusiso kuphela (Hezekeli [Yechezekeli34:26). Ukuthululwa okukhulu koMoya kaNkulunkulu kuseza. Umkhosi we I-Sukkot (Amadokodo) kanye nemvula ikhuluma ngokuthululwa okunamandla koMoya oNgcwele kaNkulunkulu, ukuthululwa koMoya Wakhe emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kuthululwa kuyohambisana nezibonakaliso nezimangaliso nokubonakaliswa kwesipho sikaMoya oNgcwele (Ruach HaKodeshkanye nokwambulwa nokukhanyiswa kweZwi likaNkulunkulu ngaphezu kwakho konke okwake kwabonakala emlandweni webandla labakholwayo (kehilat) kuMesiya. Lokhu kuthululwa kuyothinta zonke izizwe, amaJuda nabangewona amaJuda. Okholwa kuMesiya ophila ngesikhathi semvula yamuva ubizelwa ukufuna uJehova futhi amcele ukuba anise imvula phezu kwabantu bomhlaba (Zakariya 10:1; Amahubo [I-Tehillim] 46:4; 65:9-10; uJeremiya [Yermiyahu] 5:23-24; 31:10-14).

Ukugcwala kwalomkhosi ngenyanga yesikhombisa kuzobonakala ekufikeni kukaMesiya lapho ezobusa futhi abuse emhlabeni phakathi nenkathi kaMesiya, iMinyaka Eyinkulungwane, ebizwa ngokuthi Athid Lavo nge-eschatology yesiHeberu. Lesi sikhathi kuyoba isikhathi senjabulo kubo bonke abakholelwa kuMesiya Yebo futhi kuyoba yinkathi yenkazimulo ka-Israyeli.

I-Triennial Torah Cycle

Siyaqhubeka kule mpelasonto nezikhathi zethu Umjikelezo Wokufunda I-Torah Weminyaka Emithathu

Gen 11 | AbaHluleli 1-2 | IHu 23-25 ​​| Mathewu 14:22-15:39

I-Postdiluvian Rebellion (Genesise 11)

Lapho uNowa nomndeni wakhe behla emkhunjini, uNkulunkulu wathi, “Zalani, nande, nigcwalise umhlaba.” ( Genesise 9:1 , NW ) La mazwi asikisela ukuthi uNkulunkulu wayehlose ukuba abantu basakazeke kakhulu emhlabeni. Lapho befika eShinari, noma eMesophothamiya, abantu benza isinqumo esibi. Banquma ukuhlangana ukuze bakhe imizi emikhulu, ngokuphambene nalokho uNkulunkulu ayekuhlosile ekuqaleni. “Wozani sizakhele umuzi nombhoshongo osiqongo sawo sisemazulwini; masizenzele igama, funa sihlakazeke emhlabeni wonke” ( 11:4 ). Isitatimende sembula emazingeni amaningana. Iveza ukuthi inhloso ecacile yokwakhiwa kwedolobha nombhoshongo kwakuwukuvimbela ukuhlakazeka okukhulu kwabantu. Umklamo wokwakha umbhoshongo (mhlawumbe uhlobo oluthile lweziggurat noma umbhoshongo) ubonisa ukuthi ukugcwala kwabantu kuzofezwa ngamaphrojekthi kahulumeni ahleleke kakhulu. Umlando unikeza ubufakazi bokubekwa ndawonye kwegunya lezenkolo futhi. Futhi inkulumo ethi “masizenzele igama” iyindlela eyisisho yokuthi “masithole amandla phezu kwabanye.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhethwa kombhoshongo osiqongo sawo sisezulwini kungase kubonise ukungakholelwa ngamabomu esithembisweni sikaNkulunkulu sokungawuthumeleli omunye uzamcolo omkhulu, ngokuphumelelayo ubize uNkulunkulu ngomqambimanga. Ngakho, sibona kumiswa isikhungo sezombangazwe nenkolo, esimelene nentando kaNkulunkulu futhi sisebenzisa amandla aso ukuze sibuse abanye. Kubonakala sengathi umholi walomzamo kwakunguNimrode, owakha umbuso esuka lapha ( 10:8-12 ).

Ivesi 5 lisitshela ukuthi uNkulunkulu “wehla” ukuze abone umuzi nombhoshongo. Ngaphandle kwencazelo yalo engokoqobo, lapho kuthiwa uNkulunkulu “ehla” ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuveza isahlulelo esiseduze (qhathanisa noGenesise 18:21; Eksodusi 3:8; 2 Samuweli 22:10; IHubo 144:5; Isaya 31:4; Jeremiya 21:13). Kuyindlela yokuveza ukungathi sína kwesenzo kanye nokuhileleka kukaNkulunkulu komuntu siqu esijezisweni. Lapho uNkulunkulu ebona umsebenzi wabantu Wathi, “Impela, abantu bamunye futhi banolimi olulodwa bonke, futhi yilokhu abaqala ukukwenza; manje abayikuvinjwa into abayiphakamisayo” (Genesise 11:6). Umuntu wayesephinde wanquma ukusebenzisa ukuhlakanipha namandla akhe ukuze aphile ngokuphambene noNkulunkulu. Ikhulu leminyaka elidlule lanikeza ubufakazi obuqand’ ikhanda balokho abantu abasebenza ndawonye abangakwenza. Ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu, ububi budlangile—futhi phakathi kwentuthuko emangalisayo yezobuchwepheshe kufika nekhono lokubhubhisa umhlaba. Kodwa uNkulunkulu akalokothi aphelelwe yizinketho. Ukuze aqede lo mzamo wokungamesabi uNkulunkulu, futhi afeze injongo Yakhe yokuhlakaza abantu kabanzi emhlabeni wonke futhi avimbele ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezobuchwepheshe okwakungaholela ezikhalini zembubhiso ngokushesha kunokuba isikhathi Sakhe sasivunyelwe, uNkulunkulu wadunga ulimi lwabantu. Futhi ngaleyo ndlela igama lalendawo yiBabele, iBabiloni lokuqala emlandweni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, phawula ukuthi uNkulunkulu wathi abantu, nakuba bebaningi, babemunye—ubuningi ngobunye, njengoba nje u-Elohim, igama lesiHeberu elisho uNkulunkulu, ebonisa ubuningi ebunyeni.

Isingeniso KubaHluleli (AbaHluleli 1)

Incwadi yesibili yabaProfethi, eyabAhluleli ihlanganisa iminyaka engaba ngu-325 kusukela ekufeni kukaJoshuwa, eminyakeni engaba ngu-25 ngemva kokungena kukaIsrayeli eZweni Lesithembiso, kuya ngaphambi nje kokugcotshwa kwenkosi yokuqala engumuntu yakwaIsrayeli, uSawule. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi yalotshwa ababhali abahlukahlukene, kwenezela ochungechungeni lwezindaba njengoba kwenzeka izenzakalo—isib., IsiHlabelelo sikaDebora nomfanekiso kaJothamu—mhlawumbe yafakwa esimweni sayo sokugcina umahluleli wokugcina, uSamuweli, ngo-11. ngekhulu leminyaka BC I-Talmud ithi, “uSamuweli wabhala incwadi ebizwa ngegama lakhe kanye nencwadi yabaHluleli” (uBaba Bathra 14b).

Yebo, uMose noJoshuwa babengabahluleli bokuqala bakwa-Israyeli. Kodwa lapho sebefikile eZweni Lesithembiso, balandela abanye. Abahluleli kwakungamadoda ezempi nababusi uNkulunkulu ayebahola ukuba bakhulule u-Israyeli ekucindezelweni kwabezizwe futhi ababenomthwalo wemfanelo “wokwahlulela” abantu ngokuhlanganyela nabapristi namaLevi ( Duteronomi 17:8-9 ). Umahluleli ngamunye wenza ngendlela efana neyamakhosi akwa-Israyeli akamuva, ngaphandle kwalapho kwakungahileleki ohlwini lwefa. Akekho umahluleli ngemva kukaMose noJoshuwa owasebenzisa igunya phezu kwawo wonke uIsrayeli, kodwa ngamunye wasebenza endaweni elinganiselwe yenkathi ethile yesikhathi.

Ngokuqondene nezihloko ezivamile, incwadi yabAhluleli ibonisa ukuthi ubuzwe bukaIsrayeli kwakuxhomeke ekulaleleni kwakhe. Ngomjikelezo oyisidina: U-Israyeli wahlubuka; UNkulunkulu wawavumela ukuba anqotshwe inkosi eyisitha; babeyizinceku zesizwe sabezizwe isikhathi esithile; U-Israyeli wakhala kuNkulunkulu; uNkulunkulu wabavusela umahluleli ukuba abakhulule. Umjikelezo ungase uchazwe njengesono, isigqila, ukunxusa, insindiso. (Phawula ukuthi uNkulunkulu ngaso sonke isikhathi wayenikeza iminyaka eminingi yokuthula kuneminyaka yokuthunjwa—ngokuvamile ngesilinganiso sesihlanu kuya kokukodwa.)

Amajaji akhombisa nesidingo sobuholi obufanele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uNkulunkulu ekhulula u-Israyeli, wayebiza umuntu othile ukuba abaholele empini, futhi abe ngumahluleli phezu kwabo lapho bekhululiwe. Futhi lapho lowomholi efa, isizwe sabuyela ekuhlubukeni kwaso (ngaphandle kukaSamuweli, umahluleli wokugcina, osimo sakhe sasihluke kakhulu, njengoba sizobona kamuva).

Incwadi yabaHluleli iyincwadi ekhuluma ngabantu ababezimisele ‘ukwenza okwabo’ (“Ngalezo zinsuku kwakungekho nkosi kwa-Israyeli; yilowo nalowo wenza okulungile emehlweni akhe”— AbaHluleli 21:25; futhi 17:6; 18:1 ; 19:1). Ukungabikho kwenkosi engumuntu kwavumela abantu ukuba babe nenkululeko enkulu yomuntu siqu. Kodwa inkululeko enjalo ngaphandle kokunamathela eziqondisweni zikaNkulunkulu zokuziphatha nakanjani iholela esiphithiphithini nasekudidekeni. “Kukhona indlela ebonakala ilungile kumuntu, kepha ukuphela kwayo kuyindlela yokufa” ( IzAga 14:12; 16:25 ).

I-Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries on Judges iphawula ukuthi inkathi yabaHluleli yabeka inkundla yokuhlubuka okwaholela ekujezisweni kwesizwe uNkulunkulu asivakashela phezu kukaIsrayeli noJuda. “Zimbalwa izinkathi emlandweni wakwa-Israyeli onezigigaba ezibaluleke njengenkathi yabahluleli. Phakathi nalawo makhulu eminyaka isizwe sathatha inguquko engalungile eyaholela ekuweni kwayo nasekucisheni ukubhujiswa. Ukuhlubuka kwezizukulwane zakamuva kunomsuka wako eminyakeni yokuqala yokuhlaliswa kwabantu, futhi kunomugqa ocacile phakathi kwesikhathi lapho isizwe saqala ukulandela uBhali kanye nenkathi yobumnyama lapho iThempeli laseJerusalema ngokwalo langcoliswa ngazo zonke izihibe zethempeli. Ukukhonza uBhali, kungashiyi ngaphandle izifebe zenkolo (2 AmaKhosi 23:4-7)” (ikhasi 11).

Ngenxa yokuthi izizwe eziningi zavumela amaKhanani ukuba aqhubeke ehlala kulelo zwe, ithonya lokukhulekela uBhali no-Ashera laqhubeka linamandla. Ukukhulekela lab’ onkulunkulu bamaqaba kwakuhilela izenzo ezimbi kakhulu, ezihlanganisa ubufebe nobufebe emicikilishweni yenkolo. Ngenxa yalezi zinengiso nezinye, ekugcineni uNkulunkulu wayezothumela abantu Bakhe ekuthunjweni.

Izazi zeBhayibheli zinenkinga nabAhluleli ngoba “kunokuvumelana okuvamile ukuthi inkinga yokuvumelanisa ukwaziswa kokulandelana kwezenzakalo iveza ubunzima obungenakunqobeka” ( Soncino Commentary, amanothi esethulo kubAhluleli). Kuye kwanikelwa izindlela ezingaba ngu-50 zokubala ukulandelana kwezenzakalo zencwadi yabaHluleli. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwahlulela okuningi kuyahambisana, izahluko zokugcina zale ncwadi azilandelani, futhi izazi eziningi—ezithi sekwephuzile ukunqoba kuka-Israyeli izwe—azisivumeli isikhathi esigcwele phakathi kokunqotshwa nokuqala kobukhosi. .

Ukunqoba Ngenhliziyo Embi (AbaHluleli 1)

Ngemva kokuba uNkulunkulu ekhiphe u-Israyeli eGibhithe, wabatshela ukuthi wayezowangenisa ezweni elibusisekile izakhamuzi zalo ezaziyobhujiswa ngokuphelele (Duteronomi 7:1-2). U-Israyeli kwakungafanele abonise umusa, noma enze noma yisiphi isivumelwano nabo. Noma kunjalo, uNkulunkulu wathi wayengeke awaxoshe amaKhanani ngokushesha, kodwa wayeyowaxosha kancane kancane phambi kuka-Israyeli, funa ukuchithwa kwezwe kungazelelwe kulimale uIsrayeli ( Eksodusi 23:29-30 ). Lokhu uNkulunkulu ubezokwenza, ukube u-Israyeli ubezohlala ethembekile emsebenzini.

Ibhizinisi lokunqoba izwe laqalwa ngaphansi kukaJoshuwa. Zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwakhe kubonakala sengathi ama-Israyeli ahlala ethembekile emsebenzini, nakuba uJoshuwa akhononda ngokuntula kwabo intshiseko ngisho nangesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe (isib., uJoshuwa 18:3). Kodwa ngemva kokufa kukaJoshuwa, intshiseko ka-Israyeli yancipha. Abantu baba nesithakazelo esikhulu ekujabuleleni izibusiso zikaNkulunkulu (ukuphila okuzinzile ezweni elisha) futhi bangasenandaba nokufeza iziqondiso zaKhe (ukuqothula amaKhanani). Ukubona kwabo okufushane kwakuyohlupha isizwe esisha kuwo wonke umlando waso futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuweni kwaso.

UJuda noSimeyoni baqala kahle, basebenza ndawonye ukuze basuse ifa labo kumaKhanani. Iningi lezindawo eziphakeme lalivikelekile kuJuda noSimeyoni, kodwa amaKhanani asemathafeni ayehlome kangcono futhi amelana nalezi zizwe ezimbili. UNkulunkulu wayengazimisele ngalesosikhathi ukususa lawomaKhanani. Kunalokho, babezosuswa kamuva.

Nokho, abantu bakwaBenjamini abazange bashiseke kangako. Lapho engenakuwaxosha amaJebusi eJerusalema—amaJebusi ayexoshwe uJuda emzini, kodwa ayesebuya ukuyohlala khona—abakwaBhenjamini abazange benze lutho. Abazange bafune usizo ezizweni zabafowabo kodwa kunalokho bakhetha ukuvumela amaJebusi ukuba asale. UBenjamini wawuphishekela umsebenzi wendawo yawo ngenhliziyo egcwele, futhi amaJebusi aqhubeka ehlala kwaze kwaba sosukwini lukaDavide.

Indaba yayifana nezezinye izizwe. U-Efrayimi noManase bashiya amaKhanani amaningi ahlala ezweni lawo. U-Asheri wenza njalo. UNafetali naye wamlandela, futhi uDani wazivumela ukuba axoshwe amaKhanani ayenesabelo sakhe. Ngaleyondlela kwahlelwa inkundla yosizi oluqhubekayo. Ukunqoba ngenhliziyo yonke kwakuyophumela ezimpini eziphindaphindiwe, izingxabano zezizwe, uhulumeni wezwe ongasebenzi kahle, izihlubuki ezivamile lapho imikhuba yenkolo yamaKhanani yamukelwa khona, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ekugcineni axoshwe ezweni.

UNkulunkulu akalokothi anikeze umyalo ongenakulandelwa, okungenani ngohlamvu. Nakuba ukwenza umyalo kungase kube nzima futhi kungase kudinge isikhathi nomzamo omkhulu, isiphetho sakamuva ngaso sonke isikhathi sibonakala singcono kakhulu kunemiphumela yokudebeselela ukulalela umyalo.

Njengamakholwa sinikezwe umyalo wokulwa ukulwa okuhle kokholo, siphikelele phambili ukuze sithole umvuzo wethu “eZweni Lesithembiso” elingokomoya loMbuso kaNkulunkulu. Kudinga umzamo ongaguquki nowomfutho, futhi kuhlale kukhona amaKhanani angokomoya aphikisana nathi futhi azama ukusixosha efeni lethu. Ulilandele kanjani ifa lakho? Ingabe wehlile? Uke walwa nenhliziyo ewuhhafu? Ingabe uzimisele ukuhlanganyela noma ukugijima namaKhanani angokomoya, ungaqapheli ukuthi ukwenza kanjalo kusho ukuxoshwa efeni lakho ekugcineni? Uma kunjalo, manje yisikhathi sokuphenduka, phinda imizamo yakho futhi wenze impi enhle. Futhi ngenkathi ulwa, ungakhohlwa ukusiza umfowenu njengoba elwela ifa lakhe futhi.

Lapho Ukuzithiba Kususwa (AbaHluleli 2)

Imizamo yenhliziyo embi yezizwe zakwaIsrayeli ekusebenzelaneni nezakhamuzi zaseKhanani njengoba uNkulunkulu ayeyalile yaphumela ekwenqabeni kukaNkulunkulu ukuxosha amaKhanani asele. Kunalokho, lawo maKhanani ayeyoba umthombo oqhubekayo wosizi nokukhungatheka ku-Israyeli. Nokho lapho uNkulunkulu etshela u-Israyeli ukuthi wayengeke axoshe lokho u-Israyeli ayezimisele kakhulu ukuhlala nakho, wonke u-Israyeli ayengakwenza kwakuwukukhala nokuzidela. Abakwazanga ukuziletha ekuphendukeni. Babengakwazi ukusukuma ngazwi linye, bavume isono sabo, futhi bazinikele kabusha ekugcwalisekeni ngokushesha komyalo kaNkulunkulu uma ayezobathethelela.

Lesi simo esidabukisayo sasiwumphumela wokushoda kwezingxenye zobuntu bukaIsrayeli nakuhulumeni—izingxenye ezibalulekile kunoma iyiphi inkampani. Ingxenye yokuqala ubuholi obuqinile, obungesabi, obunombono. Ngaphandle kwabaholi abazimisele ukuhola, abazimisele ukubeka umbono futhi bengesabi ekuphishekeleni kwawo, abantu abahilelekile ebhizinisini bayoxhuga, bezulazula besuka ezinsikeni baye kwesinye, bengafezi lutho olukhulu. Ku-Israyeli, isizukulwane esangena eZweni Lesithembiso ngaphansi kukaJoshuwa kwakuyisizukulwane esasinabaholi abanjalo. Amadoda anjengoJoshuwa noKalebi, nabadala bakwa-Israyeli, nakuba ayewenza amaphutha ngezikhathi ezithile, ayengesabi ukuhola. Umbono wawubekwe ngokucacile kubo futhi bawulandela ngokungesabi, naphezu kwamaphutha ezikhathi ezithile.

Kodwa ngemva kokufa kukaJoshuwa nesizukulwane sakhe, abaholi ababesebenza ezikhundleni zabo abazange banqunywe engutsheni efanayo. La madoda, kanye nabantu ayebahola, “babengamazi uJehova nomsebenzi ayewenzele u-Israyeli” (AbaHluleli 2:10). Manje ngokuqinisekile base besazi ngoNkulunkulu. Babekade begcina imikhosi Yakhe, begcina amaSabatha Akhe, benikela etabernakele laKhe, futhi ngokuqinisekile babezizwile izindaba zoFuduko ngaphansi kukaMose nokunqotshwa kwaqala ngaphansi kukaJoshuwa. La madoda, nokho, “ayengayazi” iNkosi noma imisebenzi Yayo ngomqondo wokuzibonela mathupha.

Lezi izingxenye zesibili nezesithathu ezidingekayo ukuze sibe sesimweni esifanele—ukwazi uNkulunkulu komuntu siqu kanye nenkumbulo ebukhali yemisebenzi Yakhe. Isizukulwane sesibili sasazi ngoNkulunkulu, kodwa sasingamazi mathupha uNkulunkulu; base bedebesela esimweni sabo esingokomoya. Babelwazi ngoFuduko, kodwa abazange babeke ezinhliziyweni zabo izifundo zalo. Ayekwazi ngokunqoba, kodwa ayekhule kakhulu phakathi nenye yalezo zikhathi zokuthula uNkulunkulu ayehlose ukuba ama-Israyeli ahlale ezweni elalivele linqotshiwe futhi akhe amandla awo enkathini elandelayo yokunqoba.

Ukwazi uNkulunkulu komuntu siqu, inkumbulo yemisebenzi Yakhe kanye nobuholi obuqinile, obunombono kanye nobungesabi busebenza njengesithiyo sangaphakathi nesangaphandle esifisweni semvelo yenyama sokwehlisa, ukuyekethisa kanye nokwenza okuthile. Lapho noma iyiphi yalezo zici ezintathu ishoda, abantu bayekele ukuzibamba futhi bagcine sebephila ngokunethezeka nesono. Isizukulwane sesibili sikaIsrayeli sasingenazo lezo zimfanelo, futhi ngenxa yalokho asizange siphishekele ifa laso esasilinikwe uNkulunkulu ngamandla, kodwa sakhetha ukwenza okuthile ngalokho esasinakho, ukuyekethisa futhi siphile nenani elithile lesono.
Ngokungafundi iTestamente Elidala, abantu bangangena emaphutheni afanayo ngaphandle kokuqaphela isimo sabo esibucayi. Ngempela, u-Israyeli wasendulo kufanele abe yisibonelo kithi (bona 1 Korinte 10:1-9). Njengamakholwa ngeke sikwazi ukwenza amaphutha afanayo. Ngamunye wethu kufanele afinyelele ekumazini uNkulunkulu mathupha, ukuze abe nolwazi lwangempela nolwansuku zonke Ngaye. Ngamunye wethu kufanele ahlakulele inkumbulo ebukhali ngalokho uNkulunkulu akwenzele u-Israyeli nakithi ekuphileni kwethu kwangasese. Abaholi kumele bahole. Ungabi namahloni noma wesabe. Kuthweswe ijoka elilula phezu kwethu, ngakho-ke sonke masisebenze kanzima ukuze sihlanganyele ekuvuneni okuyinala kakhulu.

IHubo 23 ‘liyiHubo likaMalusi’—ihubo elidumile, elithandekayo, elicashuniwe nelibanjwe ngekhanda kunawo wonke. Ifushane futhi ilula kodwa igcwele incazelo enkulu. “Enye yezincazelo ezivame kakhulu zobukhosi ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuwukuthi umalusi” ( Nelson Study Bible, umbhalo weHubo 23 )—lapho inkosi ikhonza khona ngomfanekiso njengomalusi ‘womhlambi’ wayo, okungukuthi, wabantu bayo. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngesikhohlakali noma udondolo olunjengolunye lwezimpawu zikaFaro waseGibhithe. Induku yayingolunye uphawu olubalulekile lobukhosi basendulo. Nokho, ngokungafani nabanye ababusi bezizwe bosuku lwakhe, uDavide waqala ukusebenza njengomalusi ongokoqobo wezimvu. (Kuyathakazelisa ukukhumbula ukuthi uMose naye, nakuba ayeqeqeshwe ngaphambili esigodlweni sikafaro, welusa imihlambi iminyaka engu-40 ngaphambi kokuba uNkulunkulu amsebenzise ukuba ahole ama-Israyeli aphume eGibithe futhi adabule ehlane.)

Ngaphandle kwabaholi bezombangazwe, isingathekiso “umalusi” eBhayibhelini sisetshenziswa kubaholi bezenkolo, abanye abafundisi eTestamenteni Elisha kubhekiselwa kubo ngokuthi abelusi. (Igama elithi “mfundisi” lisho umalusi.) Nokho, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi bonke abantu bakaNkulunkulu babizelwe ukuba babe izinceku ezithobekile, ezizinikezele—eziholayo ngesibonelo namuhla futhi zilungiselele ukubusa noKristu eMbusweni waKhe kusasa.

Umholi oyinhloko, iNkosi futhi ngenxa yalokho, uMalusi nguNkulunkulu (bheka futhi iHubo 80:1; Isaya 40:11; Jeremiya 31:10; Hezekeli 34:11-31; Mika 5:4). UNkulunkulu osesimweni sikaJesu kamuva ubizwa ngokuthi uMalusi Omuhle (Johane 10:1-30). Encwadini yeHubo 23 , uDavide ubheka uNkulunkulu endimeni yaKhe yoMalusi ngokombono walowo owayenakekele umhlambi wakhe ongokoqobo. Nokho umbono ongaphakathi kwehubo awuwona owomalusi ongumuntu kodwa owemvu ephakathi komhlambi kaNkulunkulu, okungenani emavesini amane okuqala. Emsebenzini wakhe wokwalusa, uDavide wayeziqonda kahle izidingo, izidingo nezinkathazo zezimvu futhi wahlobanisa nezidingo zakhe siqu, izinto azifunayo nezimkhathazayo. Ngokunjalo nomholi kumele ahlale ezama ukuqonda yonke into ngombono walabo abaholwayo, azame ukubenzela okuhle, hhayi okuzuzisa yena.

EnoNkulunkulu njengomalusi wakhe, uDavide wathi ukuphila kwakhe ngeke kubonakale ngokuntula (ivesi 1). Wayethemba ukuthi zonke izidingo zakhe zazizofezeka. Wayengeke asale yedwa azabalazele izidingo zempilo yenyama nekamoya ngoba uNkulunkulu wayezozihlinzeka—Uyazi ukuthi yikuphi futhi kuphi okusilungele (ivesi 2). UNkulunkulu wayezohlala emqabula futhi emvuselela, emholela ezindleleni ezifanele (ivesi 3)—umqondo ongokoqobo lapha osho izindlela ezifanele izimvu okufanele zihambe ngazo (isib. enye ingozi) kodwa, ngendlela engokomfanekiso, ebonisa izindlela ezifanele zokuphila (okungukuthi, abantu abahamba emithethweni kaNkulunkulu yokuziphatha yokulunga).

Ngaphansi kokunakekela kukamalusi onekhono, izimvu zidlulela emadlelweni amahle ngaphandle kokwesaba. “Isigodi sethunzi lokufa” evesini 4 ngokwezwi nezwi sisho “isigodi sobumnyama bokufa.” Kuba mnyama kakhulu emihosheni yaseJudiya ntambama lapho ilanga lishona phansi eziqongweni zamagquma. Kithina, ukuba khona kwenduku nodondolo lukaMalusi kunoma yisiphi isigodi esimnyama ekuphileni, lapho kunzima ukubona lapho siya khona futhi kungase kusabise, kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi “induduzo namandla kaNkulunkulu ‘kukithi’ kukho konke. izinhlobo zobumnyama, ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka, ukugula okungathi sína, ukulahlwa abangane, ukwesaba ukuthola ukungathembeki kwenhliziyo yomuntu siqu, nokunye, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokufa ngokwako” ( Knight, Psalms, ikhulumela iHubo 23 : “IBhayibheli lisho ukuthini? 1-6).

Kungani induku nodondolo lukamalusi kwakungaduduza? Induku noma induku yayisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izilwane zasendle—njengoba nje uNkulunkulu evikela abantu baKhe emandleni emvelo noma angokomoya afuna ukubalimaza. Yayibuye isetshenziswe njengethuluzi lokuqondisa izigwegwe, mhlawumbe ngisho nokujikijelwa ezimvini noma eduze kwazo ukuze zithuse zisuke engozini (okwakuyinhlalakahle yazo ekugcineni, kanjalo, nokunethezeka kwesikhathi eside). Udondolo lukamalusi lwalusetshenziswa ukuze luqondise izimvu futhi zizihlenge, zizikhiphe ezimweni eziyingozi lapho kudingeka. Kanjalo uNkulunkulu uyabahola futhi abakhulule abantu baKhe.

Ngomfanekiso wenduku nodondolo, isingathekiso sibonakala sishintsha sigxile kokomalusi wezimvu siye kwesenkosi noma isikhulu saseMpumalanga Ephakathi—njengoba ababusi basendulo bakuleyo ndawo babesebenzisa zombili izifanekiselo. Ivesi elilandelayo likhuluma ngokulungisa itafula phambi kwezitha ( ivesi 5 ), njengasetendeni lenzalamizi enkulu noma induna phakathi kwamaqembu azulazulayo abaxoshayo. Ukuvikelwa kwezimvu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye sekuphenduke abantu abavikelekile kubahlaseli babantu. Futhi lokhu kulondeka kutholakala ngokungenisa izihambi komninikhaya onomusa—okuhambisana nesidlo sedili, amafutha anamakha nendebe echichimayo yesiphuzo noma izibusiso (ivesi elifanayo). Ukungenisa izihambi kwakuyinto eyinhloko futhi kuseyiyona nto igxile kakhulu ezinzalamizini ezinjalo namakhosi—njengoba kunjalo nakakhulu kuNkulunkulu.

Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi abanye babheka umfanekiso wevesi 5 njengosahambisana nokunakekela izimvu. “Itafula” libhekwa njengethafa lezintaba, lapho amadlelo eba mahle ehlobo. Futhi ukugcoba ngamafutha kubonakala njengekhambi ngokumelene nezimpukane, izinambuzane kanye nokutheleleka kwe-parasitic.

UDavide uchaza izibusiso zakhe eziningi njengobuhle nesihe (waheha, “uthando olungapheli”) ukumlandela—noma, njengoba kubonakala esho, ukumlandela ( ivesi 6 ). Okungukuthi, etendeni likaNkulunkulu noma emadlelweni aluhlaza kaNkulunkulu uphephile ezitheni futhi ulondeke ngokuphelele ngazo zonke izindlela. Okuwukuphela kwento emzingelayo ubuhle nomusa zonke izinsuku zokuphila kwakhe. Libalulekile iqiniso lokuthi izibusiso zilandela abantu abalalelayo kunokuba zibandulele. Kumelwe siphume okholweni futhi silalele uNkulunkulu ngisho nalapho isikhathi eside singayiboni imivuzo. Bazofika ekugcineni. “Sondelani kuNkulunkulu naye uyosondela kini,” siyatshelwa (Jakobe 4:8). Uma uNkulunkulu esibizile, ufuna ukusibona sithatha isinyathelo kuqala.

UDavide ulindele ukuphila okuphakade njengoba ekhuluma “ngokuhlala endlini kaJehova kuze kube phakade” (ivesi 6). I-Nelson’s Study Bible iphawula ngevesi 6, “Isithembiso sikaNkulunkulu kuma-Israyeli kwakungesona nje esokuthokozela ukuphila ezweni lesithembiso... sasiwukuba futhi bajabulele ngokugcwele ukuphila okuzayo ebusweni bakhe obubusisiwe ( 16:9 ) 11; 17:15; 49:15;

Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngokuba “umalusi olungileyo, funda uJohane 10:1-30.
UDavida uyabuza ukuthi ngubani ofanele ukukhonza uMdali omkhulu kangaka uNkulunkulu (ivesi 3). Ubani owayengakhuphukela etabernakele—noma kamuva ethempelini—eJerusalema? Lokhu kukhumbula isihloko seHubo 15. “Ikanye neHubo 15 ihlela ukuqoqwa kweqoqo lamahubo futhi kanye nalelohubo lichaza ngokucacile labo abangase basondele kuNkulunkulu ngomthandazo futhi ‘bahlale endlini kaJehova’ ( 23:6 )” (Zondervan NIV Study Bible, inothi elikuHubo 24).

“Kungenzeka ukuthi iziqondiso eziphathelene nokuhlanzeka kokuziphatha ekuqaleni zaziyingxenye yomkhosi ngaphambi kokuqeda ingxenye yokugcina yohambo oluya eJerusalema [emikhosini yaminyaka yonke]…. Nokho….ihubo liyala abantu bakaNkulunkulu noma ngabe bakuphi ukuthi bahlale phambi kweNkosi enguMdali ukuze bathole isibusiso Sakhe” (Expositor's Bible Commentary, inothi evesini 3).

Abanye abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi leli hubo laqanjwa uDavide ukuze lihlatshelelwe udwendwe lwama-Israyeli lapho umphongolo wesivumelwano ekugcineni ulethwa eJerusalema (bona 2 Samuweli 6). Isihlalo somusa esasiphezu komkhumbi sasiwumfanekiso ongokoqobo wesihlalo sobukhosi sikaNkulunkulu emhlabeni—kangangokuthi iNkosi yenkazimulo emavesini 7-10 yayimelelwe umkhumbi. INkosi yenkazimulo lapha, lowo ama-Israyeli ayeyazi njengoNkulunkulu eTestamenteni Elidala owehlela esihlalweni somusa eNgcwelengcwele, kwakunguYeshuwa ozelwe enyameni (bona 1 Korinte 10:4 kanye nencwajana yethu ethi Who Is God?).

Lokhu kungasho ukuthi ingxenye yokuqala yaleli hubo iphathelene nokulungiswa kwalabo abavunyelwe ukuhamba neNkosi yenkazimulo bekhuphukela entabeni yaYo engcwele.
Beqhubeka nencazelo yodwendwe, abaningi basikisela amaqembu amabili okucula ahlabelele amavesi 7-10 njengoba umphongolo ufika emasangweni eJerusalema noma etabernakele. Ikhwaya yokuqala ehambisana nomkhumbi ithi, “Phakamisani amakhanda enu, nina masango!” (Ivesi 7). Lokhu kukhuluma namasango ngokwawo ngomqondo owenziwe samuntu noma abalindisango—beyala ukuba amasango avuswe futhi anakwe, ajabule (angabe esadangele ngaphandle kobukhona bukaNkulunkulu), noma akhishwe endaweni yawo ehluthulelwe futhi avulwe. Kunoma ikuphi, amasango avulekayo okwamukela iNkosi yenkazimulo acashile.

Iqembu lesibili lokuhlabelela, elimi ngasemasangweni, lithi: “Ngubani le Nkosi yenkazimulo na?” (ivesi 8)—lapho iqembu labahlabelela liphendula ngokuthi, “INkosi enamandla nenamandla ekulweni” (ivesi elifanayo). Lokhu kulandelana kuyaphindwa (amavesi 9-10). Nokho, ngokuphathelene namazwi okuphetha eHubo 24:10 , uGeorge Knight encwadini yakhe yokukhulumela yamaHubo uyasikisela: “Mhlawumbe isixuku sonke sabapristi nabantu manje simemeza ngenjabulo le migqa emibili yokugcina ngazwi linye. ‘UJehova Sebawoti’ (okusho amabutho akoIsrayeli nawezidalwa zasezulwini) ‘ukuthi uNkulunkulu uyiNkosi yenkazimulo!’”

“Makungabikho Olindela Wena Abamahloni” ( IHubo 25-27 )
IHubo 25 liqala “iqembu lamahubo ayisishiyagalolunye [eliphetha ngeHubo 33 ] elinenani elingavamile (ngisho neleHubo) lokunxusa ‘isihe’ ( 25:16; 26:11; 27:7; 28:2; 30; 8, 10; 31:9) ehambisana ‘nokwethenjwa’ ( 25:2; 26:1; 27:3; 28:7; 31:6, 14; 32:10; 33:21 ) futhi unxusa noma imikhosi yothando ‘(olungapheli) lukaYahweh’ ( 25:6-7, 10; 26:3; 31:7, 16, 21; 32:10; 33:5, 18, 22 ). Uchungechunge luqala ngomthandazo we-alfabhethi we-acrostic wosizo lukaNkulunkulu olusindisayo (IHu 25) futhi lufinyelele umvuthwandaba ngevesi elingu-22 (inani lezinhlamvu zezinhlamvu zesiHebheru) ihubo lokudumisa ukubusa kukaJehova okubusa nosizo olusindisayo (IHu 33)” ( Zondervan I-NIV Study Bible, phawula kumaHubo 25-33).

Ngokwesakhiwo, iHubo 25 ngokwalo “liyi-alfabhethi acrostic (ngandlela-thile engajwayelekile, nevesi eliphethayo elengeziwe elinweba imigqa ngale kwezinhlamvu). Yakhiwe ngezigaba ezine ezingalingani (amavesi amathathu, amane, ayisishiyagalombili nayisithupha). Isigaba sokuqala nesesine zihlobene ngokwendikimba, njengoba kunjalo nesesibili nesesithathu (iphethini ye-ab/ba)” (inothi kuHubo 25).

“UDavide uthandazela isihe sesivumelwano sikaNkulunkulu lapho ehlushwa ngenxa yezono [amavesi 11, 18 ] nalapho izitha zibamba ithuba ukuze zihlasele [amavesi 2, 19 ], mhlawumbe ngokuzama ukuhlazisa inkosi ngokumangalela amanga” (iphuzu elifanayo). Lena itimu esike sayibona ngaphambili. Ithemba lokuthola ihlazo lokunqoba isitha limkhathaza kakhulu uDavide—ukhuluma ‘ngehlazo’ izikhathi ezine ehubweni. Amahloni akufanele ehlele labo abathemba futhi abathembela kuNkulunkulu kodwa kufanele awele kubantu abanquma “ukusebenzelana ngokukhohlisa ngaphandle kwesizathu” (ivesi 3). “Amahloni ayisiphetho esihlosiwe sezitha zikaNkulunkulu (35:26)…hhayi okwabathembekile” (Nelson Study Bible, inothi lamavesi 1-2).

UDavide uthi ngenxa yokuthi uNkulunkulu muhle futhi uqotho, ufundisa izoni ngendlela Yakhe (ivesi 8). Kodwa lokhu akunjalo ukuze baqhubeke bephila ekuphikiseni okuyisono Kuye. Kunalokho, usebenza nalabo abathobekile nabalalelayo (amavesi 9, 12). Uyobafundisa indlela yokuphila ebonakala ngobulungisa, umusa, iqiniso nokuchuma ( amavesi 8-10, 13 ). Njengoba u-Ezra 8:22 esitshela, “Isandla sikaNkulunkulu wethu siphezu kwabo bonke abamfunayo ukuze kube kuhle, kodwa amandla akhe nentukuthelo yakhe kuphezu kwabo bonke abamshiyayo.”

Lapho efingqa izinhlupheko nezinkathazo zakhe, uDavide ukhumbuza uNkulunkulu ukuthi izitha zakhe zinonya futhi udinga ukukhululwa (amavesi 17-20). Uphetha ihubo ngesimemezelo esinenhlonipho sethemba, ithemba elifanayo aqala ngalo: “Ngikulindele” ( ivesi 21 ; qhathanisa nevesi 3 ).

Ngisho nakulo mthandazo wokucela isihe nosizo kuye ngokwakhe, uDavide akabakhohlwa abanye. Evesini 22, elingaphandle kwephethini ye-acrostic yehubo, uphetha ngomthandazo wokukhulumela abantu bakhe. “UDavide unxusa uJehova ukuba abe nobubele esizweni sakwa-Israyeli njengoba nje ayenoDavide. INkosi yayingeyena kuphela uMsindisi kaDavide uqobo, kodwa futhi noMsindisi wawo wonke ama-Israyeli” (Nelson, inothi evesini 22). Lapha, njengakwezinye izikhombo ezibhekisela kuIsrayeli kumaHubo, singase sibheke ngalé kwesizwe esingokwenyama kubantu bakaNkulunkulu abakhethiwe—ekugcineni bonke abakha u-Israyeli ongokomoya ngisho noma bevela kwezinye izizwe ngokoqobo (bona amaRoma 9:6; Galathiya 6:16) ).

UMathewu 26

26 abafundi bambona ehamba phezu kolwandle
Ngokusobala, uJesu wayesesimweni lapho Ayengabonakala khona ebusuku ngaphesheya kwamanzi. Lokhu kungase kufaniswe nokubonakala kwakhe lapho ebonakala enoMose no-Eliya, kuMathewu isahluko 17 .
Ukubuya kwakhe kuchazwa njengokukhazimula okunjalo futhi:
2 Thesalonika 2:8 - Khona-ke lowo omubi uyakwambulwa, iNkosi eyomqeda ngomoya womlomo wayo, futhi imchithe ngokukhazimula kokufika kwayo.
30 wesaba; bese eqala ukushona,
Akungabazeki ukuthi uPetru wayeyingcweti yokubhukuda, engumdobi ngomsebenzi. Kungani ayesaba kangaka lapho engena ngaphansi kwamanzi amamitha ambalwa nje ukusuka esikebheni? Ngokusobala incazelo ecacile (p'shat) yombhalo ingase ingasho indaba ephelele.
Kunomqondo ongokomoya emanzini, ikakhulukazi “ulwandle.” Ezincwadini zamaJuda ezingaqondakali, “ulwandle” luyindawo engokomoya. Ukucwila olwandle, kanjalo, kungabonakala njengokuwohloka ngokushesha kwesimo somuntu esingokomoya. (Into eyenzeka ekuphileni kukaPetru izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, njengakuMathewu 16:23 nakuMathewu isahluko 26). Ukukhala kukaPetru njengoba ecwila kwakungesona esomlindi.
32 Sebengenile emkhunjini, umoya wanqamuka.
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi isimo sikaPetru sazola (ivesi 30) kodwa kanjalo nezakhi zenyama.
Amahubo 65:8 ZULXNUMX - othulisa ukuduma kolwandle, ukuhlokoma kwamaza azo, nokuxokozela kwezizwe.
36 bonke abamthintileyo baphiliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Kwashiwo okufanayo nangezingubo zikaPawulu. Eqinisweni ngisho nezingubo zakhe zazinamandla amangalisayo ngazo (Izenzo 19:12). Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesisekelo seTorah kaNkulunkulu, izinkolelo-ze eziningi ziye zavela kulezi zimangaliso ezithile. Esikhundleni sokugxila ekufundeni nasekwenzeni iTorah (esivumelanisa nomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu), abantu baye baphendukela ekudaleni nasekusebenziseni yonke into kusukela ezindondo kuya “ezindwangu zomthandazo,” ngemizamo eyize yokuzisondeza “kuNkulunkulu.

2 Kungani abafundi bakho beqa isiko labadala? ngoba abagezi izandla zabo nxa bedla isinkwa.
Indaba ekulesi sahluko sokuqala esetshenziswe kabi ukufundisa ukuthi uMesiya waqeda imiyalo yokudla yamaLevi (imithetho ye-kosher). Umbhalo ubonisa ngokusobala ukuthi akusona isihloko lesi, kodwa abaningi bayakushaya indiva lokhu ukuze bafundise ngokumelene neTorah. (Bheka ukuphawula kwevesi 14 ngezansi).

Umongo wengxoxo, uchazwe ngokucacile kuleli vesi (nasekupheleni kwesihloko, evesini lama-20). Isihloko akuyona imithetho ye-kosher, kodwa "yokugeza izandla." Kunokuningi ngaleli siko kunalokho okushiwo umbhalo nokho. (Ngakho-ke inzuzo yokwazi isizinda sesiHeberu engxoxweni.)

Kwakukhona izinkolelo ezihlukahlukene ezingaqondakali phakathi kwamaJuda athile osuku lukaJesu, hhayi zonke ezisekelwe ngokuqinile eTorah. Eminye yale mibono yayihlobene nendlela umuntu angaba ngayo “ohlanzekile” noma “ongcolile” ngokomoya. (Umqondo, ongokweBhayibheli ngempela.) Enye imfundiso enjalo yayiwukuthi ebusuku, imimoya emibi yayingena emzimbeni womuntu. Le mimoya yayiphuma emzimbeni ngezandla (ngokuqondile, ngeminwe). Umzimba wawuzoba “hlanzekile” ngokomoya futhi, ekuseni, ngaphandle kweminwe/izandla. Kwafundiswa ukuthi izandla kufanele zigezwe ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukungcola okungadala noma yini ethintwayo (okungukuthi, ukudla) ukuba ibe engcolile.

UJesu ubonisa ukuthi lesi siko lokugeza izandla elalingasekelwe eTorah, eqinisweni lalichitha iTorah, njengoba babeyibiza ngokuthi kungcolile, ukudla uNkulunkulu uqobo ayekushilo kuhlanzekile, ngokumane adle ngezandla ezingageziwe. Uphinde ajezise othisha ngokwephula imiyalo yeTorah yeqiniso (ngenkathi bebeka le mithwalo engadingekile kubantu) ngokubalula ukuntula kwabo ukulandela ngokufanele umyalo wokuhlonipha ubaba nomama. Lesi yisifundo samavesi 2-20.

Omunye umbhalo ocashunwe ngendlela efanayo eyiphutha umbono kaPetru wezilwane ezingcolile kuzEnzo isahluko 10. Nalapha futhi, umongo nencazelo akunakwa ukuze kusekelwe imfundiso yamanga. Amaphupho embhalweni ongcwele ajwayele ukusebenzisa izinto ezithile nezindikimba ukumela abantu abathile, izindawo, izinto nezimfundiso. Endabeni yephupho likaPetru kuzEnzo 10, uwuchaza ngokucacile lo mbono izikhathi eziningana kuyo yonke incwadi yezEnzo. UPetru akakaze athi uNkulunkulu wambonisa ukuthi imithetho kashrut iyaqedwa. Kunalokho, kuzo zonke izimo, uchaza incazelo yephupho njengokuthi abezizwe kwakungafanele babhekwe “njengabangcolile,” futhi babengafika ngokuqondile okholweni ngoJesu—into uNkulunkulu ayengazange ayilungiselele ngaphambi kokufa kukaJesu. (Bheka amazwana evesini 24 ngezansi.)

3 Nani neqe umyalo kaNkulunkulu ngesiko lenu na?
Nasi isitatimende sesibili ngenkinga esibhekene nayo—uJesu akabatsheli ukuthi imithetho ye-kosher (enikezwe uNkulunkulu) imisiwe (ngokwephula amazwi Akhe siqu kuMathewu 5:17-18), kodwa uthi ngokusobala bephula iTorah kaNkulunkulu. ngaleli siko elenziwe abantu (hhayi elinikezwe uNkulunkulu).
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi u-Yeshua akaphikisani nesiko, kuhlanganise namasiko amaningi obuJuda babaFarisi. Isiko elinjalo liyindlela “esiphuma ngayo” ukholo lwethu (okuthiwa i-halakha). Njengoba sizobona esahlukweni esilandelayo, uJeshuwa wanika ngisho namandla okubeka “isiko” elinjalo kubafundi Bakhe.
Lokho uYeshua aphikisana nakho yinoma yiliphi isiko elingasungulwa kuTorah elizibeka ngaphezu kweTorah.

9 befundisa izifundiso eziyimilayo yabantu

Uyaphinda ukugxeka Kwakhe. Baphakamisa izimfundiso zabantu phezu kwemiyalo yeTorah. Imithetho ye-kosher ivela kuNkulunkulu, ayiwona amasiko abantu. Eqinisweni, ukufundisa ukuthi imithetho ye-kosher (noma iyiphi ingxenye yeTorah) iyaqedwa, kungaba yilokho uNkulunkulu angakubheka “njengemiyalo yabantu” futhi kuphambene neZwi laKhe ( Mathewu 5:17-18 ).

11 Akusikho okungena emlonyeni okumngcolisayo umuntu; kodwa okuphuma emlonyeni
Leli ivesi elivame ukukhishwa kumongo walo ukuze kusekelwe umbono wokuthi imithetho ye-kosher isusiwe. U-Jesu ufundisa ukuthi asikungcolisi ukudla okuhlanzekile ngokwehluleka ukugeza izandla ngaphambi kokuba sikudle. Ukudla okungeyona i-kosher akuyona ingxenye yale ngxoxo njengoba amavesi azungezile ebonisa.

13 Sonke isithombo, uBaba osezulwini angasitshalanga, sizasitshulwa.
Ngokubhekiselwe kumfanekiso womhlwanyeli ku Mathewu isahluko 13.
14 abaholi abayizimpumputhe abayizimpumputhe
Naphezu “kombono othandwayo,” isimo siyafana namuhla. Abantu abaningi abathi bakholelwa kuNkulunkulu weBhayibheli, balandela abafundisi ababatshela ukuthi “bakhululekile” kulokho abakubiza ngokuthi “uMthetho,” (inguqulo enganembile yethi “Torah,” okuyisambulo sikaNkulunkulu/ iziyalezo zendlela yokuphila, kubo bonke abathi bangabantu Bakhe.) Izibonelo ezinikezwe ngenhla ( Mathewu 5:17-21; 15:2-20, IzEnzo 10, njll.), zibonisa indlela abantu abangakunaki ngayo lokho okuchazwe encwadini yeBhayibheli. umbhalo weBhayibheli, ovuna ukulandela izimfundiso zabantu ezimelene neTorah. Lokhu akufani nalokho okwenziwa abaholi benkolo abaningi bosuku lukaJesu. Khona-ke, njengamanje, abantu bayalenqaba iqiniso leTorah kaNkulunkulu.

Lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele siqale sifunde futhi silandele iTorah ukuze sisindiswe. Akukaze kube njalo, njengoba abesilisa nabesifazane bebelokhu besindiswa ngokuthembela kuNkulunkulu (ukholo) okuyisipho samahhala esivela kuye. Akekho ongafanelekela ukungena ezulwini ngenxa yemisebenzi. Okushiwoyo, ukuthi uma noma ubani “emazi uNkulunkulu,” kanye nensindiso Yakhe kuYeshua, iNdodana Yakhe, kunendlela yokuba “bahambe,” futhi lokhu kuwukufunda, futhi baqale ukwenza iTorah kaNkulunkulu (iTorah) Roma 2:13; Jakobe 1:22-25).

Okuwukuphela kwendlela “ngumthetho wamanga” wenyama nowezwe (okungukuthi, kwabaseRoma 7:23). Ukukhetha nokukhetha umyalo ovela kuTorah akusona isikhundla esamukelekayo kuNkulunkulu ( Jakobe 2:10 ), futhi “akukona ukunqamula uthango,” (okungukuthi, Isambulo 3:15-16).
Leyo mithetho esikwaziyo ukuyigcina iyona okufanele silwele ukufunda ngayo futhi siyilandele, ukuze sifanelane nomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu - okuyinhloso enkulu yeTorah. Asikwazi ukugcina yonke imiyalo kaNkulunkulu ngokuphelele, ngoba abukho Ithempeli noma ubupristi (futhi futhi ngenxa yokuthi iningi lethu lihlala ngaphandle kwezwe lakwa-Israyeli).

Ngenxa yokuthi iTorah iye yanqatshwa abalandeli bakaMesiya isikhathi eside kangaka, sidinga ukukhuthala ukufunda kabusha umthetho weTorah ngomthetho. UMoya oNgcwele ungumqondisi wethu, kodwa lokhu akusenzisi umthwalo wethu wemfanelo wokutadisha amazwi kaNkulunkulu ngenkuthalo:
2 Thimothewu 2:15 ZULXNUMX - Tadisha ukuba uziveze uthembekile kuNkulunkulu, isisebenzi esingenamahloni, esiqondisa kahle izwi leqiniso.
Izenzo 17:11 ZULXNUMX - Laba babenobuntu kunabaseThesalonika, balamukela izwi ngenhliziyo yonke, behlola imibhalo imihla ngemihla ukuthi zinjalo yini lezo zinto.

UMoya oNgcwele awusoze waphikisa iTorah, njengoba iyizwi likaNkulunkulu. Uma othile ekholelwa ukuthi “umoya” umtshela ukuthi kuvunyelwe ukweqa noma yimuphi umyalo weTorah (oqondwa kahle ngokomongo), khona-ke lowo muntu uholwa omunye umoya.

Umbuzo owodwa okufanele uwubuze uthi, “Uma umuntu etshela umuntu ukuthi uyisoni futhi udinga ukuphenduka (okungukuthi, njengasemilayezweni eminingi yensindiso enikezwa namuhla), lowo muntu wazi kanjani ukuthi ‘isono’ siyini? UmBhalo usitshela ukuthi isono siwukwephula iTorah kaNkulunkulu (kuhlanganise nazo zonke izimfundiso zeTenakh/“iTestamente Elidala”).

ITorah kwakuwukuphela kwendinganiso eyasetshenziswa uJeshua nabafundi bakhe. UPawulu nabanye bafundisa kuphela uYeshua nokusindiswa eTenakh njengoba lalingekho “iTestamente Elisha” ngaleso sikhathi. NoJesu ( Mathewu 5:17-21 ), noma uPawulu ( Roma 3:31 ), noma yimuphi wabanye abafundi, akazange alahle noma iyiphi ingxenye yokholo luka-Israyeli. Amakholwa okuqala aqhubeka nalolu kholo, manje kuphela enolwazi ngoMesiya othenjisiwe.
Yebo, “iTestamente Elisha” liphefumulelwe uNkulunkulu, kodwa lalingakaze lihloselwe ukuba lifundwe ngaphandle komongo weTorah. Ngeshwa, yilokhu kanye okwenziwa namuhla, njengoba amasonto enikeza eyawo incazelo ezimfundisweni ‘zeTestamente Elisha. Babe sebesebenzisa lokhu ukuze bachaze “iTestamente Elidala.” Lokhu “ukubeka inqola phambi kwehhashi.” (okungukuthi, umkhuba ovamile wokudlulisela “iTestamente Elisha” kubantu, esikhundleni samaBhayibheli aphelele.)

AbeZizwe abakholelwa kuJesu, abazange babe “amaKristu,” njengoba kwakungekho ukwehlukana okunjalo nobuJuda (“ukholo lukaIsrayeli”) kwaze kwaba kamuva. Abezizwe abafika okholweni, bangena okholweni luka-Israyeli neTorah yalo (Efesu 2:10-13) futhi baqala ukufunda okwengeziwe ngeTorah njengoba babefundiswa ngaphakathi kokholo luka-Israyeli ( IzEnzo 15:21 ).

20 kodwa ukudla ngezandla ezingagezwanga akumngcolisi umuntu.
U-Yeshua uphetha ingxoxo ngokucacisa ukuthi isihloko besiyini kusukela evesini lesi-2 - ukudla ngezandla ezingageziwe - hhayi ukususa umyalo weTorah wokudla ukudla okuhlanzekile kuphela.
24 Kangithunywanga ngaphandle kwezimvu ezilahlekileyo zendlu kaIsrayeli.

Njengoba uPawulu asho nalokhu okulandelayo:

KwabaseRoma 1:16 Ngokuba anginamahloni ngevangeli likaKristu, ngokuba lingamandla kaNkulunkulu kube yinsindiso kulowo nalowo okholwayo; kumJuda kuqala, nakumGreki futhi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iVangeli alithunyelwanga kwabezizwe kwaze kwaba ngemva kokufa nokuvuka kukaJesu. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, uJesu nabafundi bakhe baya kumaJuda kuphela. Kwenzeka into engaqondakali kakhulu ngokufa Kwakhe—abezizwe manje base bengeza kuNkulunkulu ka-Israyeli ngendlela eqondile—ngokubeka ukholo lwabo kuMesiya ka-Israyeli.

Kungani lokhu? Incazelo eyisisekelo ukuthi uYeshua waye/ uyiTorah (“iZwi”) enyameni (okungukuthi, uJohane isahluko 1). Njengoba nje iTorah iyisambulo sikaNkulunkulu ongabonakali - uJesu futhi ungumfanekiso kaNkulunkulu ongabonakali (Kolose 1:15). Ukuthembela kuJesu, wukufika ukuthembela kuNkulunkulu (njengoba thina bantu abafayo singamazi, okwembulwe eMthethweni Wakhe). U-Yeshua ungumnyango walobu budlelwano. I-Torah iyindlela engalé kwalomnyango - kubo bonke abafisa ukubeka ithemba labo kuYe. Ngokudabukisayo, abaningi ngeke bagcine endleleni efanele, ngisho nangemva kokufunda Ngaye ( Mathewu 7:12-21 ).

Abantu abaningi abafinyelela ekwazini ngoNkulunkulu weBhayibheli ngokushesha bafundiswa ukuthi Washintsha umqondo Wakhe ngeTorah Yakhe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule, ukuthi ngandlela thize yaqedwa nguJesu. Lokhu kufundiswa naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uJeshua uyiTorah enyameni, (“umgomo” weTorah - Roma 10: 4), owazisho ngokungananazi ukuthi akukho neyodwa yeTorah eyachithwa ngokufika Kwakhe. Mathewu 5:17-21).

Ngemva kokufa kukaYeshua, umkhuba (indlela yevangeli) yabafundi kwakuwukuya kumJuda kuqala. Ngokwesibonelo, kuwo wonke amadolobha uPawulu aya kuwo, waqale waya esinagogeni lendawo. (UPawulu weqa emadolobheni amakhulu kakhulu ohambweni lwakhe olwalungenabo ubuJuda obubalulekile.) Esimweni ngasinye, iVangeli lashunyayelwa kumaJuda kuqala. Kuzo zonke izindawo, kwakuyoba namaJuda athile amukela isigijimi sakhe futhi amanye abenqaba. Lapho “u-Israyeli” esesithathile “isinqumo” sakhe (edolobheni ngalinye), ngaleso sikhathi-ke kuphela lapho umyalezo wawuyonikezwa abantu bezizwe bendawo.