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Yechitatu Sabbatical Cycle ye119th Jubheri Cycle
Kutenderera kweSabata kweKudengenyeka kwenyika, nzara nedenda

August 16, 2014

Shabbat Shalom Mhuri,

Munhau svondo rapfuura mave nezviitiko uye zvinhu zvandakanamata kuti zvisaitika. Asi vachiri pano. Izvo chaizvo zvinhu zvandanga ndichikuudza pamusoro pazvo mumavhidhiyo "The 70 Shabua of Danieri" uye "Mazuva 2300 eGehena" zvino ari kurarama uye vanozvikudza pamusoro pehutsinye hwavari kuita.
Parizvino ita bvunzo iyi. Zviite izvozvi usati waita chimwe chinhu:

Iwe uchangonzwa panhau kana kuburikidza nematauriro anokwidza achikwira nekudzika mumigwagwa yako: Allah Akbar Allah Akbar - Attention, attention! Vese vagari vetaundi rino vane kusvika pakati pehusiku mangwana kuti vatendeukire kuIslam, vabhadhare mutero wevasingatendi, kana iwe nemhuri yako munogona kubva muchienda kune imwe nyika kana purovhinzi inotevera, kana kuti mosara pano mofa. Kuda kwako.

Zvino uchaita sei? Kana ukasarudza kutiza, saka ziva pakutanga cheki zvinhu zvako zvese uye mota nemari zvinotorwa mukutsinhana nehupenyu hwako uye hwemhuri yako. Zvino unoendepi uye unoitei uye unodyei? Asi iwe unofanirwa kuramba uchimhanya kuti uende kure nevanhu ava sezvinobvira, nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Uri kuenda kune yako yakachengeteka imba kana yakavanzika kabhini mumatanda akaiswa? Kana vazokubata gare gare, zvino iwe uchaitei? Zvinogona kunge zvakakunonokera iwe ipapo.

Kana ukasarudza kubhadhara mutero weInfidel, ihafu kamwe chete yegoridhe rakanatswa pamusoro wega wega wemumhuri mako. Uye iyo mari inogona kuchinja pasina chiziviso uye nguva inochinja zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevanotarisira. Vamwe vangasagamuchira humbowo hwekubhadhara kwako uye vanoda zvimwe kubva kwauri. Zvekare, mukutsinhana nehupenyu hwako.

Unoiteyi?

Isu tanga tichikuudzai nezvechiporofita chegore reSabata uye zviri kuuya. Vazhinji vanonzwa shoko iri kana kuverenga Newsletter ino vanogumburwa uye vanondipomera zvinhu zvakawanda. Hazvina basa, chokwadi chave kudaidzira kwauri kubva mhiri kwegungwa. Riri kuuya kuno kumusha kwenyu.
Takakuudzai kuti sei raiuya uye vazhinji venyu muchiri kuti makore eSabata ndeenguva chete munyika yeIsrael. Kutukwa uku kunobva kwatora zvese zvauri kuda uzviparadze kunze kwekunge watendeuka wochengeta gore rinotevera reSabata ra2016.

Nei vaKristu ivavo vomuMosul vasina kubvutwa mukutongwa kwaibvira moto? Sei vaYazidi vasina kubvutwa? Uchiri kufunga kuti uchava here? Bvunza avo vanhu vari kutiza nokuda kwehupenyu hwavo ikozvino kubva kuMosul uye kubva kuGomo reSinjar uko maYazidi akavanda, kuti vari kurarama sei. Vabvunze nezvevose vavakaviga. Vabvunze nezveshamwari dzavo nevadiwa vakasara vakagurwa musoro vakasungirirwa pafenzi yepikicha. Vabvunze kuti sei izvi zvaiitika kwavari. Vachakuudza kuti vanhu vakanaka vanotya Mwari uye havambokuvadzi munhu. Vabvunze kuti nei?
ISIS (iyo Islamic State yeIraq neSyria) yave kuzvidaidza kuti IS Islamic State, Vakazvizivisa ivo caliphate pakutanga zhizha rino pakupera kweRamadan muna 2014.

“Saka simudzai zvishuvo zvenyu, imi varwi veIslamic State! Nekuti hama dzako pasi rese dzakamirira kununurwa kwako, uye dziri kutarisira mabrigades ako, "Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, anozviti caliph, akadaro muvhidhiyo meseji, inonzi yakanyorwa paAl-Nouri Mosque muMosul.
Al-Baghdadi ari kuyedza kuunganidza maMuslim ese pasi pesimba rake kuti aenderere mberi zvishuvo zvake zveCaliphate iyi yaakazivisa. Vamwe vanobvunza kana ichagara kwenguva refu. Kuti iyi inogara here kana kuti kwete haisi iyo mubvunzo kana nyaya. Uprofita hweBhaibheri hunotiudza kuti uyu kana mumwe chete saiwo achabudirira uye achabatana naMambo weKumusoro uye pamwe chete, Mambo weKumusoro neKumaodzanyemba achakunda nyika yekumadokero.
Ikozvino tinoona mureza weISIS uchisimudzwa pamisangano pasi rese mukuzvidza zviremera zvese. In Germany vaitorwisa Yezidis apo.
VaObama vasati vazivisa kuti mauto achange achirwisa IS, boka iri rakaburitsa vhidhiyo richiti vachasimudza "mureza waAllah muWhite House," uye vakadaidzira kuti Obama atumire mauto pasi kuti avarwise.

"Usave mbwende uye utirwise nemadrones," Abu Musa vakadaro. "Panzvimbo iyoyo tumira varwi vako, avo vatakanyadzisa muIraq. Tichavanyadzisa kwese kwese, Mwari vachida, uye tichasimudza mureza waAllah muWhite House. "

Isaya 13 inotiudza kuti vaMedhia nevaPersia vachauraya sei Bhabhironi nemiseve yavo. Zekaria anotiratidza kuti miseve iri sei mipumburu inobhururuka inova zvombo zvenyukireya. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri izvo zvinoita kuti Pope abvise chigaro chake kuJerusarema.

Zvadaro tine Danieri 8 iyo inotiudza nezve Gondohwe iri rinova Media nePersia riri kurwiswa nembudzi iyi yekuGreece. Uye tine Danieri 11 inotiudza kuti Mambo weZasi mumazuva ekupedzisira acharwisa Mambo weKumusoro uyo achabva airwisa oitsika-tsika.

Dhanieri 11:40 Zvino panguva yokupedzisira mambo wezasi achamurwisa. Mambo wokumusoro achauya kuzorwa naye sechamupupuri, ane ngoro navatasvi vamabhiza nezvikepe zvizhinji; 41 Achapinda munyika dzigofashukira, ndokuyambuka. Achapindawo munyika yakaisvonaka, uye vazhinji vachagumburwa. Asi ava vachapukunyuka paruoko rwake, Edhomu, naMoabhu, norutivi rwakanaka rwavana vaAmoni. 42 Achatambanudzira ruoko rwake kune dzimwe nyika; nenyika yeEgipita haingapukunyuki. 43 Asi achava anesimba pamusoro pefuma yendarama nesirivha, napamusoro pezvinhu zvose zvinokosha zveEgipita. navaRibhia navaEtiopia chichava patsoka dzake.

Pano tine uyu Mambo weMaodzanyemba mune ISIS kana Iran. Zvikamu zveSyria zvinodzorwa neISIS ndiyo nzvimbo chaiyo iyo Zekaria anoti mipumburu inobhururuka ichachengeterwa iyo inopinda muimba imwe neimwe.

Zvinoita here kuti Iran kana ISIS itumire chombo uye irove Roma, chigaro cheBhabhironi? Izvi zvaizoita kuti Europe ibatane votumira mauto kunoparadza Mambo weZasi vasati vatumira chimwe chombo kwavari.

Hama, ndizvo zvatiri kuona kuMiddle East izvozvi. Maererano neSabbatical neJubilee cycles, izvi zvinofanira kupetwa ne 2019. Ndiyo mushure meizvi kuti Mambo uyu weKumusoro achishandisa mauto eMuslim anorwisa USA neUnited States commonwealth. Tsoka dzeIron, (Germany-Europe) nevhu (Islam) dzemufananidzo mukuru waDanieri.

Heano akati wandei ezvinyorwa kana iwe uchida kuverenga zvakawanda nezve zviri kuitika muIraq. Sezvo iwe uchiverenga izvi nzwisisa mumakore mashoma nguva iyi ichave iwe nemaguta ako ari kumhanya uye kutaurwa nezvayo munhau. Uchaita sei? Tiri kurarama munguva dzinonakidza uye dzine ngozi zvikuru. Tarisa nguva dzose uye unamate uye uteerere kuti uchengetedzwe.

http://news.nationalpost.com/2014/08/10/isis-slaughtering-yazidis-trapped-on-mount-sinjar-who-refuse-to-convert-to-islam-iraq-says/Iraq.
http://www.forbes.com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2014/07/19/islamic-state-warns-christians-convert-pay-tax-leave-or-die/

Ndivanaani Yezidis Vakakurudzira Rutsigiro Rwenyika Dzese muIraq?

NaAlexandra Di Stefano Pironti 10/8/2014
“Vateveri veiyi nzanga yakapfava yedzinza reKurds, vane zvitendero zvorudzidziso zvinorondwa kubvira kare uye zvitendero zvekare zveZoroastrian nechiHindu pamwe chete nechiKristu nechiIslam, vakatotambudzwa muIraq naSaddam Hussein. Asi hazvina kumbofanana nezvazviri iye zvino.

Vateveri veiyi nzanga yakapfava yerudzi rweKurds, vane zvitendero zvechitendero zvakarondwa kubva kukare uye zvitendero zvekare zveZoroastrian neHindu pamwe nechiKristu neIslam, vakatotambudzwa muIraq naSaddam Hussein. Asi hazvina kumbofanana nezvazviri iye zvino. Mufananidzo: AFP

BARCELONA, Spain - Pakupedzisira yaive dambudziko remakumi ezviuru zvevaKurdish Yezidis, vachitiza mauto eIslam State (IS/ISIS) muIraq uye vachifa nenzara nenyota pagomo rakaoma, izvo zvakasimbisa rutsigiro rwepasirese kumashure. mauto ePeshmerga.

Mutungamiri weUnited States, Barack Obama, akataura nemusi weChina kuti United States "haikwanise kufuratira" kune IS ichiita "kuuraya" kurwisa Yezidis.
Maawa mashoma gare gare, jets dzeUS dzakatanga kurova kwemauto kurwisa IS munzvimbo dziri kuchamhembe kweNinevhe mudunhu reIraq, kumusha kune mazana emakore eYezidi uye nharaunda dzechiKristu, zvichibvumira Peshmerga kuvhura nzira yakachengeteka kuKurdistan Region, uko zviuru zvatosvika.
MaEuropean heavyweights France, Britain neGermany neChishanu vakaungana vachitsigira kurwisa kweUS kurwisa IS, vese vari vatatu vachivimbisa kubatsira Yezidis.
Pakutanga svondo rino, Mutungamiriri weKurdish Massoud Barzani akapika kudzivirira "hama dzedu dzeYezidi".
Asi ndivanaani veYezidis, vane dambudziko rakabatanidza masimba makuru ekuMadokero kurwisa hutsinye hweIS?
Vateveri veiyi nzanga yakapfava yerudzi rweKurds, vane zvitendero zvechitendero zvakarondwa kubva kukare uye zvitendero zvekare zveZoroastrian neHindu pamwe nechiKristu neIslam, vakatotambudzwa muIraq naSaddam Hussein.
Asi hazvina kumbofanana nezvazviri iye zvino.
Kutanga svondo rino Vian Dakhil, weYezidi muparamende yeIraq, akapopotera pamberi pevamwe vemitemo kuti nyika inofanirwa kubatsira nekuti vanhu vake vanga vachifa makumi maviri paGomo reShingal, kwavakanga vatizira kutiza kusungwa kana kuurayiwa nevarwi.
“Tinoda kubatana kwevanhu! Tiponesei, tiponesei! akateterera achiti.
Chikumbiro chake hachina kunzwika.
"Pakutanga svondo rino, mumwe muIraqi munzvimbo iyi akachema kunyika, 'Hapana anouya kuzobatsira," Obama akadaro muhurukuro neChina. "Zvakanaka, nhasi America iri kuuya kuzobatsira," akadaro, achibvumidza kurova kwendege.
Kusvika parizvino, hapana nhamba dzechokwadi dzekuti vangani vaive mugomo, uye vangani vakafa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nhamba iri mugomo iri kubva pa50,000 100,000 kusvika ku70 XNUMX, ine mishumo yokuti vanenge XNUMX vakanga vafa nenzara nenyota uye kuti mitumbi yakaonekwa ichibva mumhepo yakapararira pakati pematombo.
Vakanga vakahwanda mumatombo kubva guta reShingal rakawira kune varwi svondo rapfuura.
Pane mishumo yokuti muShingal varwi vakanga vatora vakadzi ve500 Yezidi sechisimba chehondo, uye vakatumira mifananidzo yeYezidis akafa paInternet.
Vakuru venzvimbo yeKurdish vaive vataura kuti zviuru gumi zvakanunurwa neChishanu.
Gurukota rezvekodzero dzevanhu muIraq, Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, anonzi akataura kuti varwi vakauraya mazana eYezidis, vachiviga vamwe vari vapenyu uye kutora vakadzi senhapwa. Pakanga pasina humbowo hwakazvimirira hwezvaaitaura.
IS varwi, vakatodzinga maKristu kubva kudzimba dzemadzitateguru avo kuchamhembe kweIraq - kusanganisira Zumar - vanga vachinyanya kunanga maYezidis, avo vavanoona se "vanamati vadhiabhorosi" nekuda kwezvitendero zvavo.
VaYezidis, vanotevera chimwe chezvitendero zvekaresa munyika, vanotenda muna Mwari mumwe chete nevamwari vanomwe, vanonyanya kukosha kwavari Merek Taus, kana kuti "Peacock Angel."

Maitiro avo, akadai sekubhabhatidzwa kwevacheche uye mhemberero yeEucharistic yekumedura chingwa uye kunwa waini iyo inoitwa neYezidis sheiks, inotendwa kuti inotorwa kubva kuchiKristu. Mukuwedzera, vana vechirume vanochecheudzwa, semuchiJudha neIslam.
Kuremekedza kwavo mwoto seratidzirwo youmwari nomuitiro wokusagamuchira vatendeuki kunodavirwa kuti zvinobva mupesvedzero yeZoroaster. Ivo vanewo gadziriro yemapoka uye vanodavira kuberekwazve, sezvinoita vaHindu.
Yezidis vanewo zvavanotenda pamusoro pezvakatangira nyika.

Vanodavira kuti Merek Taus, achitora chimiro chepikoko, akaburuka pasi kuzoripa runako nokuwanda. Mubindu reEdheni akasangana naAdhamu, achimupa mweya uye achimudzidzisa kunamata nguva dzose. Yezidis vanozviona sevana vaAdamu, asi kwete Evha.
Muzana ramakore regumi nerimwe tsika yeYezidi yakagadziridzwa naSufi mukuru, Sheikh Adi, aitarisira kugadziridzwa kwekupedzisira kwakaumba kutenda sezvazviri nhasi, maererano neYezidi Chokwadi Organisation.

Yezidis vanotenda kuti yaive pasi pekutungamira kusingaonekwe kwaMerek Taus kuti Sheikh Adi akagadzira rugwaro, akadzidzisa nziyo neminamato uye akamisa yazvino Yezidi caste system.

Sheikh akavigwa muLalish, anofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzvimbo yekare iyo Peacock Ngirozi yakatanga kusvika, ichiita iyo moyo wemweya weYezidis.
Yezidis vakatambudzwa zvakaipisisa nemazana emakore uye vachipomerwa zvenhema kuti vanonamata dhiyabhorosi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti tsika dzeYezidi dzinodzidzisa kuti Mereki Taus aive ngirozi yakawa, asi akagamuchira kuregererwa naMwari uye akadzoserwa Kudenga. MuchiJuda Chikristu neIslam, ngirozi yakapunzika haina kuregererwa uye inoshorwa.

Yezidis zvakare akatambura zvikuru pasi peHumambo hweOttoman muzana ramakore gumi nemasere neregumi nemapfumbamwe, apo vakapondwa kakawanda.
Pasi pehutongi hwaSaddam misha mizhinji yeYezidi yakaparadzwa sezvo mauto aipinda muKurdistan kuIraq. Muna 2007, panguva yekureba kwekuteura ropa kwemauto eIraq, mazana eYezidis akaurayiwa mukubhomba kwemotokari kuchamhembe kweIraq.

Yezidis nhamba ye700,000 pasi rose, paine vamwe zviuru mazana mashanu munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kweIraq uko IS yanga ichitora maguta avo. Dzimwe nharaunda dzakapararira muArmenia, Georgia, Syria neEurope, kunyanya muGermany.

Yezidis yakagara mudunhu reNinevhe, uye ndevamwe vevagari vekare veIraq, vanotendwa kuti vanobva kuSumerian, Babironi neAsiriya.

Seboka remauto eIslamic State inoramba ichitora nzvimbo dzakawanda dzeIraq, ivo vanorambawo vachidzinga nhengo dzenharaunda yeYazidi. Vashoma vedzinza vakaungana kuchamhembe kwenyika, maYazidis aisazivikanwa kuMadokero svondo rino risati rasvika, asi vanga vari pakati peakanyanya kurohwa nechisimba neISIL, sezvo vakadzingwa kubva kudzimba dzavo vasina zviwanikwa.

Mukupindura, hutungamiriri hwaObama yakabvumidza kurwisa kwendege muIraq, mukuedza kwete kungodzinga varwi veIslamic State, asi kugadzirisa dambudziko revanhu rinosanganisira Yazidis.

"Mumazuva achangopfuura, vakadzi veYazidi, varume, uye vana vanobva munzvimbo yeSinjar vakatiza kuti vaponese hupenyu hwavo," President Obama vakadaro. “Uye zviuru—zvichida makumi ezviuru—zvino zvakavanda pamusoro pegomo, nenguo shomanene kumisana yazvo.”
Mubvunzo unokurumidza kumutswa nemunhu wese, hongu, wanga uri "Ndivanaani maYazidis, uye nei vari kutambudzwa?" Kune nhoroondo refu kuseri kwenharaunda yeYazidi, uye kune zvimwe pane zvakakwana vanotsanangura kunze paInternet vakagadzirira kuenda. Pano paThe Wire, taparura mapoinzi mana akakosha ekutora:

The Yazidi community by the numbers

Nhamba yeYazidis inofungidzirwa kugara muIraq: 400,000 kusvika 500,000
Nhamba yeYazidis pasi rose: 700,000
Nhamba yevapoteri vanoendeswa kuGomo reSinjar (vazhinji maYazidis): 40,000
Nhamba yeYazidis vakatiza nyika sezvo ISIL yakatanga kusimuka kwayo: 70,000

Kusanzwisisana kwakashanduka kuita kunyomba kwakashanduka kuita chitambudzo

Hezvino izvo Yazidi zvinoreva: "Vanamati vamwari." Dzimba rezita rinobva kuPersian “ized,” zvinoreva kuti “ngirozi” kana kuti “mwari.”
Hezvino izvo vanonyanyisa vanofunga kuti Yazidi zvinoreva: "Vanamati vadhiabhorosi" asi isu tichasvika kune izvo. Vamwe vanofunga kuti zita rinobva kuna Yazid ibn Muawiya, mutevedzeri wechipiri asingafarirwe wedzinza reUmayyad achidzokera ku7th Century. Avo vanotenda tsananguro yadhiabhorosi havana kuudzwa zvisizvo: VaYazidi vanotenda kune mumwe munhu mukuru anonzi Yasdan, ane mweya minomwe mikuru inosanganisira Peacock Ngirozi inonzi Malak Taus. Uyewo, Malak Taus, uyo anofungidzirwa kuva mumwe munhu waMwari, ane rimwe zita rokuti Shaytan, iro muchiArab rinoreva kuti “dhiyabhorosi.” Nekuti maYazidi vanotenda mukuzvarwa patsva, Malak Taus aripo, asi izvo hazvitsanangure kutenda kwavo.
Pamusoro paQuartz, maneja mupepeti Bobby Ghosh (aimbova mukuru wehofisi yeTime magazini yeBaghdad) akazvitaura seizvi:
MaMuslim mazhinji eIraqi anodaidza Yazidis se "vanonamata dhiyabhorosi," nekuti imwe yenheyo dzenhoroondo yekutenda yengirozi yakawa yakafanana neiyo shaitan (kana Satani) muIslam. Pandakaenda kuSinjar muna 2003, vandaishanda navo vekuIraq, vaSunni nevaShi'ite zvakafanana, vakashandisa izwi rekuti "vanonamata dhiyabhorosi" sejee, kunyangwe izwi rerudo. ISIL, zvisinei, iri kutora nhema dzekuti satanism seyakaipisisa.

Kupinda kweUS muna 2003 kwakabatsira maYazidis… uye hazvina kudaro

US payakapinda Iraq muna 2003 kuti ibvise hutongi hwaSaddam Hussein, yakatanga kubatsira vashoma vakaita senharaunda yeYazidi. Vakatama kubva mumisha, vakanogara patsva, uye zvikurukuru vakadzivisa kurwa pakutanga kwehondo.
Zvadaro, al-Qaeda yakatanga kutonga nyika, uye yakananga Yazidi. Muna 2007, kuputika kwebhomba kwakarongwa mumusha weYazidi kwakauraya vanhu vangangosvika mazana masere mukurwiswa kumwe chete kwakaipisisa zvichitevera kusvika kwevaAmerica. Kubva ipapo, vaYazidi vakaedza kuramba vari voga munyika yavo ine makomo, asi ivo vakave nyore chinangwa cheIslamic State.
Kukomba kweIslamic State kwakawedzera hukasha nekufamba kwenguva, kutora iyo Yazidi moyo weSinjar kutanga, pamwe nenzvimbo zhinji dzadzo.

Kubatana nevaKurds

Sechivanhu, nharaunda yeYazidi yakavanda kubva mukutyisidzirwa nekubuda mumakomo, asi nekuda kweIslam State, vakatiza kure kupfuura nakare, vaine zviwanikwa zvishoma kuti vapone. Nekuda kweizvi, vari kufa nenzara zvishoma nezvishoma, vachisandura kunetsana kuve kuparadzwa kwevashoma vechitendero.

Kuverenga Torah Kwetatu

Tinoenderera mberi kupera kwesvondo rino nemazuva ese Kuverenga kweTriennial Torah

Eks 1 1 Madzimambo 3-4 Pis 105 Ruka 14:12-15:32

Nhanganyaya muna Ekisodho

“Kubuda ndicho chinyorwa chokuberekwa kwaIsraeri sorudzi,” anodaro The New Open Bible (zvinyorwa zvokusuma kuna Ekisodho). “Zita rechiHebheru, Iwe Shemoti, 'Zvino Aya Ndiwo Mazita,' anobva mumutsara wekutanga muna. 1:1. Ekisodho inotanga na'Zvino' kuiratidza sekuenderera mberi kwaGenesi. Zita rechiGiriki ndiro Ekisodho, izwi rinoreva kubuda, kubuda kana kubuda. Septuagint [shanduro yechiGiriki yeTestamende Yekare] inoshandisa izwi iri kutsanangura bhuku nechiitiko charo chikuru (ona 19:1, 'akabuda')” (1990). Kunyange zvazvo Israeri ari rudzi rwevaranda, achabva muIjipiti achikunda kuti asangane naMwari wavo murenje.

Ekisodho ndiro rechipiri pamabhuku mashanu akanyorwa naMosesi. Jesu akamusimbisa semunyori (enzanisa naEksodo 17:14; Mako 12:26). Apedza kudana Mosesi, Mwari anomutuma kuti atungamirire vanhu. Asi zviri pachena kuti simba rekusunungura vaIsraeri harisi raMosesi. Panzvimbo pezvo, isimba raMambo woumwari wechisiko chapose pose. Nguva yose iyi, utera hwomunhu hunojekeswa zvikuru—kubva pakudzivisa kwaMosesi amene kwokutanga kuda kwaMwari kusvikira kumwoyo wakasindimara waFarao kusvikira kukunyunyuta kusingagumi, kunyunyuta uye kupandukira chaiko kwavaIsraeri.

Zvisinei, Mwari anoratidza kuti akatendeka pakupedzisira. Achanunura vanhu vake. Uye uyu wose unongova mufananidzowo zvawo kana kuti mutangiri wokununurwa kuchauya kwaAchaita nokutumira Jesu—kutanga kufa segwayana rePaseka rechokwadi (rinomirirwa mumufananidzo uri pano muna Eksodho) uyezve kuuya soMuponesi asingafi—kuti aparadze vavengi Vake. uye kukudza vose vanosarudza kumushumira uye kurarama maererano nemutemo Wake, mutemo wakatanga kududzirwa kwatiri mubhuku raEksodho.
Vanochera matongo nenyanzvi dzebhaibheri vakapinda munhaurirano dzine upenyu pamusoro pekuti kugara kwevaIsraeri muEgipita neKubuda kwakaitika zvechokwadi here. “Vadiki” veBhaibheri vanopokana kuva kwenhoroondo yezviitiko izvi, nekuti hapana humbowo kunze kweBhaibheri kwavari. Zvakadaro nyanzvi zhinji dzakatanhamara dzinotsigira huchokwadi hwenhoroondo yemubhaibheri. “'Kushayikwa kwouchapupu,' inodaro nyanzvi yeEgypt Kenneth Kitchen, 'hakusi uchapupu hwokusavapo.' Nahum Sarna, purofesa akasiya zvidzidzo zvebhaibheri paBrandeis University, anopikisa kuti nyaya yokubuda—kuronda, sezvazvinoita mavambo enyika kuuranda nokudzvinyirirwa—'haigoni kuva ngano. Hapana nyika ingangozvigadzirira pachayo, uye nokutendeka kuendesa zana remakore mushure mezana remakore uye mireniyumu mushure memireniyamu, tsika inonyadzisa uye isingakodzeri yerudzi urwu,' kunze kwekunge iine musimboti chaiwo. 'Kana uri kunyora nhau,' anowedzera kudaro Richard Elliott Friedman, purofesa paUniversity of California paSan Diego, 'ndezvokuti wakabva kuna vamwari kana kuti madzimambo, kwete kuvaranda.'

“Zvamazvirokwazvo, kusavapo kwoufakazi hwakananga hwokuti muIsraeri akagara muEgipita hakushamisi, kana kuti kunokuvadza kuvimbika kweBhaibheri, sezvazvingaratidzika pakutanga. Rudzii rwoufakazi hunooneka, shure kwezvose, hwaungatarisira kuwana hunogona kutsigira nhau yeBhaibheri? 'Varanda, serf uye vanotama-tama vanosiya zvisaririra zvishoma muchinyorwa chezvinocherwa mumatongo,' anodaro [muongorori wezvinoremekedzwa anoremekedzwa] William Dever. Uye sezvo zvinyorwa zvepamutemo uye zvinyorwa muNear East yekare kazhinji zvainyorwa kufadza vanamwari nevanogona kuva vavengi, zvingashamisa zvikuru kuwana nhoroondo yekuparadzwa kwehondo yaFarao yakafa pamadziro etemberi yeEgipita” (Jeffery L. Sheler, Bhaibheri Ichokwadi Here?, 1999, map. 78).

Kunyange Vaiva Muuranda, Israeri Inova Rudzi ( Eksodho 1—2 )

Pano tine kurondedzerwa kwevanakomana vaIsraeri, zvinofadza kwete nenhevedzano yezera, asi vakanyorwa maererano navanaamai vevanakomana. Vakatanga kunyorwa vanakomana vaRea, tevere vanakomana vomurandakadzi waRea (Ziripa), mwanakomana waRakeri Bhenjamini (Josefa akanga atova muEgipita), kwozotevera vanakomana vomurandakadzi waRakeri (Bhiriha). Zvinonzi mhuri yaJakobho ya“vanhu vana makumi manomwe” yakanga yapinda muEgipita ( ndima 5 ), sezvinotaurwa pana Genesi 46:27 . Bva vamwe vanhu vanoona pano kupesana nokutaura kwaStefano muna Mabasa 7 : “Zvino Josefa akatuma munhu kunodana baba vake Jakobho nehama dzake dzose; makumi manomwe neshanu vanhu” (ndima 14). Asi, sezvakataurwa naKristu, “Rugwaro harugoni kuputswa” ( Johani 10:35 ). Uye zvirokwazvo, tsananguro yakapfava inopiwa muna John W. Haley's Zvinonzi Kusiyana kweBhaibheri: “Vana vaJakobho, vazukuru, navazukuru chibvi, vakasvika makumi matanhatu navatanhatu [ Genesi 46:8-26 ]. Kuwedzera Jakobho pachake, uye Josefa nevanakomana vake vaviri, tine makumi manomwe. Kana kune makumi matanhatu nevatanhatu tikawedzera vakadzi vapfumbamwe vevanakomana vaJakobho (vakadzi vaJudha naSimeoni vakanga vafa; Josefa haaigona kunzi aizviti, mudzimai wake, kana vanakomana vake vaviri muEgipita; uye Jakobho anodudzwa zvakasiyana naStefani) , tine vanhu makumi manomwe nevashanu, semuna Mabasa” (p. 389).

Asi vaIsraeri vaisafanira kuramba vari pauwandu uhwu kwenguva refu. Mwari akanga avimbisa nesungano naAbrahama kuti vana vake vaizowanda senyeredzi dzokudenga uye sejecha remahombekombe egungwa (Genesi 22:17-18). Akadzokorora vimbiso iyoyo naIsaka ( 26:4 ) uye naJakobho ( 28:14 ), uyo akazonzi Israeri ( 32:28 ). Zvino tinoona muna Eksodho mavambo okuzadzika kwechipikirwa ichocho, chinosimbiswa nokushandisa rondedzero shanu dzakasiyana: “vakabereka”; “yakawedzera zvikuru”; “kuwanza”; “akava nesimba guru kwazvo”; “nyika yakanga izere navo.” Zvinoita sokunge Mwari akafuridzira Mosesi kuti asimbise pfungwa yokuti Akanga ava kutanga kuzadzisa zvipikirwa zvakaitwa kuna Abrahamu, Isaka naJakobho. Zviri nyore kukanganwa Shoko raMwari, kunyanya kana tawira panguva dzakaoma, asi izvi zvinoratidza kutendeka kwaMwari kuzvipikirwa zvake.

Zvino tinorava kuti makore akati kuti apfuura kubvira apo Josefa nemhuri yake (kubatanidza vakoma vake nemhuri dzavo) vakafa vose. Pharaoh mutsva apinda musimba asingazive, kurangarira kana kubvuma mabasa nechinzvimbo chaimbove naJosefa. Bvunza nhamba ipi neipi yevechiduku vakura nhasi kana vachiyeuka varume vakadai saDwight Eisenhower, Winston Churchill, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson naRichard Nixon. Hazvitore nguva yakareba kukanganwa varume vakambobata zvinzvimbo zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya. Asi muEgipita maitiro acho akanga akaipa zvikuru. Pakanga pasina mabhuku ekuverenga kana nhau dzepaTV dzekuona. Uye Farao mutsva aiwanzodzima humbowo hwembiri yafaro wekare kuti azvikudze mumeso evanhu.

ichi Farao mutsva zvino anoona vaIsraeri setyisidziro nemhaka yenhamba yavo yakakura uye inowedzera. Saka vaIjipiti vanoronga zano rokuita kuti vaIsraeri vanyatsozviisa pasi pouranda. Izvi zvese zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwaMwari hwaakazivisa kuna Abrahama (Genesi 15:13-14). Kuedza kwaFarao kushandisa vatariri vebasa kuti vaputse mafungiro evaIsraeri, kukanganisa utano hwavo nemaawa akawanda ebasa rakaoma uye kuvatadzisa kuva nevana vaizoberekwa muuranda kwakanga kusingashandi. Saka chirevo chakaziviswa kuuraya vana vechirume, nokudaro vachidzora kuwedzera kwechiverengero chavagari vapasi. Zvinofadza kuona kupindira kwaMwari pano, sezvo vananyamukuta havana kurangwa nokuda kwokusateerera murayiro waFarao. Chokwadi, Mwari akakomborera vananyamukuta nokuda kwokumuremekedza kwavo! Farao akabva arayira vaIjipiti kuti vaurayise vana vechirume vechiHebheru. Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vakaurayiwa, hazvibviri kuti murayiro wacho wakagara kwenguva refu sezvatinogona kuona kuti panguva iyo Mosesi akadzoka kuzotungamirira vaIsraeri kubuda muIjipiti ava murume mukuru (muma80), varume vakuru vaIsraeri vaisvika vanenge 600,000 XNUMX.

Soromoni Anokumbira Uchenjeri ( 1 Madzimambo 3; 2 Makoronike 1:1-13 )

Farao weEgipita anopa mwanasikana wake kuti aroore kuna Soromoni, achisimbisa mubatanidzwa pakati peEgipita naIsraeri. "MuMiddle East yekare, mibatanidzwa yezvematongerwo enyika yaiwanzobvumidzwa nekuroora kwemwanakomana wamambo kumwanasikana wemumwe" (Nelson Kudzidza Bhaibheri, ona 1 Madzimambo 3:1). Asi nyaya iyi inoshamisa muzvinhu zviviri. Kutanga: “Kunze kwemamiriro ezvinhu asina kujairika, vanafarao veEgipita havana kuchengeta tsika iyi (asi ona 1 Mak. 4:17, 18 ). Naizvozvo, kupiwa kwomwanasikana waFarao kuna Soromoni kwakaratidza kukura nokukosha kwamambo weIsraeri kuna mambo weIjipiti” (chinyorwa chimwe chetecho). Chechipiri: Farao ndiye anopa mwanasikana wake kumutongi wokune imwe nyika pamwe chete neroora, zvichiita kuti Soromoni aite semukuru mumubatanidzwa wacho. Zvingangodaro kuti Farao ndiye akatanga kutaura mubatanidzwa uye muchato, pane kuti ive chinhu chaitsvakwa naSoromoni. Muchinoitika chipi nechipi, sorutivi rweroora, farao anopa Soromoni akatapwa, kunyange zvazvo akaparadzwa, guta revaKanani riri pedyo nomuganhu wavaFiristia, iro Soromoni anovakazve seguta renhare ( 1 Madzimambo 9:15-17 ). Soromoni anogovera mwanasikana waFarao zvakanaka, achimuvakira imba chaiyo yakaitwa maererano neyake ( 3:1; 7:8; 9:24 ).
Funga kuti chiitiko ichi chinorevei kana toreva nezvesimba nomukurumbira zvaSoromoni. Mufananidzo weIsraeri serudzi rusina basa munguva yaDavidi naSoromoni hauna kururama. Dhavhidhi akanga atobatanidzwa naMambo Hirami weTire, mutongi weUmambo hweFenikiya, uhwo hwaidzora zvokutengeserana zvekare zvomugungwa ( 2 Samueri 5:11-12 ). Kubatana uku kunoenderera mberi pasi paSoromoni (1 Madzimambo 5:1). Asiria inoramba isina simba uye yakakundwa panguva ino, David sezviri pachena achitokwanisa kutonga pamusoro pemasimba eMesopotamia (ona zvinoratidzwa pana 1 Makoronike 19 na 2 Sameri 10). Uye zvino Egipita, rimwe simba guru renyika yekare, rinokumbanira mubatanidzwa weIsraeri neFenikiya—naSoromoni sezviri pachena agere somukuru pakati peshamwari dzake. Izvi zvinotoshamisa. Uye ukuru hwechokwadi hwekutonga kwaSoromoni hahusati hwamboonekwa sepapfundo rino mukuyerera kwenyaya.

Tinotevera kuona pfungwa yakataurwa yekuti vanhu vaipira panzvimbo dzakakwirira (1 Madzimambo 3:2). Kunyange zvazvo izvi pakutanga zvaireva nzvimbo dzokunamatira dziri pamusoro pezvikomo, rakazopedzisira rava izwi rinowanzoreva nzvimbo ipi neipi yokunamatira. Chifo chokuparadzwa kweShiro nokuparadzaniswa kwetabhenakeri neareka, uye kutozosvikira tembere yavakwa muJerusarema, hapana nzvimbo imwe yakagadzwa yokunamatira yakanga iripo. Saka nzvimbo dzakawanda dzaishandiswa pakubayira uye kupisa rusenzi—zvichida kunyange dzimwe nzvimbo dzaimbonamatira zvechihedheni.

Chiratidzo chokuti tsika yazvino yavanhu yakanga isingagamuchiriki inowanwa pana 1 Madzimambo 3:3 , apo tinoudzwa kuti Soromoni “akada Jehovha, akafamba nomumitemo yababa vake Dhavhidhi; asi wakabayira nokupisa zvinonhuhwira pamatunhu akakwirira. Kunyange zvakadaro, pfungwa huru yaSoromoni panguva iyi yakanga iri yokutsvaka nokuteerera Mwari. (Kunofanira kucherekedzwa kuti gare gare madzimambo akarurama aJudha akabvumira nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzakadaro kuvapo—sezviri pachena asinganzwisisi chinetso padziri.)

The ishe nzvimbo yakakwirira—ndiko kuti, nzvimbo huru yokunamatira—zvino yakanga yava paGibhiyoni, sezvo ndiko kwaiva netabernakeri neatari yendarira yapakuvamba panguva ino ( 1 Madzimambo 3:2-4; 2 Makoronike 1:3-6 ). Sezviri pachena iyi yakanga iri nzvimbo inogamuchirika yokunamatira. Soromoni anoenda ikoko kazhinji mumakore ake okutanga samambo kundonamata Mwari. Pane kumwe kushanya kwakadaro, Mwari anozviratidza kwaari muchiroto ndokumuudza kuti aizomupa chipi nechipi chaanoda. Soromoni anonangidzira ngwariro pabasa guru rokutonga vanhu, uye ane kuzvininipisa nepfungwa, nokuda kwemirairidzo yababa vake Dhavhidhi (enzanisa na 1 Makoronike 22:12; Zvirevo 4:3-9 ), kukumbira uchenjeri, zivo uye mwoyo unonzwisisa. kuita mabasa ake mukutonga vanhu vaMwari ( 2 Makoronike 1:10; 1 Madzimambo 3:9 ).

Dhavhidhi angadai akada kuti Soromoni aise pfungwa dzake pakuwana kunzwisisa nouchenjeri kuramba vakatendeka mukuchengeta mitemo yaMwari (2:3; 1 Makoronike 22:12-13; 28:7, 9; 29:19). Hazvina kukwana kutonga zvakarurama. Mutungamiri anofanira kuva akarurama pachake. Kunyanguvezvo, Mwari anoororwa nechikumbiro chisina udyire chaSoromoni panguva ino, uye kwete bedzi kumupa zivo nouchenjeri, asiwo pfuma huru norukudzo zvaangadai akakumbira. Uye kana akaramba ari munzira yaMwari, aizopiwawo upenyu hurefu ( 1 Madzimambo 3:14 ).

Muenzaniso wouchenjeri hwokutonga uhwo Mwari akapa mambo unoratidzwa muchinoitika chepfambi mbiri nomucheche, nhau ichiri yakakurumbira kunyange pakati paavo vane zivo shomanene yeBhaibheri.

Hurumende yaSoromoni (1 Madzimambo 4)

Soromoni ane boka chairo ravakuru vakuru voruwa vanoronga zvokudya zvamambo neimba yake huru inokura (ona 1 Madzimambo 11:3). Vaviri veava vakuru vakuru voruwa vanova rutivi rwemhuri kupfurikidza nokuroora vanasikana vaSoromoni ( 4:11, 15 ). “Gadziriro dzarondedzerwa pano dzingadai dzakadyisa vanhu vanenge 4,000 5,000 kusvika ku14,000 XNUMX kunyange zvazvo kumwe kufungidzira kunosvika XNUMX XNUMX! Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti Soromoni akagadzira hutongi hwakakura, hwakaoma, uye ivhu raive rakapfuma zvekuritsigira” (Shamwari yemuverengi weBhaibheri, chinyorwa pandima 20-23).

Uchenjeri hwaSoromoni hahuna kungogumira pakunzwisisa pakusarudza. Anozivikanwawo munyika yose yezuva rake nokuda kwezvirevo nenziyo dzake, dzakawanda dzacho dzakachengetwa sorutivi rweMagwaro. Uye anokudziridza zivo yakadzama musayenzi: “Kuti Soromoni ‘akatumidza zita’ ( 1 Madzimambo 4:33 , NIV, ‘rakarondedzerwa’) zvirimwa nemhuka kunoreva kuti aiva nyanzvi yoruzivo rwemhuka nesayenzi yezvinhu zvipenyu” (ona pandima 29-34) . Anobatanidzwawo mumabasa okuvaka, mamwe acho ticharava nezvawo muzvitsauko zvishomanene zvinotevera, uye mamwe anorondedzerwa muna Muparidzi ( 2:4-6 ).

Nokutonga kuine rugare kwaSoromoni, Judha neIsraeri zviri kuwedzera nokuwanda kwevanhu uye nguva dzakanaka. Rugare nekubudirira kukuru kwakaunzwa naMwari waiva mufananidzo wemamiriro ezvinhu achaitwa nenyika yose apo Jeshua anodzoka uye achitonga pasi (1 Madzimambo 4: 20-25; ona Mika 4: 4).

“Anoyeuka Sungano yake Nokusingaperi” ( Pisarema 105 )

Pisarema 105 inopfuurira kubva mumapisarema maviri apfuura pamusoro pomusoro wokurumbidza nokuonga Mwari nokuda kwebetsero Dzake—muchiitiko ichi, nokuda kwetarisiro Yake chaiyo negadziriro nokuda kwaIsraeri mukuzadzikwa kwezvipikirwa Zvake. Takamboverenga Pisarema 105 pamwe chete nokuunza kwaDhavhidhi Areka yesungano kuJerusarema—nokuti ndima 15 dzokutanga dzepisarema racho dzakatorwa muchikamu chokutanga chorwiyo rwaDhavhidhi rwakagadzirirwa chiitiko ichocho ( 1 Makoronike 16:4-36 ). Munguva pfupi yapfuura takaverenga Pisarema rechi96, rinotorwa muchikamu chechipiri chepisarema iroro muna 1 Makoronike. (Ona tsinhiro dzePurogiramu Yokuverenga Bhaibheri pana 1 Makoronike 16:4-36; Pisarema 105:1-15; 96; 106:1, 47-48 uye Pisarema 105:16-45; 1 Makoronike 16:37-43; 2 Samueri 6:20-23.)

Sezvakangoita chirevo chimwe chetecho chedzidziso kana kurumbidza “Rumbidza JEHOVHA, O mweya wangu!” rinowanika panotangira uye panoperera Mapisarema 103 ne104, zvinoita sezvingangoita kuti imwe dzidziso yokuti, “Rumbidzai Jehovha!” (ChiHebhuru Hareruya!) rinowanika panotangira uye panoperera Mapisarema 105 ne106—mapisarema maviri okupedzisira eBhuku IV muPsalter. Zvinoita sokuti dzidziso yokuti “Rumbidzai Jehovha!” panoperera Pisarema rechi104 panofanira kutanga Pisarema rechi105—sezvarinoita mu<em>Septuagint—inotangira kumashoko ari pana 2 Makoronike 16:1 anoti: “Ongai Jehovha!” ( Pisarema 105:1 ). Zvekare, cherechedza kuti dzidziso imwe cheteyo inopedza Mapisarema. -105).
Pisarema 105:1-15 rinotevera manyuko amashoko anobva kuna Dhavhidhi muna 1 Makoronike kupfurikidza nokuraidza vamwe kuonga Mwari, kumutsvaka uye kudana paAri uye kuzivisa mabasa Ake anoshamisa kuvamwe—imwe nzira inokosha iri kupfurikidza namapisarema akadai seiri. Shanduko diki dzinogona kucherechedzwa kubva kunobva zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, Pisarema 105:6 inonongedzera kuvaIsraeri (“vana vaJakobho”) se“mbeu yaAbrahama muranda wake” panzvimbo pe“mbeu yaIsraeri muranda wake” ( ona 1 Makoronike 16:13 )—zvichida kusimbisa sungano. naAbrahama akataura ndima shoma gare gare. Zvose zvinotsanangurwa ndezvechokwadi. Kufambira mberi kwemadzibaba (Abrahama, Isaka naJakobho/Israeri) kunowanikwa muna 1 Makoronike 16:16-17 naMapisarema 105:9-10. Mubhuku rose reMapisarema zita rokuti Jakobho rinowanika ka34 nepo Abrahama achidudzwa nezita muPisarema rechi105 bedzi ( ndima 6, 9, 42 ) uye 47:9—uye Isaka anoyeukwa nezita muPisarema 105:9 bedzi.

Muna 1 Makoronike 16 , Dhavhidhi akanga asimbisa dingindira rokurangarira—kuti vaIsraeri vayeuke mabasa anoshamisa aMwari nokutonga kwake ( ndima 12 ) uye vayeuke sungano yaakaita nemadzitateguru yokupa vazukuru vavo nyika yeKenani ( ndima 15-19 ) ) Nongedzo yokutanga (ndima 12) inodzokororwa muPisarema rechi105 neshoko neshoko (ndima 5). Asi muchirevo chechipiri, pane kudana vateereri kuti “vayeuke sungano yake nokusingaperi” (1 Makoronike 16:15), Pisarema 105 rinoti izvozvo. “Iye anorangarira sungano yake nokusingaperi” (ndima 8). Kuchinja kwakaitika pano kungaita sokunosimbisa kuti kunyange kana vanhu vakasayeuka, Mwari anoyeuka. Izvi zvinoratidzirazve, mukuwirirana namamwe mapisarema echikamu chino, betsero dzaMwari—pano kuva kutendeka Kwake kusingagumi. Musoro mumwe chetewo wokurangarira unovakirwa gare gare mundima 42, umo kutendeka kwaMwari kunoratidzirwazve.

Mashoko aDhavhidhi ari muna 1 Makoronike 16:20-22 , anodzokororwa muna Mapisarema 105:13-15 , anorevazve madzitateguru. Mwari akanga avavimbisa nyika yeKenani senhaka apo mhuri dzavo dzakanga dziri shoma muchiverengero uye ivo chaizvoizvo vakanga vari vatorwa munyika, iyo yakawanda zvikuru yakanga isingadzorwi navo ( ndima 11-12 ). Kunyange zvazvo asina kukurumidza kuvapa iyi nyika yokumusha, Mwari akavadzivirira pakukuvadzwa panguva iyoyo sezvavaifamba savafambi kubva kurudzi kuenda kune rumwe rudzi noumambo kuenda kuumambo ( ndima 13-14 ). Pamusoro pokutuka kwake madzimambo nokuda kwavo, achiudza ava vatongi kuti vasakuvadza vakazodzwa Vake ( ndima 15 )—pano zvakafanana navaporofita Vake ( vhesi imwe cheteyo)—cherechedza mienzaniso miviri muupenyu hwaAbrahama ( ona 12:10-20; 20 ) :1-17). Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, Mwari akaudza Abhimereki (mambo wevaFiristiya weGerari) kuti Abrahamu aiva muprofita (ndima 7). Dzimwe nyaya dziri muna Genesisi dzinoratidza kuti Mwari akaramba achitarisira upenyu hwe

Isaka naJakobho, achivadzivirira kune avo vaizovakuvadza.
Tinobva taenda muchikamu chokupedzisira chePisarema 105, chaivapo kwete zvakatorwa mukunyora kwekutanga kwaDhavhidhi muna 1 Makoronike 16. Munyori wechikamu chino chokupedzisira haazivikanwi. Angave aiva Dhavhidhi kana kuti, nyore nyore, mumwe munhuwo zvake kubvira panguva yake kusvikira panguva yaEzra anopfuura mazana mashanu emakore gare gare. Chikamu ichi chinotevera chivimbiso chaMwari chokupa nyika yeKenani kuvaIsraeri nokutaura nyaya yezvakazoita kuti vazogara nhaka (ndima 16-45).

Wezvamapisarema anotora nhauro yaGenesi nenhau yaJosefa, akatengeswa navakoma vake muuranda ndokuguma ava mutongi weEgipita yose pasi paFarao. Ari mutorongo, Josefa, nefuridziro yaMwari, akadudzira zvakarurama zviroto zvakapesvedzerwa nenzira youmwari zvomubiki nomudiri waFarao—achizoita kuti asunungurwe. Izvi sezviri pachena ndizvo zvinonongedzerwa kwazviri muPisarema 105:18-19 , iyo NIV inoshandura ichiti Josefa akaiswa mutorongo “kusvikira zvaakataura zvaitika, kusvikira shoko raJehovha raratidza kuti ndeechokwadi.” Josefa akabva adudzira zviroto zvaFarao kureva kuti nguva yezvakawanda yaizoteverwa nenguva yenzara—uye Farao akagadza Josefa somukuru wake kana kuti mutungamiriri wehurumende kuti atarisire kuchengetwa kwezvokudya nokuda kwenzara.
Ikoku pakupedzisira kwakabatira kugovera mukati menguva yenzara nokuda kwaIsraeri baba vaJosefa kana kuti Jakobho nemhuri yake yose—avo vakauya kuzogara muEgipita. Ndima 16 inozivisa kuparadzwa kwegadziriro uye mhedzisiro yenzara ibasa raMwari. Uye ndima 17 inozivisazve Josefa achitumwa somuranda kuEgipita kuva nezano raMwari—kuti agovere vanhu Vake. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo izvo Josefa akabvuma mukuvimbisa vakoma Vake kuti aisazovatsiva: “Mandifungira zvakaipa; asi Mwari akafunga kuti zvive zvakanaka, kuti zviitwe sezvazvakaita nhasi, kuti vanhu vazhinji vararamiswe. Naizvozvo zvino musatya; Ndichakuchengetai imi nevana venyu.” ( Genesisi 50:20-21 )

Cherekedza, sezvineiwo, kuti Egipita inonongedzerwa kwairi pano se“nyika yaHamu” ( Mapisarema 105:23, 27; 106:22 ; enzanisa 78:51 ). Hamu akanga ari mumwe wevanakomana vatatu vaNoa, uye kubva kwaari kwakabva Mizraimu kana vaEgipita ( Genesi 10:1, 6 ). The H muna “Ham” yaidudzwa seanoshuva zvikuru kana kuti “akakosora” K—kuti zita racho rigogona kunyorwa saKhem (sokushandura kunoita Shanduro yeMoffatt shoko racho muMapisarema 105 ne106). Khem (dzimwe nguva inopereterwa kuti Chem) raive zita rekare reEgypt, rakanyorwa nerunyoro rwehieroglyphic seKM, zita rinoreva "dema" kana "kupisa" (mupfungwa ye"kupisa."). Shoko rokuti “dema” rinoreva pano rinowanzonzwisiswa kureva ivhu rakasvibira rakaorera richitevedza kureba kwerwizi rwaNire. Asi zita rokuti Khem rinogonawo kubva pazita rokuti Hamu, iro rine zvarinoreva zvakafanana, kana kuti kureva vazukuru vaHamu vane ganda dema.

Mhuri yaJakobho yakakura uye yakabudirira muEgipita kusvikira Mwari ashandura mwoyo yavaEgipita “kuti vavenge vanhu vake… nokunyengera varanda vake” ( Pisarema 105:25 ). Munyori wepisarema hapana kana nguva yaanombobvunza kuti nei nhoroondo refu iyi yemanomano uye kuchinja yakanga iri madikanwa pakupa Nyika Yakapikirwa kuvazukuru vaAbrahamu. Anovimba naMwari. Kuita kwaIshe zvishamiso zvinoshamisa munguva yeEkisodho inouya inotevera mukuyerera kwengano kwaikosha kuvaIsraeri. kurangarira (ona Dhuteronomi 15:15).

Mukusuma Eksodho, wezvamapisarema anotaura kuti Mwari akatuma Mosesi naAroni kuzoita zviratidzo nezvishamiso ( Pisarema 105:26-27 ; enzanisa naEksodho 4; 7:8-13 ). Iye ipapo anotevera nerondedzero yamadambudziko ayo Mwari akarova nawo Egipita ( Pisarema 105:26-36 ; enzanisa naEksodho 7:14–12:30 ). Munyori wepisarema anotanga nedenda rerima ( Pisarema 105:28a ) iro rakanga riri repfumbamwe pamatambudziko gumi. Zvingangodaro kuti aishandisa izvi kumiririra nenzira yedimikira matambudziko ese senguva yerima yekutambudzika kweEgipita. Uye izvi zvingave zvakagadzirirwa sekutamba pamashoko-kutumira kwerima kana rima pa "Black Land" (se "nyika yaHamu" mundima yapfuura zvingareva).

Chikamu chechipiri chevhesi 28 chakonzera kuoma kukuru mukududzira. NKJV inoti: “Uye havana kumukira shoko rake.” Vamwe vanotora “iwo” sa“aya”—vachinongedzera kumatambudziko anotevera mundima shomanene dzinotevera, kureva kuti iwawa (mupfungwa inofananidzwa nomunhu) haana kutsauka pakuita izvo Mwari akavatuma kuita. Vamwe vanotora “ivo” vendima 28 kuva “ivo” vendima 27, kureva Mosesi naAroni ( ndima 26 ), izvo zvingareva kuti havana kutsauka pakuzadzisa zviratidzo zvavakapiwa naMwari kuti vaite. Vamwe vanofunga kuti “ivo” mundima 28 vachireva “ivo” vendima 25, pakati pavo pane zviratidzo zvakaitwa—kunyange zvazvo zvisina kujeka kana izvi zvichireva vaIsraeri kana kuti vaIjipiti ( ona ndima 24-25 ). Kana vaIsraeri, ndima. 28 zvichireva kuti havana kupikisana nekuita zvavakanga varairwa naMwari panguva iyi—kureva, kuchengeta Paseka, nezvimwe.

Zvisinei, shoko rokuti “ivo” riri mundima 28 rinowanzonzwisiswa richireva vaEgipita, se“vavo” mundima inotevera nenzira yakajeka inonongedzera kwavari. Asi vaIjipiti ‘havana kupandukira sei shoko raMwari’ pavakarangwa nokuda kwokuramba murayiro waMwari wokusunungura vanhu vake? Dzimwe shanduro dzeBhaibheri dzinoedza kugadzirisa ichi chinetso nokudonhedzera shoko rokuti “kwete” pamberi po“kumukira”—kureva kuti vaEgipita. akaita mupanduki. Zvisinei, shoko rechiHebheru rokuti “kwete”—lo- zviri pachena pano. NIV neJewish Publication Society Tanakh inogadzirisa dambudziko iri zvine musoro nekududzira mazwi semubvunzo wakapusa: "... nokuti havana kumukira mashoko ake here?" Imwe bviro ndeyokuti kutaura kuno kunotaura nezvomuuyo wokupedzisira wamadambudziko ose—kuti rima remadambudziko muchikamu chakapfuura rakaputsa vaEgipita zvokuti havachapandukirazve murayiro Wake wokusunungura vanhu Vake. Pakupedzisira, zvingangove kuti chirevo chacho chinongoreva kuti zvachose vaEgipita havana mira Shoko rake (chero mugumisiro)—sezvavakaita Aizoita kwete.

Pisarema racho rinobva radzokorodza matambudziko akasiyana-siyana muhurongwa hwakafanana nehwebhuku raEksodho kunze kwekuchinja nhunzi nenda uye kusvetuka pamusoro pedambudziko rechishanu rekufa kwezvipfuwo uye dambudziko rechitanhatu remamota (uye, sezvatotaurwa, nokuda kwekuva nerima kutanga pfupiso kwete panzvimbo yayo chaiyo inotevera-yekupedzisira). Pisarema racho, tinofanira kuyeuka, rakanyorwa senhetembo uye haritauri kuti rinopa nhevedzano yenhau. Matauriro azvino anogona kunge achienderana zviri nani nemimhanzi.

Tichitevera kurondedzerwa kwechirango cheEgipita, tinoona zvakare gadziriro yaMwari nebetsero nokuda kwavanhu Vake. Pisarema 105:37 rinotaura nezvevaIsraeri pavakaenda vapfumiswa nesirivha nendarama. Apo ndima imwe cheteyo inotaura kuti “pakanga pasina akashayiwa simba” pakati pavo, Literal Translation yaJP Green inoti “hapana aigumburwa.” Iyo NIV inoti "hapana akazununguka" (enzanisa neJPS Tanakh). Nokudaro, Mwari akatarisira vanhu vake zvakanaka kwazvo zvokuti munhu wose akazviita. Ndima 39 inorondedzera shongwe Yake yegore nemwoto, iyo yaidzikamisa vanhu zuva romugwenga masikati ndokuvapa chiedza kuti vaone usiku. Uye mukati mokufamba kwavo murenje akavadyisa nenzira inoshamisa zvihuta, mana nemvura ( ndima 40-41 )—shoko rokuti “vakaguta” pano richirangarira ndaza yebetsero dzaMwari muPisarema 103:5 .

Mwari akaita zvose izvi nokuti (“nokuti”) “akarangarira chivimbiso chake chitsvene” kuna Abrahama (Mapisarema 105:42). Nomufaro uye nomufaro, Mwari akapa nyika yacho ku“vasanangurwa vake,” vazukuru vaAbrahama. Vakagara nhaka nyika yakanga yatogadzirwa kare nebasa revaKenani, saka vaigona kunakidzwa nezvibereko zvayo uye kubatsirwa kwayo. Zvakadaro zvese izvi zvaida mhinduro yemwoyo wose yekutenda (sezvinovamba pisarema) nekukudza Mwari kuburikidza nekuteerera. “Akavapa nyika… kuti vachengete zvaakatema, nokuchengeta mitemo yake” (ndima 45).

Mwari akarangarira sungano yake nezvipikirwa uye akanamatira kwazviri—uye vanhu vaifanira kuita zvimwe chetezvo. Uyezve, iyi mitemo inoshamisa, sebetsero hurusa dzaMwari kuna Israeri, yakapa vanhu rusununguko rukuru zvikuru kupfuura kununurwa kwavo kwokunyama muEgipita. Kupfuura nyika nevanhu vakawanda munyika yeKenani, kuteerera mitemo yaMwari kwaizovaita rudzi rukuru zvechokwadi, seizvo Mwari akanga apikirawo Abrahamu (enzanisa naGenesi 12:1-3; Dheuteronomio 4:6-8 ). Ichi chipikirwa chichiri kuzadzikwa zvizere apo Israeri pakupedzisira anosvika pakunzwisisa zvakafanira ikoku kwose ndokuzviisa pasi zvakazara munzira dzaMwari muUmambo hwaMwari.

Pisarema 105 rinojekesa kuti Mwari ndiye anotungamirira nhoroondo—uye inotungamirira miuyo yayo nokuda kwokubetserwa kwavanhu Vake. Sezvatichaona, pisarema rinotevera rinopfuuridzira dingindira raMwari achirangarira vanhu Vake nokuda kwebetsero yavo huru (enzanisa 106:4-5 ). Apo patinofunga nezvemapisarema aya, dai tose tikabatana mumifungo yedu mukutaura kunovhura nokuavhara: Hareruya! kana kuti “Rumbidzai Jehovha!”

Ruka 14:12–15:32

Jesu anoenderera mberi nedzidziso dzake. Kana waita mabiko, koka varombo, zvirema, mhetamakumbo, mapofu… ipapo ucharopafadzwa. Ucharipirwa pakumuka. Jesu anotaura mufananidzo womuchato, kuti kokero dzakaitwa sei navaranda vomumwe murume. Mumwe nemumwe vanhu vakatanga kuita zvikonzero zvekuti nei vaisakwanisa kuuya.

Saka murume wacho akaudza varanda vake kuti vabude vandokoka munhu wose wavakaona, kuvanhu vaduku. Avo vakatumirwa kukoka vakaita zvikonzero havazoendi chirairo naTenzi. Hapana, asingasiyi zvose kuti atevere Jesu haagoni kuva mudzidzisi wake.

Vanyori nevaFarisi vaibvunza Jesu achidya nevatadzi uye Jesu akavadzidzisa kuti vatadzi ndivo vanoda ruponeso, kuregererwa, uye kuporeswa. Kudenga kune mufaro mukuru pamusoro paivava nemhaka yokuti vakawanwa pashure pokunge varasika. Anotaura mufananidzo wemari yendarama yakarasika uye mufananidzo womwanakomana anopambadza.