Nupepa 5842-007

Aia ka Lunar Sabbath Lie ma o kekahi mau pepa noiʻi maikaʻi loa a ikaika hoʻi e pili ana i kēia Manaʻo Sābati Lunar.

He mea ʻokoʻa: Nā Sābati Lunar Na Larry a me June Acheson
Sābati: helu ʻia mai ka mahina hou? Na Brian Hoeck
Nā Sābati Lunar?  Hoʻomanaʻo Sābati Lunar He wikiō na Yahwehs' Restoration Ministry
http://www.karaitejudaism.org/talks/The_Lunar_Shabbat_Calendar_Issues.htm

ʻO nā pilikia ka lā Sābati Lunar

Na Yochanan Zaqantov

Ua nīnau pinepine ʻia au e pili ana i kēia kumumanaʻo kalena. No laila ua hoʻoholo wau e kamaʻilio i kēia ma aneʻi a huki i mua i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo a kūkākūkā i ke kumumanaʻo a me kona mau pilikia pili me nā ʻoiaʻiʻo a me nā ʻōlelo a ka mea kākau ʻo Jonathan David Brown a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo he manaʻo kahiko e like me ka mea a ka mea kākau i ʻōlelo ai akā he kumu hou ia a ʻaʻole i kumu mai.

Sabati Lunar

ʻO Jonathan David Brown ka mua [Lunar] kiaʻi Sābati i kēia kenekulia i hoʻomaka i ka hana o ka helu ʻana i ka Sābati mai ka lā o ka mahina hou ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hebedoma ʻehiku lā hou. Ua paʻi ʻo ia i kahi puke i ka makahiki 1993 e wehewehe ana i ka hana, a ua ulu ka neʻe ʻana o ka Lā Sābati ma waena o ka Messianic, Armstrong/Church of God and Christian Identity movements. I kēia lā ʻo Arnold Bowen, Matthew Janzen, a me Troy Miller e lawe ana i ka ʻaʻahu o ka Lunar Sabbatarianism, ʻoiai ʻo Jonathan David Brown e kālele ana i kāna hana mele.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_David_Brown#cite_note-2

ʻIke mākou mai Wikipedia ʻo ia ka mea hoʻolaha hou o kēia manaʻo i ka makahiki 1993. Ua paʻi ʻo ia i puke ma kēia. Ua heluhelu au i nā ʻatikala he nui o ka poʻe i hoʻolauna i kēia manaʻo a i ka wā i hōʻike ʻia ai nā pilikia me ia. ʻAʻohe o lākou i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia pepa. Eia naʻe, ʻike ʻia kahi hulina Lunar Shabbat ma ka Pūnaewele ua loaʻa lākou. Aia kekahi mau moʻolelo pilikino e pili ana i kekahi o ka poʻe hahai.

Ka Manao

Hoʻomaka ka manaʻo me Jonathan Brown a hoʻolaha maʻalahi i nā kaiāulu Messianic. Lawe hou ʻia e kāna poʻe hahai i hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia i ka wā. ʻO kekahi o nā huaʻōlelo mai ka mokuʻāina o kāna kākoʻo mai ka Universal Jewish Encyclopedia i hōʻuluʻulu mua ʻia e Isaac Landman a ua paʻi pū ʻia e Isaac Landman lāua ʻo Simon Cohen.

"ʻO ka 1943 Universal Jewish Encyclopedia volume 10 ʻaoʻao 482, hoʻoponopono ʻia e Isaac Landman ma lalo o ka ʻatikala "Week", i kākau ʻia e Simon Cohen, Luna Hoʻokele o ka ʻImi, ʻōlelo:

“WEEK” (ma ka Hebera shavua). ʻO ka manaʻo o ka pule, ma ke ʻano he māhele o ka mahina, ua ʻike ʻia ma Babulona, ​​kahi i māhele ʻia ai kēlā me kēia mahina mahina i ʻehā mau ʻāpana, e pili ana i nā māhele ʻehā o ka mahina. Ua hoʻomaka ka pule mua o kēlā me kēia mahina me ka mahina hou, no laila, ʻo ka mahina o ka mahina he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau lā ma mua o ʻehā mau lā ʻehiku, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia kēia mau lā hou. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia lā ʻehiku (sabbatum) he lā pōʻino. Ua laha keia ano helu manawa ma ke komohana ma Suria a me Palesetine, a ua laweia e ka poe Iseraela, mahope paha o ko lakou noho ana ma Palesetine. Me ka ulu ʻana o ke koʻikoʻi o ka Sābati ma ke ʻano he lā hoʻolaʻa a kau ʻia ma luna o ka helu koʻikoʻi ʻehiku, ua ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe o ka pule mai kona pili ʻana i ka mahina, no laila i ka manawa o ka lua o ka Luakini he manawa wale nō ia. ʻehiku lā a ʻaʻole hilinaʻi hou i ka mahina hou. Mai ka hoomana Iudaio mai ua lilo ka pule i ka hoomana Kalikiano, a ma o ka hooikaika ana o ka pule hope, ua aponoia a puni ke aupuni o Roma; (pono i ka kuhikuhi pololei)

ʻO ka pilikia mua me kēia ʻōlelo ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Shabattum ma ka ʻōlelo Hebera akā ʻo Babulona a no ka lā 19 wale nō o ka mahina. E hōʻike aku au i kēia ma hope ma ka hope o ka pepa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pilikia me kēia ʻōlelo ʻo ia ka manaʻo he poʻe lawe nā mamo a ʻIseraʻela i kēia hana ma Babulona no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e nānā i ka hōʻike o ke Akua i hana i nā ʻōnaehana ʻehiku lā ma Bereshit / Genesis 2: 2-3, a me kāna hoʻolauna ʻana iā lākou. ma Exodus 16. Mamua o ka noho pio ana o ka Sabati.

Kan. 2:2 Ua hoopau ke Akua. i ka lā ʻehiku (bayom hasheviy'iyבַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי), kana hana ana i hana'i, a laila ua oki, i ka hiku o ka la (vayish'bot bayom hasheviy'iy וַיִּשְׁבֹּת בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי), mai kana mau hana a pau ana i hana'i.

GenN 2: 3 Na ke Akua i haawi mai i ka hiku o ka la i kona hoomaikai ana (vayevarekh elohim et-yom hasheviy'iy וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי), a hoʻolaʻa ʻo ia ia mea, no ka mea, ma laila ʻo ia i hoʻolaʻa ai ua oki i kana hana a pau (shavat mikol-melach'to שָׁבַת מִ‍כָּל־מְלַאכְתּוֹ), na ke Akua i hana ma ka hana ana.

Hōʻike kēia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke Akua i nā lā ʻehiku me nā lā ʻeono āna i hana ai i kekahi mea (ka lani a me ka honua a me nā mea a pau i loko o ia mau mea) a hoʻomaha i ka hiku o ka lā a hoʻolaʻa iā ia. ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke hōʻole mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka honua ka pule a i ʻole Shavuʻa he ʻehiku lā. No laila ʻo ka ʻatikala ma luna aʻe mai Simon Cohen e nalowale ana i kahi ʻike i ka wā ma mua o ka Sābati Baibala ma mua o ko Babulona.

A laila, hoʻolauna ʻia ka Sābati iā Benei ʻIseraʻela (Na keiki a ʻIseraʻela) ma Semot/Exodus 16:23-29.

23 ʻĪ maila ʻo ia iā lākou, ʻO ia ka mea a Iēhova i ʻōlelo mai ai: ʻApōpō, he Sābati e hoʻomaha ai, he Sābati hoʻāno no Iēhova. ʻO nā mea a pau āu e makemake ai e bake-bake, a me nā mea āu e makemake ai e hoʻolapalapa; a ʻo ke koena a pau, e mālama ʻia no ʻoukou a kakahiaka. 24 Waiho lākou ia mea a kakahiaka, e like me kā Mose i kauoha mai ai; 25 ʻĪ maila ʻo Mose, E ʻai ʻoe ia mea i kēia lā; no ka mea, he Sābati kēia no Iēhova, ʻaʻole e loaʻa ia mea iā ʻoe ma ke kula i kēia lā. 26 ʻEono lā ʻoukou e hōʻiliʻili ai, akā, ʻo ka hiku o ka lā he Sābati, ʻaʻohe mea ma ia lā. 27 Aka i ka hiku o ka la i hele aku ai kekahi o na kanaka e hoiliili, aole i loaa ia lakou. 28 I mai la o Iehova ia Mose, Ahea la oe e hoole ai, aole e malama i ka'u mau kauoha a me ka'u mau kauoha? 29 ʻIke ʻoe i kēlā Ua hāʻawi mai ʻo Iēhova iā ʻoukou i ka Sābati, no laila, i ke ono o ka lā, hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ʻoukou i ka berena no nā lā ʻelua. E noho kēlā kanaka kēia kanaka ma kona wahi; ʻaʻohe kanaka e hele i waho o kona wahi i ka hiku o ka lā! 30 A oki iho la na kanaka i ka hiku o ka la.

No laila ʻaʻole wale ʻo YHWH i hana i ka pōʻai ʻehiku lā akā ua hōʻike maoli ʻo ia i ka ʻIseraʻela i ka wā i hana ʻia ai. ʻAʻole pono e unuhi ʻia kahi kuʻuna i kēia manawa akā ua aʻo maoli ʻo ia iā lākou. Eia kekahi, inā ʻoe e nānā i ka moʻolelo piha o Shemot/Exodus 16 ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi ʻōlelo o Chodesh (New Moon) i ʻōlelo ʻia. He kūʻokoʻa kēia pōʻaiapuni o kēlā me kēia pule i ka mahina hou. Wahi a kekahi poʻe, ʻo ka lā 15 o ko lākou hiki ʻana mai he Sābati e like me ka Kalena Lunar. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe wahi i kapa ʻia ka lā 15 ma Tanakh he Sābati.

Semot/Exodus 15:17 – 16:1

15:27 A hiki lākou i ʻElima; He ʻumikumamālua nā pūnāwai a me nā lāʻau pāma he kanahiku, a ma laila lākou i hoʻomoana ai ma ka wai.

16 ¶ Hele aku la lakou mai Elima aku, a hele mai la, o ke anaina kanaka a pau o na mamo a Iseraela, i ka waonahele o Sinai, aia ia mawaena o Elima a me Sinai, i ka la umikumamalima mahope iho o ka lua o ka mahina hou, mahope iho o ko lakou puka ana. mai ka aina o Aigupita mai.

Eia naʻe, ʻike mākou ʻaʻole ia he Sābati ka lā 15 o ka mahina hou.

Semot/Exodus 12:33-36

33 Koi ikaika mai la o Aigupita i na kanaka e kipaku koke ia lakou mai ka aina aku: no ka mea, ua olelo lakou, He poe make makou a pau. 34 Haʻi akula nā kānaka i kā lākou palaoa ma mua o ka huʻi ʻana, a nakinaki ʻia ko lākou mau paʻi palaoa i loko o ko lākou ʻaʻahu, ma luna o ko lākou poʻohiwi. 35 A ua hana nā mamo a ʻIseraʻela e like me ka ʻōlelo a Mose; 36 Ua hāʻawi mai ʻo Iēhova i ka lokomaikaʻi ʻia i nā kānaka i mua o ko ʻAigupita, a ua nīnau ʻia mai lākou. Pela lakou i hao ai ia Aigupita.

ʻO ka mua, ma ka Sābati, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻokau i nā ukana, ʻaʻole hoʻi mākou e halihali i nā ukana. Hoouka lakou ia lakou iho a me na holoholona i ka waiwai o Aigupita, a me ka lakou palaoa hu ole.

Pehea mākou e ʻike ai ʻo ka 15 kēia?

Bemidbar/Helu 33:2-3

2 Kakau iho la o Mose i ko lakou hele ana, ma ko lakou hele ana, ma ke kauoha a Iehova. Eia ko lakou hele ana, ma ko lakou hele ana: 3 Hele lakou mai Ramese aku, ka mahina hou mua (bachodesh harishon בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשֹׁון ), i ka lā ʻumikumamālima ma hope o ka mahina mua (bahamishah asar yom lachodesh harishon).  בַּחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר יֹום לַחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשֹׁון ); ma ka la apopo o ka ahaaina moliaola (Mimacharat hapesach  מִֽמָּחֳרַת הַפֶּסַח) Hele aku la na mamo a Iseraela me ka lima kiekie, imua o na maka o Aigupita a pau,

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i haʻalele i ka lā 15 a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a huakaʻi e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole kēia Shabbat. No laila, ʻaʻole ia he Sābati ka lā 15 o ka mahina ʻelua a ʻaʻohe loulou i kahi mahina hou no ka helu ʻana.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike hou aʻe ma ke ʻano he hōʻoia o kā lākou kumumanaʻo mai Yirmeyahu / Jeremia 31:35-36 (34-35 ma Tanakh)

34 Ke olelo mai nei o Iehova penei, Ka mea i haawi mai i ka la i malamalama i ke ao, A me na oihana o ka mahina, A me na hoku i malamalama i ka po, Ka mea i hoala i ke kai, I halulu kona mau ale, o Iehova. O na kaua kona inoa: 35 Ina e haalele keia mau kanawai mai ko'u alo aku, wahi a Iehova, alaila, e pau auanei ka poe mamo a Iseraela mai ka lilo ana i lahuikanaka imua o'u a mau loa aku. {S}

He aha nā kiʻi Chuqot / hana o ka Moon e hoʻomalu i ka pō. No ke aha mākou e ʻōlelo ai, no ka mea, e like me kā mākou i aʻo ai ma mua i ke aʻo ʻana ma ka "Hoʻomaka o nā mahina a me ka Aviv" a me kā mākou aʻo ʻana i ka "19 makahiki Rabbinate Calendar" ʻo Yareach ka huaʻōlelo Hebera no ka mahina a pili ʻia i ka huaʻōlelo Chodesh oia ka Mahina Hou. ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Bereshit / Genesis 1:14-16. (nānā ma lalo) Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka māmā liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kiʻi, ka hana a i ʻole ke kānāwai, pono lākou e noho aliʻi a i ʻole ka ʻōlinolino o ka lani. I ka wā he Honua a me ka lani, ʻaʻole e pau ka ʻIseraʻela i lāhui kanaka mai kona alo aku. ʻAʻohe pili o kēia paukū me ka lā Sābati Lunar.

Bereshit/Genesis 1:14-16

14 I mai la ke Akua, I mau malamalama ma ke aouli o ka lani e hookaawale i ke ao a me ka po; a me ka e hoʻokuʻu lākou no na hoailona, a no ka manawa i oleloia (ulmoʻadim וּלְמוֹעֲדִים), a no nā lā a me nā makahiki; 15 a e lilo lakou i mau kukui ma ke aouli o ka lani e hoomalamalama mai ai i ka honua.' A pēlā nō. 16 Hana iho la ke Akua i na malamalama nui elua; a me na hoku.

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka lā a me ka pō kekahi hana o ka mahina. Hoʻoholo ka Lā a me ka mahina i kahi ʻāpana o ka lā. ʻO ke ahiahi ma hope o ka hapa o ke ao. ʻO ka lua o ka hana o ka mahina ʻo ia kona ʻike mua ʻana ma ke ʻano he cresent ʻike mua e hoʻokumu i ka mahina hou. I kēia manawa, makemake kekahi e ʻōlelo ʻo ka mahina wale nō no ka moʻadim/manawa i koho ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka lā a me ka mahina no ka napoʻo ʻana iā Moʻadim.

Bereshit/Genesis 1:18-19

18 E hoʻomālamalama i ka honua, e hoʻomalu i ke ao a me ka pō, e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mālamalama a me ka pouli. Ua ike ke Akua ua maikai. 19 I laila napoʻo ʻana, a puka mai ke alaula, ʻo ka hā o ka lā.

ʻO ka hana a ka Lā a me ka mahina ʻo ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i ka honua. E hoʻokaʻawale i ka mālamalama mai ka pouli. ʻAʻole like kēia me Bereshit 1: 3-5

3 ʻĪ maila ke Akua, E mālamalama; A he malamalama. 4 Nana aku la ke Akua i ka malamalama, ua maikai ia. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ke Akua i ka mālamalama a me ka pouli. 5 Hea mai ke Akua ka malamalama: La! a me ka ka pouli ana i kapa aku ai, Po!Aia ke kau ana, aia ka wanaao: hookahi la.

Ma ʻaneʻi ke ʻike nei mākou ʻaʻole he hana o ka lā a me ka mahina ma mua akā ʻo ka manaʻo o ka lā i hana ʻia. Hāʻawi ko mākou Akua i ka mālamalama, ʻaʻole ka lā a me ka mahina. ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka wanaʻao no ka mea e hoʻolauna ʻo ia i ka mea heluhelu i ka manaʻo o ka lā. Ke nānā nei mākou i kēia mau mea, ʻike mākou ua hana ʻia ka mahina a i ʻole ka mālamalama liʻiliʻi ma ka lā 4 ʻaʻole ka lā 1 a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i mea hōʻoia no ka helu ʻana o ka pule mahina mai kahi mahina hou.

ʻO ka hōʻike hou aʻe i hāʻawi ʻia he hōʻike ʻoiaʻiʻo ka mahina akā he aha ka mea hōʻike no kēia hihia. ʻO ka paukū ma Tehillim ʻo ia ka berita me Melekh David a i ʻole King David.

Tehilima / Halelu 89:35-38

35 ʻAʻole au e hoʻohaumia i kaʻu berita, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻololi i ka mea i puka aku i waho o koʻu mau lehelehe. 36 Hookahi a'u i hoohiki ai ma ko'u hoano: He oiaio, aole au e hoopunipuni ia Davida; 37 E mau loa ana no kana poe mamo, A o kona nohoalii e like me ka la imua o'u. 38 E hoʻokūpaʻa mau loa ia e like me ka mahina (Kiyara'ach like a hiʻohiʻona paha o ka Moon); a e kupaa e like me ka mea hoike ma ka lani. Selah

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Kaf ke hoʻohālikelike nei i ka Moon ma ke ʻano he laʻana o kahi mea e mau ai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Pela e mau ai ka noho alii ana o na mamo a Davida. ʻO ka Lā a me ka mahina he mau ʻike ma ka lewa a ʻoiai he ʻano like ʻole ia ma ke ʻano o ka mahina, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mahina ʻo ia wale nō ka mea hōʻike ma ka lewa.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo hou aʻe ʻo ia ka pauku i koho ʻia ka mahina no nā kau. Ua nānā mākou i kēia ma nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe

Tehilima / Halelu 104:19

19     Ua hana ʻo ia i ka mahina e hōʻailona ai nā kau (lemoʻadim  לְמוֹעֲדִים); ʻike ka lā i ka wā e napoʻo ai.

Hōʻike maopopo ia iā mākou he unuhi hewa kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole ia he kau akā hoʻonohonoho i nā koho. ʻO Moʻadim ke ʻano nui o Moʻed. Inā ʻoe e nānā i nā ʻano hoʻomaha ʻole o kēia huaʻōlelo hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ʻaʻole kēia he kau akā he manawa i koho ʻia.

Samuel Aleph/I Samuela 20:35

35 A i ke kakahiaka, hele aku la o Ionatana i ke kula i ka manawa i koho ʻia (lemo'ed לְמוֹעֵד) me Davida, a he keiki uuku me ia.

No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka moʻed a i ʻole plural moʻadim he manawa hoʻonohonoho ʻaʻole he kau.

A laila, e nānā kākou i ka huaʻōlelo moʻadim. Ke ho'āʻo nei lākou e'ōlelo he manawa i kohoʻia ka Moon.no ka paukū ma Tehillim. ʻAʻole naʻe i helu ʻia ma Vayiqra 23 ʻo ia kekahi o nā manawa i koho ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻokumu i nā manawa i koho ʻia.

Vayiqra/Leviticus 23: (mau ʻāpana o ka mokuna)

1 ¶ ʻŌlelo maila ʻo Iēhova iā Mose, ʻī maila, 2 E ʻōlelo aku ʻoe i nā mamo a ʻIseraʻela, a e ʻī aku iā lākou, ʻO nā manawa i koho ʻia (moʻadey  מוֹעֲדֵי) a Iehova, ka mea a oukou e hai aku ai he mau anaina hoano, ʻO koʻu mau manawa i koho ʻia (moʻaday  מוֹעֲדָי). 3 ʻEono lā e hana ʻia ai ka hana; akā, ʻo ka hiku o ka lā, he Sābati e hoʻomaha ai, he hōʻuluʻulu hoʻāno; mai hana oe i kekahi hana; he sabati ia no Iehova ma ko oukou mau hale a pau. {P}

Ma ʻaneʻi mākou e ʻike ai i kahi {P} ma ka hope o ka pauku 3 e hōʻike ana i ka haki ʻana o ka ʻōlelo Hebera no laila ke kuhikuhi nei ka poʻe moʻadim ma ʻaneʻi i ka Sābati pule wale nō. No laila ʻo ka plural e pili ana i ka nui o nā shabbats i ka makahiki. No ka mea, ua uhi kēia i nā Sābati ʻaʻohe kauoha e hoʻomaka mai ka mahina hou e hoʻoholo ai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ka mahina hou (Chodesh) ma ke ʻano he Sābati ma kēia mokuna holoʻokoʻa. Ke hoʻomau nei ma Vayiqra/Leviticus 23.

4 ʻO kēia nā manawa i koho ʻia (moʻadey מוֹעֲדֵי) a Iehova, he heluhelu hoano, na oukou e hai aku ai ma ko lākou manawa i koho ʻia (bamoʻadam  בְּמוֹעֲדָם). 5 I ka malama mua (bachodesh harishon בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן), ma ka lā ʻumikumamāhā o ka mahina (lachodesh  לַחֹדֶשׁ) i ka pō, ʻo ia ka mōliaola a YHWH. 6 A ma ka la umikumamalima o ka [like] mahina (lachodesh לַחֹדֶשׁ) ka ahaaina berena hu ole ia Iehova; ehiku la e ai ai oe i ka berena hu ole. 7 I ka la mua, he houluulu hoano no oukou; mai hana oukou i kekahi hana luhi 8 A e lawe mai oukou i ka mohai i kaumahaia ma ke ahi ia Iehova i na la ehiku; i ka hiku o ka la, he houluulu hoano; mai hana oe i kekahi hana luhi. {P}

Hoʻopau hou ka {P} a i ʻole Pey i kēia pauku ma ka ʻōlelo Hebera a hoʻohana ʻia ka mahina hou e hoʻoholo ai i nā lā Hemolele a helu ʻia mai ia lā a hiki i ka hopena o ka lā 14 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lā 15 ma hope o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā 14. e hoʻomaka i ka ʻahaʻaina Pesach a me ka lā mua o ka ʻahaʻaina o HaMatzot. ʻAʻole ia i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi ka mahina e hoʻohana ʻia ana no shabbatot (shabbat plural).

10 E olelo aku oe i na mamo a Iseraela, e i aku ia lakou, Aia hiki aku oukou i ka aina a'u e haawi aku ai ia oukou, a e ohi i ka ai ona, alaila e lawe mai oukou i ka pua o na hua mua o ka oukou ai i ke kahuna. . 11 A e hooluli oia i ka pua imua o Iehova, i maliuia mai no oukou; i ka la apopo o ka la Sabati e hooluli ke kahuna. 12 A i ka la e hooluli ai oukou i ka pua, e kaumaha oukou i keikihipa kina ole o ka makahiki mua, i mohaikuni na Iehova. 13 A ʻo kāna mōhai ʻai, ʻelua hapaʻumi o ka ʻepa palaoa i kāwili pū ʻia me ka ʻaila, he mōhai i kaumaha ʻia ma ke ahi iā Iēhova, i mea ʻala ʻono; a ʻo kāna mōhai inu, he waina ia, ʻo ka hapahā o ka hina. 14 ʻAʻole hoʻi ʻoukou e ʻai i ka berena, ʻaʻole hoʻi i ka hua ʻai, ʻaʻole hoʻi i nā hua hou, a hiki i kēia lā, a hiki i ka wā e lawe mai ai ʻoukou i ka mōhai na ke Akua; He kānāwai mau loa ia i ko ʻoukou mau hanauna ma ko ʻoukou mau hale a pau. {S}

Eia hou, ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia pūʻulu pauku me ka {S} a i ʻole samech e pau ai kēia pūʻulu pauku. E hoʻomaopopo e hiki mai ana kēia, e hana lākou i ka lā ʻapōpō o ka Sābati a i ʻole ka lā ma hope o kēia hihia. ʻAʻole naʻe i helu ʻia mai ka mahina hou. Hōʻike pū ia i ka wā e ʻai ai lākou a ʻaʻole e ʻai i ka hua hou a i ʻole ka ʻala ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano oʻo akā pulu.

E hoʻomau me Vayiqra/Leviticus 23.

15 A e helu oe ia oukou mai ka la apopo mahope o ka la hoomaha (mimacharat hashabbat  מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת), mai ka lā i lawe mai ai ʻoukou i ka pua hoʻoluli; ʻehiku Sābati (Sheva Shabbatot שֶׁבַע שַׁבָּתוֹת) piha (temimot - me ke kīnā ʻole  תְּמִימֹת); 16 a hiki i ka la apopo mahope o ka hiku o ka Sabati (ad mimacharat hashabbat hashevi'it  עַד מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת הַשְּׁבִיעִת) e helu anei oukou i na la he kanalima (tis'peru chamishim yom  תִּסְפְּרוּ חֲמִשִּׁים יוֹם); a e kaumaha ʻoukou i mōhai ʻai hou iā Iēhova. 17 A e lawe mai oukou noloko mai o ko oukou mau hale i elua popo berena hooluli, elua hapaumi o ka epa; he palaoa wali ia, e moa ia me ka hu, i hua mua ia Iehova. 18 A e kaumaha aku oe me ka berena i ehiku keikihipa kina ole o ka makahiki mua, i hookahi bipikane opiopio, a i elua hipakane; e lilo ia i mohaikuni na Iehova, me ka lakou mohaiai, a me ko lakou mau mohai inu, he mohai i kaumahaia ma ke ahi, he mea ala oluolu no Iehova. 19 A e kaumaha ʻoe i hoʻokahi kao kāne i mōhai lawehala, a i ʻelua keiki hipa o ka makahiki mua i ʻālana o nā mōhai hoʻomalu. 20 A e hooluli ke kahuna ia mau mea me ka berena o na hua mua i mohai hoali imua o Iehova, me na keikihipa elua; e laa ia no Iehova no ke kahuna. 21 A e hai aku oe ia la; he houluulu hoano no oukou; mai hana i kekahi hana luhi; He kānāwai mau loa ia ma ko ʻoukou mau hale a pau, i ko ʻoukou mau hanauna. 22 Aia ʻoki ʻoe i ka ʻai o ko ʻoukou ʻāina, mai ʻoki loa ʻoe i ke kihi o kāu mahina ʻai, ʻaʻole hoʻi ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i kāu ʻai; E waiho oe ia mau mea na ka poe ilihune, a na ka malihini: Owau no Iehova, ke Akua. {P}

Ma ʻaneʻi mākou e ʻike ai i ka helu ʻana a ʻo ia ka helu ʻana o ka Omer e alakaʻi iā mākou i ka lā o Shavuʻot a i ʻole Weeks. E hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻōlelo ʻana he sheva shabbatot a i ʻole 7 shabbats, ʻo ia hoʻi e hiki i Chag HaShavuʻot pono kekahi e helu i 7 shabbat a pono e hiki mai ka shabbat ma hope o ka helu ʻana i nā lā ʻehiku piha. Ua ʻōlelo mākou ma mua, ʻo Shavuʻah ka huaʻōlelo no ka pule, ʻo ia hoʻi mai Sheva ʻo ia hoʻi ʻehiku. ʻO ke ala ʻelua e hiki ai i kēia ʻo ka helu ʻana i nā lā 50. E ho'āʻo mākou i kēia ma hope.

Holo i lalo i ka pauku 23:

23 Olelo mai la o Iehova ia Mose, i mai la, 24 E olelo aku oe i na mamo a Iseraela, penei, I ka hiku o ka malama, i ka la mua o ka malama (bachodesh hashevi'I ba'echad lachodesh  בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ), he hoomaha nui ia no oukou (yih'yeh lakhem shabbaton  יִהְיֶה לָכֶם שַׁבָּתוֹן), he mea hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻolaha ʻia me ke kani ʻana o nā pū, he ʻaha hoʻāno. 25 Mai hana ʻoukou i kekahi hana luhi; a e lawe mai oukou i ka mohai i kaumahaia ma ke ahi ia Iehova. {S}

Maanei mākou e ʻike ai ʻo ka mua no ka mahina (baʻechad la chodesh) a i ʻole ka lā mua o ka mahina. A i ʻole ma ka ʻO ka lā mahina hou mākou e helu ai i ka helu 1. ʻAʻohe lā 0.

Holo i ka pauku 44.

44 A hai aku la o Mose i na mamo a Iseraela nā manawa i koho ʻia (moʻadey  מֹעֲדֵי) o YHWH. {P}

Me kēia pauku, ʻike mākou i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka pauku e helu iā lākou ma ke ʻano he Moʻadey a i ʻole nā ​​​​manawa i koho ʻia. ʻAʻole mākou i ʻike i ka helu ʻana mai ka mahina hou ma ka mokuna holoʻokoʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu pinepine a ʻaʻole loaʻa.

ʻO ka mahina hou ma ke ʻano he Sābati?

Hoʻohana lākou i ka ʻAmosa 8: 5 i mea hōʻoia ʻo ka mahina hou he Sābati. Akā, inā ʻoe e nānā i ke Torah, ʻo ka mahina hou kokoke i kahi lā Sābati he Sābati a ʻo ia ʻo Yom Teruʻah.

'Amomi 8: 5

5 I ka i ana, Ahea la e pau ai ka mahina hou, i kuai ai kakou i ka ai? a me ka Sābati, i hoʻomākaukau ai mākou i ka palaoa? E hana ana i ka epa i mea liilii, a i ka sekela i nui, a me ka hoopunipuni ana i na mea kaupaona hoopunipuni;

Ma keia pauku, ike kakou e kali ana kekahi i ka pau ana o ka Mahina Hou, aka, o ka Mahina hou e hiki ole ai ia kakou ke hana a nolaila aole kuai.

Yayiqra/Leviticus 23:23

23 Olelo mai la o Iehova ia Mose, i mai la, 24 E olelo aku oe i na mamo a Iseraela, penei, I ka hiku o ka malama, i ka la mua o ka malama (bachodesh hashevi'I ba'echad lachodesh  בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ), he hoomaha nui ia no oukou (yih'yeh lakhem shabbaton  יִהְיֶה לָכֶם שַׁבָּתוֹן), he hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻolaha ʻia me ke kani ʻana o nā pū (zikh'ron Teruʻah  זִכְרוֹן תְּרוּעָה), he heluhelu hemolele. 25 Mai hana ʻoukou i kekahi mea hana lawelawe (Avodah Melakhah); a e lawe mai oukou i ka mohai i kaumahaia ma ke ahi ia Iehova. {S}

Eia ka Mahina Hou a lakou e kamailio nei. No laila, makemake lākou e pau kēia lā. Akā pehea e pili ana iā Yeshiyahu/Isaiah 66:23

23 A e hiki mai keia, mai kekahi mahina hou a i kekahi mahina, a mai kekahi sabati a i kekahi sabati, e hele mai na kanaka a pau e hoomana imua o'u, wahi a Iehova.

וְהָיָה, מִדֵּי-חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ, וּמִדֵּי שַׁבָּת, בְּשַׁבַֹ;תּוו; יָבוֹא כָל-בָּשָׂר לְהִשְׁתַּחֲו‍ֹת לְפָנַי, אָמַר יְהוָה.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Transliterated:

W'hayah midey-Chodesh bachad'sho wumidey shabbat bashabato Yabo kal basar l'his'tacha'ot lefanai amar YHWH

ʻO ka mea unuhi i ʻōlelo ai:

A e like me ka pinepine o ka mahina hou i kona mahina hou, a me ka la Sabati i kona Sabati e hele mai ai na mea io a pau, no ka mea, e kulou lakou imua o na maka, wahi a Iehova.

E hele mai na kanaka a kulou imua o Iehova i ka la Sabati a me ka mahina hou. Akā, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohālikelike i nā mahina hou me he Sābati. Ma Vayiqra 23 ʻaʻole i kapa ʻia ka mahina hou ma ka awelika ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka mahina 7 ma ke ʻano he manawa hoʻonohonoho (Moʻed). He mau hana ko na Kahuna ma na mahina hou. Hiki iā ia ke wehewehe i ka wehe ʻia ʻana o ka puka o ka luakini o Yehez'qel ma ka mahina hou.

Yehez'qel/Ezekiel 46:1-2

1 ¶ Ke i mai nei Iehova ka Haku penei; E paniia ka puka o ka pahale loko e nana ana i ka hikina i na la hana eono; akā, i ka lā Sābati e wehe ʻia ai ia, a i ka lā o ka mahina hou e wehe ʻia ai ia. 2 A e komo ka mōʻī ma ke ala o ka lānai o ka ʻīpuka ma waho, a e kū ia ma ke kia o ka ʻīpuka, a e hoʻomākaukau nā kāhuna i kāna mōhai kuni, a me kāna mau mōhai hoʻomalu, a e hoʻomana ʻo ia ma ka paepae o ka ʻīpuka. ka puka; alaila e hele aku ia; aka, aole e paniia ka puka a hiki i ke ahiahi. 3 Pela no hoi na kanaka o ka aina e hoomana aku ai ma ka puka o ia puka imua o Iehova i na Sabati a me na mahina hou.

E like me ka paukū mua ma Yeshiyahu 66:23, hōʻike kēia i ka poʻe kūlou i lalo i mua o YHWH. ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi he lā hana ʻole ka mahina hou ma mua o Yom Teruʻah. No ka mea, ʻo ka Chag HaMatzot a me Chag Shavuʻot ʻaʻole ia i kapa ʻia ʻo Shabbatot a Shabbaton paha. ʻAʻole naʻe paha e hana kekahi iā lākou.

ʻO kahi kahi a mākou e ʻike ai i ka Sābati a me nā mahina hou i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no nā ʻālana, Helu 28:9-15.

9 A ma ia hope aku ka la Sabati ʻelua keiki hipa kīnā ʻole o ka makahiki mua, a ʻelua hapaʻumi o ka ʻepa palaoa maikaʻi i mōhai ʻai, i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻaila, a me kāna mōhai inu. 10 ʻO ia ka mōhai kuni no kēlā Sābati kēia Sābati, he ʻokoʻa ka mōhai kuni mau, a me kona mōhai inu. {P}

11 A i kou mau mahina hou e kaumaha oukou i mohaikuni na Iehova; i elua bipikane hou, i hookahi hipakane, i ehiku keikihipa kina ole o ka makahiki mua; 12 A ʻekolu hapaʻumi o ka ʻepa palaoa wali i mōhai ʻai, i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻaila, no kēlā bipi kāne kēia; a i elua hapaumi o ka palaoa wali i mohaiai, i kawili pu ia me ka aila, no ka hipakane hookahi; 13 A me ka hapaʻumi o ka palaoa i kāwili pū ʻia me ka ʻaila i mōhai ʻai no kēlā keiki hipa; i mohaikuni he mea ala ono, he mohai i kaumahaia ma ke ahi ia Iehova. 14 A ʻo kā lākou mōhai inu, ʻo ia ka hapalua o ka hina waina no ka bipi kāne, a ʻo ka hapakolu o ka hina no ka hipa kāne, a ʻo ka hapahā o ka hina no ke keiki hipa. ʻO kēia ka mōhai kuni o kēlā me kēia mahina hou i nā mahina o ka makahiki. 15 A i hoʻokahi kao kāne i mōhai lawehala iā Iēhova; e kaumaha ʻia ia he ʻokoʻa ka mōhai kuni mau, a me ka mōhai inu o ia mea. {S}

Ke nānā wale nei ʻoe i kēia ʻike ʻoe aia nā koi ʻokoʻa no nā paukū Sābati New Moon a no nā Kahuna e hana ana i nā mōhai. No laila, ʻo ka helu ʻana i ka mahina hou ma ke ʻano he Sābati, ua hoʻohui ʻia i ke Torah, ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole mākou e hana.

ʻO Joshua 5 ka hōʻoia o kahi lā Sābati Lunar?

Iosua/Iosua 5:10-12

10 Hoomoana iho la na mamo a Iseraela ma Gilegala, ma ka papu o Ieriko, i ka mohai moliaola, i ka la umikumamaha o ka malama, i ke ahiahi.

11     I ka lā ma hope (mimacharat – ma ka lā ʻapōpō) ka mōhai mōliaola, ia lā nō, ʻai lākou i ka hua o ka ʻāina; berena hū ʻole (matzot) a parched grain (va qalui/kalui – roasted grain). 12 Ia la no, ia lakou i ai ai i ka ai o ka aina, oki iho la ka mane. ʻAʻole i loaʻa hou i nā mamo a ʻIseraʻela ka mane; ia makahiki, ai lakou i ka hua o ka aina o Kanaana.

Ua ʻike mākou ua ʻai lākou i ka hua o ka ʻāina i ka lā ma hope o ka mōhai Pesach, ʻo ia ka lā 15. Ua ʻike mākou ʻo ia ka lā o ka 15 mai ka paukū i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka helu 33:3

Bamidbar / Helu 33:3

3 A hele lakou mai Ramese aku i ka malama mua, i ka la umikumamalima o ka malama mua. Ua ___ ia i ka lā ʻapōpō (mimacharat מִ‍מָּחֳרַת) of ka mōliaola (hapesach הַפֶּסַח) ka poe mamo a Iseraela i hoomaka ai me ka hoowahawaha, imua o ko Aigupita a pau.

ʻO kēia ka lā mua o ka berena hū ʻole. Ua ʻike mākou ua kauoha ʻia lākou e hāʻawi i ka mōhai ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana. ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana ka mōhai a pēlā i pāpā ʻia i ka Sābati. Noloko mai keia o na olelo a Mose, a ina ua ike pono o Iosua ia mea.

Vayiqra / Leviticus 23:9-11

9 Olelo mai la o Iehova ia Mose, i mai la, 10 E olelo aku oe i na mamo a Iseraela, a e i aku ia lakou, Aia komo oukou i ka aina a'u e haawi aku ai ia oukou, a e ohi oukou i kona ai, e lawe mai oukou i ka pua mua o ka oukou ai kahunapule. 11 E hoʻokiʻekiʻe aʻe ʻo ia i ka pua i mua o Iēhova, i ʻāpono ʻia ai no ʻoukou; na ke kahuna ia e hookiekie i ka la mahope o ka la Sabati.

Ina o Iosua i hana pela me na mamo a Iseraela. Ina o ka la 15 ka la Sabati, ina ua uhai lakou i ke kauoha o ka mohai ana i ka mohai Omera i ka la Sabati. ʻO ka lā 15 e like me ka lā ʻapōpō o ka Sābati, e hōʻike ana hoʻi iā mākou, ʻaʻole hiki i ka Shabbat lunar ke kūpono i kēia moʻolelo. ʻO kēia ka lā mua o ka helu ʻana.

ʻAe, e nānā kāua i ka ʻōlelo a ka Lunar Shabbat. Mai ka pūnaewele o kekahi o nā mea mālama i ka Lunar Shabbat ua ʻōlelo lākou:

“Inā ʻo ko mākou ʻike pili i ka palapala hemolele e hiki mai ana ka Sābati mahina hou i ka lā mua o ka mahina, a laila pono mākou e hana ʻeono lā a me ka lā 7, hoʻomaha, hana ʻeono lā a me ka lā 7, hoʻomaha, etc., no 4 shabuwas, a hiki i ka manawa mahina hou e hiki mai ana; e hana a ʻike i nā mea a mākou e aʻo ai.

ʻO ka lā KAKAHI o ka pōʻai mahina hou (mai ka hui pū ʻana) ʻo ia ka LA Sābati mahina hou. Ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻāpana mua ma hope o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā i ke ahiahi o ka lā mua (ua pau ka lā mua) ʻelua mau mea hōʻike e hōʻike ana, puhi ʻia nā pū, hoʻā ʻia nā ahi paʻa ma luna o nā puʻu a me ka hoʻomaha hope o ka mahina (Sābati lōʻihi) pau. ʻApōpō hoʻi nā mea a pau i ka hana a hoʻomaka i ka helu ʻana i ka shabuwa mua (ka manawa ʻehiku e like me "ʻeono lā e hana ai ʻoe a hoʻomaha ʻoe i ka hiku). No laila, ke ʻike nei mākou i kēlā lā ʻO KAHI he lā mahina hou (mālama ʻia he lā Sābati) a laila hana i nā lā ʻeono (lā lunar 2 - 7) a laila hoʻomaha no ka lā 7 o ka Sābati (ma ka lā 8 o ka pōʻai mahina). E helu i ʻehiku lā hou (2nd shabuwa) a hoʻomaha ʻoe i ka lā 15 o ka pōʻai mahina. ʻEhiku lā hou (3 shabuwa) hoʻomaha i ka lā 22 o ka pōʻai mahina a me ka lā 29 o ka pōʻai mahina. ʻO ka wehewehe piha ʻana o kēia ʻano o ka helu ʻana i kikoʻī kokoke i ka hopena o kēia ʻatikala.

I kēia manawa ua hiki mākou i ka Sābati 4 - ka lā 29 o ka pōʻai mahina. He aha ka manawa hauʻoli no ka mea ua pau kā mākou hana i kēia mahina a hauʻoli mākou i ka lā Sābati 7 o Iēhova. I ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā (ʻo ka pau ʻana o ka Sābati 4 o kēia mahina) hoʻomau mākou i ke ʻano Sābati a hoʻomaka koke i ka lā a i ʻole nā ​​lā o ka mahina hou. Ma hope o ka lā piha mua o ka mahina HOU, (ka lā ʻelua o ka MOONTH END PERIOD) nānā mākou i ka lani komohana ma hope koke o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā e ʻike inā ʻike ʻia ka pohihihi mua o ka mahina. Inā ʻike ʻia, puhi ʻia nā pū, ʻā nā ahi paʻa a ʻapōpō hoʻomaka mākou i kahi hana shabuwa hou. [He ʻelua lā ka hopena o kēia mahina]. Inā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka pōʻai mua, e hoʻomau mākou i ka lā Sābati a nānā hou i ka ʻapo mua. ʻIke ʻia a ʻike ʻole paha i kēia lā 3 o ka mahina Sābati i ka hopena/hoʻomaka ahiahi, puhi ʻia nā pū a ʻapōpō hele mākou i ka hana.

Inā ʻaʻole hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā o ka mahina ʻaʻohe (null) [ma hope o ka Sābati 4], ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka lā ONE o ka pōʻai mahina hou. He paʻakikī paha kēia e hoʻomaopopo akā i ka wā o ka mahina no/null, he wā pōʻeleʻele kahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai ka "hōʻike ʻoiaʻiʻo" i kāna mau loli. I kēlā me kēia lā ʻē aʻe o ka pōʻai mahina, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā loli i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā o ka lā. E hoʻomaikaʻi iā Iēhova. http://www.yahwehmusic.com/covenants/burningquestion.htm

Inā pololei kēia a laila ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka Lunar Shabbat. ʻO Crescent Moon ko lākou lā hoʻomaka me ka wā pōʻeleʻele e mālama ʻia he 1 lā no ka mea ʻaʻohe mahina.

Newa moona
ʻO Shabbat

2

3

4

5

6

7

ʻO Shabbat
8

9

10

11

12

13

14

ʻO Shabbat
15

16

17

18

19

20

21

Sābati 22

23

24

25

26

27

28

ʻO Shabbat
29

Newa moona

ʻO Shabbat

Ma ka malama he 30 mau la, malamaia ka Sabati no na la ekolu ma kahi o elua. I kēia manawa ua hoʻoholo mākou i ke ʻano o kā lākou helu ʻana a me ka paukū Tanakh a lākou e hoʻohana ai e kākoʻo i kā lākou kumumanaʻo e ʻike inā hiki ke mālama ʻia me nā koi a me nā hiʻohiʻona i hōʻike ʻia ma Tanakh. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hōʻike mua mākou i hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ka nui o kā lākou hōʻoia. Hoʻohana ka nui o ka Lunar Shabbatarians i nā apocryphal a i ʻole ke Kauoha Hou e hōʻoia i kēia manaʻo akā e pili mākou i ka Tanakh e hōʻike ai inā kākoʻo ʻia kēia kumumanaʻo e Tanakh.

ʻO ka mea mua, He aha ka lā?

Ua ʻike mākou ma nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe i kēlā ahiahi a hana i ke kakahiaka i kahi lā. Pono ʻoe e heluhelu i ka Tanakh e ʻike i kēia. Heluhelu au a pili i ke ahiahi a hiki i ke ahiahi no kahi lā e like me ka mea i helu ʻia no ka lā o Yom Hakippurim (Lev. 23:27,32).

Vayiqra/Leviticus 23:27, 32

27 Aka, o ka la umi o keia malama hiku, oia ka la kalahala; he houluulu hoano no oukou, a e hookaumaha oukou i ko oukou mau uhane; a e lawe mai oukou i ka mohai i kaumahaia ma ke ahi ia Iehova.

32 E lilo ia i Sābati e hoʻomaha nui ai, a e hoʻokaumaha ʻoukou i ko ʻoukou ʻuhane; i ka iwa o ka la o ka malama i ke ahiahi, mai ke ahiahi a hiki i ke ahiahi, e malama oukou i ko oukou Sabati.

ʻO ka Sābati he lā e like me nā lā ʻē aʻe me ka pōʻeleʻele a me ke ao. Pela mai ke ahiahi a i ke ahiahi ka la.

Devarima/ Deuteronomy 23:11

A hiki i ke ahiahi, e holoi ia ia ia iho i ka wai;

Iā ia e kū ana i ke ahiahi, napoʻo ka lā. ʻO ke ahiahi ma hope o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā.

Shofetim/Lunakanawai 19:9

9 A i ke kū ʻana o ua kanaka lā e hele, ʻī akula ʻo ia me kāna haiā wahine, a me kāna kauā, a me kona makuahōnōwai kāne, ka makua kāne o ke kaikamahine, Aia hoʻi, ke kokoke mai nei ka lā i ke ahiahi, ke noi aku nei au iā ʻoe e moe a ao ka pō. , Ua pau ka la, e moe maanei, i lealea kou naau; a i ka la apopo e hele i kakahiaka nui e hoi i ka hale.

Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā.

Semot/Exodus 16:8

8 ʻĪ maila ʻo Mose, Aia hāʻawi mai ʻo Iēhova na ʻoukou i ke ahiahi i ʻiʻo e ʻai ai, a i kakahiaka i ʻai a māʻona; no ka mea, ua lohe mai o Iehova i ka oukou ohumu ana a oukou i ohumu aku ai ia ia: heaha hoi maua? ʻAʻole iā māua kā ʻoukou ʻōhumu ʻana, akā, iā Iēhova.

Ua hānai ʻo Iēhova iā Beni ʻIseraʻela i ke ahiahi, a i ke kakahiaka. No laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka lā hoʻokahi manawa pōʻeleʻele a ukali ʻia e ka wā o ke ao a laila inā e hui pū mākou i 2 a i ʻole 3 mau lā a kāhea aku iā lākou i hoʻokahi lā a laila ua uhaki mākou i kēia lula. ʻAe akā pehea inā he 2 a i ʻole 3 mau lā kēia a he Sābati kēlā me kēia.

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka helu Omer i kēia manaʻo.

No laila ʻike mākou mai ka heluhelu mua ʻana ma Vayiqra 23:15-16 kēlā

15 A e helu oe ia oukou mai ka la apopo mahope o ka la hoomaha (mimacharat hashabbat  מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת), mai ka lā i lawe mai ai ʻoukou i ka pua hoʻoluli; ʻehiku Sābati (Sheva Shabbatot שֶׁבַע שַׁבָּתוֹת) piha (temimot - me ke kīnā ʻole  תְּמִימֹת); 16 a hiki i ka la apopo mahope o ka hiku o ka Sabati (ad mimacharat hashabbat hashevi'it  עַד מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת הַשְּׁבִיעִת) e helu anei oukou i na la he kanalima (tis'peru chamishim yom  תִּסְפְּרוּ חֲמִשִּׁים יוֹם); a e kaumaha ʻoukou i mōhai ʻai hou iā Iēhova.

ʻElua ala e hoʻoholo ai iā Chag HaShavuʻot.

1. E helu i nā Sābati ʻehiku a i ʻole nā ​​Sābati a koho i ka lā ʻapōpō ma hope o ka ʻehiku Sābati.
2. E helu i nā lā he 50.

No laila pehea e hana ai kēia me ka helu? E hoʻāʻo ana mākou i kēia kumumanaʻo a ʻike inā aia kahi ala e hana ai i kēia hana.

1. E helu i nā Sābati a pau me nā Sābati mahina hou.

Newa moona

2

3

4

5

6

7

ʻO Shabbat
8

9

10

11

12

13

14

ʻO Shabbat
15

16
Day 1

17
Day 2

18
Day 3

19
Day 4

20
Day 5

21
Day 6

Sābati1 22
Day 7

23
Day 8

24
Day 9

25
Day 10

26
Day 11

27
Day 12

28
Day 13

Sābati2
29
Day 14

Newa moona

Sābati3
Day 15

2
Day 16

3
Day 17

4
Day 18

5
Day 19

6
Day 20

7
Day 21

Sābati4

8
Day 22

9
Day 23

10
Day 24

11
Day 25

12
Day 26

13
Day 27

14
Day 28

Sābati5

15
Day 29

16
Day 30

17
Day 31

18
Day 32

19
Day 33

20
Day 34

21
Day 35

Sābati6

22

Day 36

23
Day 37

24
Day 38

25
Day 39

26
Day 40

27
Day 41

28
Day 42

Sābati7

29
Day 43

Sābati8

30
Day 44

Newa moona

ʻO Shabbat
Day 45

ʻAe, ʻike mākou ʻo ka lā ʻapōpō o ka Sābati ʻehiku ma ka lā 44 wale nō.

1. Mai helu i ka mahina hou a me nā Sābati waena a e helu mau i nā lā he 50.

Newa moona

2

3

4

5

6

7

ʻO Shabbat
8

9

10

11

12

13

14

ʻO Shabbat
15

16
Day 1

17
Day 2

18
Day 3

19
Day 4

20
Day 5

21
Day 6

Sābati1 22
Day 7

23
Day 8

24
Day 9

25
Day 10

26
Day 11

27
Day 12

28
Day 13

Sābati2
29
Day 14

Newa moona

2
Day 15

3
Day 16

4
Day 17

5
Day 18

6
Day 19

7
Day 20

Sābati3

8
Day 21

9
Day 22

10
Day 23

11
Day 24

12
Day 25

13
Day 26

14
Day 27

Sābati4

15
Day 28

16
Day 29

17
Day 30

18
Day 31

19
Day 32

20
Day 33

21
Day 34

Sābati5

22
Day 35

23
Day 36

24
Day 37

25
Day 38

26
Day 39

27
Day 40

28
Day 41

Sābati6

29
Day 42

ʻO Shabbat

30

Newa moona

2
Day 43

3
Day 44

4
Day 45

5
Day 46

6
lā 47

7
Day 48

Sābati7

8
Day 49

9
Day 50

I kēia manawa, ua hiki mākou i ka lā 50 a me ka lā ʻapōpō ma hope o ka Sābati ʻEhiku akā pono mākou e hoʻomaha i ka helu ʻana i nā lā 3 (2 mahina hou a me kahi lā waena) e hana i kēia hana. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe ala e helu ai i ka 50 a hiki i ka lā ʻapōpō ma hope o ka Sābati ke ʻole ʻoe e haʻalele i nā lā. ʻAʻohe wahi ma Tanakh e ʻike ai ʻoe i ka lele ʻana o ka helu ʻana i nā lā no Omer, New Moon a i ʻole Shabbat. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia kumumanaʻo i kahi manaʻo e mālama ka poʻe ʻIseraʻela i kahi pule mahina / shabbat i ka mea i hana ʻia e hana ai kēia ʻōnaehana. Eia hou, ua lawe ia i 9 mau lā Sābati a hiki i kahi lā 50 e uhaki ana i ka Shabbatot piha 7.

I ka manawa hea i hana ʻia ai ka mahina ma Bereshit/Genesis mokuna 1?

Bereshit/Genesis 1:16-19

16 Hana iho la ke Akua i na malamalama nui elua; a me na hoku. 17 A hoonoho iho la ke Akua ia mau mea ma ke aouli o ka lani e hoomalamalama mai i ka honua, 18 A e alii maluna o ke ao a me ka po, a e hookaawale i ka malamalama a me ka pouli; a ike mai la ke Akua, ua maikai. 19 A he ahiahi a he kakahiaka. ka ha o ka la.

No laila, ua hana ʻia ka mahina ma ka lā ʻehā a ʻaʻole ka lā mua. No laila, he aha ka lā Sābati o ka hana ʻana? E heluhelu kakou.

Bereshit/Genesis 2:1-3

1 Ua paa ka lani a me ka honua, a me ko laila poe kaua a pau. 2 A i ka hiku o ka la, hoopau ke Akua i kana hana ana i hana'i; a hoomaha iho la ia (vayish'vat   וַיִּשְׁבֹּת) ma ka lā ʻehiku (bayom hasheviʻi  בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי) mai kana hana a pau ana i hana'i. 3 Hoʻomaikaʻi maila ke Akua i ka hiku o ka lā, a hoʻāno ia; no ka mea, hoomaha iho la ia i kana hana a pau a ke Akua i hana'i.

A hoomaha iho la ke Akua i ka hiku o ka la.  Ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka mahina i ka lā ʻehā, a i kona puka mua ana, aole ia i helu i ka hoomaha i na la 7 mahope iho aole helu i kona helehelena. Ua hoʻomaha ʻo ia i ʻekolu lā ma hope. Ma hope, haʻi ʻo ia iā lākou ʻo kēia ka lā Sābati.

Semot/Exodus 31:13-17

12 Olelo mai la o Iehova ia Mose, i mai la, 13 E olelo aku oe i na mamo a Iseraela, penei, Oiaio, e malama ʻO koʻu mau Sābati (Shabbatotay  שַׁבְּתֹתַי), no ka mea, he hōʻailona ia ma waena oʻu a me ʻoukou i ko ʻoukou mau hanauna, i ʻike ai ʻoukou ʻo wau nō Iēhova ka mea nāna ʻoukou i hoʻāno. 14 No laila, e mālama ʻoukou i ka Sābati, no ka mea, he hoʻāno ia iā ʻoukou; ʻO ka mea hoʻohaumia ia mea, e make ʻiʻo nō ia; no ka mea, ʻo ka mea e hana i kekahi hana ma laila, e ʻoki ʻia aku ia mai waena aku o kona poʻe kānaka. 15 ʻEono lā e hana ʻia ai ka hana; aka, o ka hiku o ka la, he Sabati ia e hoomaha ai, (ubayom hashevi'i shabbat shabbaton וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן) hoano ia YHWH; ʻO ka mea hana i kekahi hana i ka lā Sābati, e make ʻiʻo nō ia. 16 No laila e mālama nā mamo a ʻIseraʻela i ka Sābati, e mālama i ka Sābati i ko lākou mau hanauna, i berita mau loa. 17 He hoailona mau loa ia mawaena o'u a me na mamo a Iseraela; no ka mea, i nā lā ʻeono i hana ai ʻo Iēhova i ka lani a me ka honua, a i ka hiku o ka lā, hoʻomaha ia (ubayom hasheviʻi shavat וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי, שָׁבַת) a hoʻomaha ihola.' {S}

E like me ka moʻolelo o Bereshit / Genesis e ʻōlelo ana ua hoʻomaha ʻo Elohim i ka hiku o ka lā a ʻo ia lā ʻo Shabbat ʻaʻole i helu ʻia mai ka mahina hou.

No laila he aha nā pilikia me ka Lunar Shabbat Calendar?

1. Hoʻoikaika ʻia e hoʻokomo i ka helu Omer a hui pū i nā helu ʻelua.
2. Hōʻike ʻo Exodus 12/Numbers 33 ʻaʻole ʻo ka lā 15 he Sābati. Ua hoʻouka ʻia nā ukana i ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ka lā 15.
3. Hōʻike ka moʻolelo Joshua 5 i ka lā 15 ma ka lā ʻApōpō ma hope o ka Sābati ʻaʻole ma ka Sābati.
4. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka mahina o ka pule hana a hiki i ka lā 4 akā ʻo ka Sābati ma ka lā ʻehiku.
5. ʻO ka helu ʻana i ka Sābati, nā lā waena, a me ka mahina hou e like me ka lā hoʻokahi e hōʻole i ka wehewehe ʻana o kahi lā ma Torah.
6. ʻO ka mahina hou i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no nā mōhai a hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi mau wānana ʻaʻole ia i kapa pololei ʻia he Sābati. Ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole ʻo Shabbatot nā lā hoʻāno puna ʻoiai he kapu kā lākou hana.
7.  ʻAʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka mahina hou ma ka Lev. 23 Koe nae o Ioma Terua.
8. ʻO ka mahina hou me ka Sābati ma ka lā 29 a me kekahi mau mahina a 30thshabbat e hana i kahi Shavua i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻehiku mau lā a ua uhaki i ka pilina sheva/shavua.

No laila he aha ka pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia manaʻo no kēia lā? Ua ʻike mākou e like me kā mākou heluhelu mua ʻana he hōʻailona ka Sābati no kona Lahui. Ma ka hahai ʻana i kēia manaʻo aʻu i hōʻike ai ua koi ʻia e hana a hoʻolōʻihi i ka palapala hemolele e kūlike me nā lula no nā manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia, ke uhaʻi nei ʻoe i ka Sābati a kau mai i ka hoʻopaʻi make ma luna ou a wehe i ka hōʻailona o ka lā Sābati mai ou aku.

Semot/Exodus 31:12-17

12 Olelo mai la o Iehova ia Mose, i mai la, 13 E olelo aku oe i na mamo a Iseraela, penei, Oiaio, e malama oukou i ko'u mau Sabati, no ka mea, he hoailona ia mawaena o'u a me oukou i ko oukou mau hanauna, i ike oukou. ʻO wau nō Iēhova nāna ʻoukou i hoʻāno. 14 No laila, e mālama ʻoukou i ka Sābati, no ka mea, he hoʻāno ia iā ʻoukou; ʻO ka mea hoʻohaumia ia mea, e make ʻiʻo nō ia; no ka mea, ʻo ka mea e hana i kekahi hana ma laila, e ʻoki ʻia aku ia mai waena aku o kona poʻe kānaka. 15 ʻEono lā e hana ʻia ai ka hana; aka, o ka hiku o ka la, he Sabati ia e hoomaha ai, (ubayom hashevi'i shabbat shabbaton וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתוֹן) hoano ia YHWH (; ʻO ka mea hana i kekahi hana i ka lā Sābati, e make ʻiʻo nō ia. 16 No laila e mālama nā mamo a ʻIseraʻela i ka Sābati, e mālama i ka Sābati i ko lākou mau hanauna, i berita mau loa. 17 He hoailona mau loa ia mawaena o'u a me na mamo a Iseraela; no ka mea, i nā lā ʻeono i hana ai ʻo Iēhova i ka lani a me ka honua, a i ka hiku o ka lā, hoʻomaha ia (ubayom hasheviʻi shavat וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי, שָׁבַת) a hoʻomaha ihola.'

Aia kahi ʻae like ʻole o ka poʻe Iudaio e mālama nei i ka lā ʻehiku no ka mea ʻike mākou ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻokuʻu iā ia ma Babulona no ka mea ua mālama lākou iā Sefer o Nehemia / Ezra. Ua ʻike mākou ua hōʻike ʻia iā lākou a ʻaʻohe lā i hāʻawi ʻia e like me ka lā hoʻomaka ma Shemot/Exodus 16 e kuhikuhi ai he pōʻai pili kēia i kahi Lunar Shabbat. Hōʻike ʻo Iosua 5 iā mākou ʻaʻole lākou i hahai i kēia kalena i loaʻa i ka wā kahiko.

Nechemia/Nehemia 13:

15 Ia mau la, ike aku la au ma Iuda i kekahi poe e hehi ana i na kaomi waina i ka la Sabati, a e lawe mai ana i na puu ai, a e hooili ana i na hoki me ia; a me ka waina, na huawaina, a me na fiku, a me na mea kaumaha a pau, a lakou i lawe mai ai i Ierusalema i ka la Sabati; a ua ao aku au ia lakou i ka la i kuai ai lakou i ka ai.

Maanei kakou e ike nei mahope o ka lawe pio ana, ua hoomau ka poe o Iuda i ka ike i ka la Sabati.

ʻO nā hōʻike hou aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻatikala encyclopedia i kumu e hōʻoia ai i ka mālama ʻana o nā Iudaio i ka mahina ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo honua akā ua hoʻomaka maoli ʻia e ka poʻe Assyriologists. Ma ka puke "The Jewish Festivals: From their beginnings to our own day" i kākau ʻia e Hayyim Schauss i kākau mua ʻia ma Yiddish ma lalo o ka Title "Dos Yom Tov Buch" ma 1933. Ua unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania i ka makahiki 1938. Aia iaʻu ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. mana ma kaʻu waihona. He aha ka mea nui e pili ana i kēia, ua kākau ʻia i ka wā pre-holocaust. No laila, hōʻike kēia i ka ʻike o nā Iudaio i kahi manawa ma mua o ka encyclopedia a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mea i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia i kēlā manawa.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mr. Schauss ma lalo o Shabbat in Ancient Times:

"He pohihihi ke kumu o ka Sābati, e like me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻahaʻaina ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia wale nō ka mea maopopo, ʻaʻole i puka mai ka Sābati Iudaio ma Babulona, ​​e like me ka ʻōlelo a kekahi poʻe ʻAsuria.

Ua ʻike mākou ma nā palapala a ko Babulona kahiko, ua ʻokoʻa kekahi mau lā o ka mahina a me nā lā ʻē aʻe o ka mahina. ʻO kēia ka lā ʻehiku, ʻumikumamāhā, ʻumikumamāiwa, iwakāluakumamākahi, iwakāluakumamāwalu o ka malama. Ua pili kēia mau lā i nā māhele o ka mahina a i ʻole ka helu kapu ʻehiku. Ua ʻokoʻa hoʻi ka lā ʻumikūmāiwa, no ka mea, hui pū ʻia me nā lā kanakolu o ka mahina i hala, he kanahākūmāiwa, ʻehiku ʻehiku. Ia mau la, ua oleloia ma ka palapala, aole e ai ke alii i ka io i kaluaia ma ka lanahu, aole hoi i ka ai i hoopa ia i ke ahi; ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻololi i kona ʻaʻahu, e holo ma ke kaʻa, a e kūkākūkā i nā mea pili i ke aupuni. ʻAʻole hoʻi e hōʻike ke kahuna i ka ʻōlelo ʻōlelo, ʻaʻole hoʻi e mālama nā kauka i ka poʻe maʻi.

ʻAʻole i kapa ʻia kēia mau lā he Sābati, ʻaʻole hoʻi i pili i ka Sābati Iudaio. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻaʻole lākou he mau lā hoʻomaha, akā he mau lā ma muli o kekahi mau manaʻoʻiʻo mua, ua manaʻo ʻia he pōʻino ka hana. ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻole i kauoha ʻia ka poʻe holoʻokoʻa e kiaʻi i ka hana ma ia mau lā, akā i kekahi poʻe wale nō - ke aliʻi, ke kahuna, ke kauka. ʻO ke kolu, ʻaʻole pili ka lā i ka hebedoma ʻehiku lā i holo i ka makahiki, e like me ka poʻe Iudaio; he mau la wale no keia o ka malama, aole na malama a pau, aka, no kekahi malama wale no." (Schauss, aoao 3-4)

Maanei mākou e ʻike ai i nā lā i hoʻoponopono ʻia a hoʻolaha ʻia e ka Lunar Shabbatarians ʻo ka ʻōnaehana ʻIseraʻela maoli ke hahai nei i kahi ʻōnaehana Babulona i hoʻololi ʻia e lilo ai lākou i poʻe hahai ma Babulona ma kahi o ka ʻIseraʻela. Kūkākūkā ʻo Mr. Schauss i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa i kapa ʻia no hea mai ʻo Shabattum (huaʻōlelo Babylonian ʻaʻole Hebera).

"I kēia Shabattum, ua nāwaliwali a kānalua ka pilina o ka Sābati Iudaio. No ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe ʻAsuria i ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo Shabattum, ʻaʻole mākou i maopopo i ka pilina ma waena o nā huaʻōlelo ʻelua, ʻoiai ke ʻano like o ke kani.

A laila hoʻi, ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike e pili ana ka Sābati Iudaio me ka mahina piha. ʻO ka hui pinepine ʻana o ka mahina hou a me ka lā Sābati i loko o ka Baibala, ʻaʻole ia he mea hōʻoia i ke ʻano o ka Shabbat i ka mahina piha. (Schauss, pg 4)

ʻO ka Shabattum he lā Babulona o ka mahina piha. No laila, ʻaʻohe pili i ka Sābati pule. He lā hoʻomanamana ka Shabattum a ʻo ka haʻi ʻana he pōʻino ia he hōʻailona ia ʻaʻole ia he lā hoʻomaha. Hōʻike ʻo Mr. Schauss i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa naʻauao i kona wā ma waena o nā haumāna Iudaio.

“No laila, ua māhele ʻia ka poʻe naʻauao i ke kumu o ka Sābati. Hoʻopaʻapaʻa kekahi hui ʻo ka Sābati ma mua, i waena o nā Iudaio, hoʻokahi lā o ka mahina, ʻo ka mahina piha, e like me ka Sabattum Babylonia. Mahope iho, haalele na Iudaio i ka malama ana i keia la, me ke kue i na mea e pili ana i ka hoomana i na hoku. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua hoʻokomo ka poʻe Iudaio i ka hebedoma ʻehiku lā, me ka lā ʻehiku i lā hoʻomaha, a hoʻololi ʻia a hiki i kēia lā i ka inoa Sābati.

Ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei ka lua o ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻaʻole i pili ka Sābati Iudaio me ka Shabattum Babylonia a me nā pae o ka mahina, akā, mai kinohi mai. Mai ka la mai o Mose, ua hookumuia i ka la hiku o ka hebedoma i la hoomaha.

ʻO ka poʻe ʻepekema hoʻi e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana ua pili mua ka Sābati i ka mahina piha, ʻo ka Sābati a mākou i ʻike ai, ʻo ka Sābati o nā manawa ma hope, ʻo ka lā ʻehiku o ka pule, he hana Iudaio maoli ia "(Schauss, pgs 4-5)

ʻIke mākou ma ʻaneʻi ʻaʻole pili ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa inā ʻo ka mahina hou ka hoʻomaka o ka pule akā ʻo ia ka mahina piha e like me Shabattum. Ua ʻae ka poʻe naʻauao a pau, ʻo ka hiku o ka lā Sābati he Iudaio. No laila, ma hea kahi e waiho ai i ka hihia o nā Sābati mahina. Haʻalele ia iā lākou me kahi kūlana ʻole i ka wā kahiko ua pili ka Sābati Iudaio i ka mahina hou.

The Jewish Encyclopedia of 1906 (http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/index.jsp) ke kūkākūkā pū nei hoʻi ʻo Shabattum a me Shabbat ma lalo o nā Analogies ʻAsuria. “Loaʻa i kēia pūnaewele nā ​​ʻike piha o ka 12-volume Encyclopedia Iudaio, i paʻi mua ʻia ma waena o 1901-1906. ʻO ka Jewish Encyclopedia, i lilo koke i ʻāpana o ka nā aupuni āpau, aia ma luna o 15,000 ʻatikala a me nā kiʻi kiʻi.

“ʻAsuria Analogues.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka mahina, ua lilo ka Sābati i lā hoʻomaha no ka poʻe hana a me nā holoholona ma ka mahiʻai (Deut. v. 14; Ex. xx. 10). Loaʻa naʻe nā meheu o ke kapu kahiko. Ma Amosa viii. 5 ʻO ka makaʻu i nā hopena ʻino ka mea e pale ai i ka poʻe kālepa hoʻomanawanui mai ka hana hewa ʻana. ʻO ka nui o nā mōhai (Isa. i. 8; Hosea ii. 11) i ka Sābati a me ka mahina hou e hōʻike ana i ka hopohopo i kēlā mau lā e hoʻomaha i ke akua. ʻO ka launa pū ʻana me ko ʻAsuro-Babulonia mai ka ʻewalu a i ke ono o ke kenekulia ma mua o ke kenekulia Kalikiano i hoʻōla hou i ka manaʻo kahiko o ka kapu. ʻO ka manaʻo i hōʻaiʻē ka poʻe Hebera i ke kula mai ko Babulona mai, ka mea i manaʻo mua ʻia e Lotz ("Quæstiones de Historia Sabbati"), ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae ʻia; akā, ua hoʻoikaika ka Exile i ka weliweli i mālama ʻia ai ka lā ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia. Ua lilo ia i hale hoʻonaʻauao maʻemaʻe, he lā hoʻomaha no ka poʻe mahiʻai, ua nalowale ka mea kapu i ka wā o ka manawa. Ua like paha nā lā o ko ʻAsuro-Babulonia i ka ʻaʻa ʻana a me ka kalahala ʻana (ka lā 7, 14, 19, 21, a me 28 o ka malama ʻo Elul), a ʻo ka launa pū ʻana me lākou ua lilo ia i mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka Sābati Iudaio. Me he mea lā e hōʻike ana ka kalena ʻAsuria i kahi hoʻāʻo e hoʻopau i ka Sābati hoʻoneʻe ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Inā ma hope o ka iwakāluakūmāwalu o ka lā e hoʻopili ʻia nā lā ʻelua e like me nā lā mahina hou, e lilo ka lā 19 i ka lā 49 mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahina e hiki mai ana, e like me ka ʻahaʻaina o nā pule, e pili ana i ka manaʻo ʻana i nā "Sabati piha" ("sheba' Shabbot temimot"; Lev. xxiii. 15) mea mahalo. Ma nā hanana a pau, ma ke Kumukānāwai, ua hōʻike ʻia ka uhaki ʻana i ka Sābati ma ke ʻano he make (Num. xv. 32-36). ʻO ka pāpā ʻana i ka hoʻā ʻana i ke ahi (Ex. xxxv. 3) e pili ana paha i ka hana ʻana i ke ahi ma ka lua ahi a i ʻole ma ka hamo ʻana i ʻelua lāʻau; oia ka hewa o ke kanaka i pepehiia e like me ka Num. xv. 32-36, ʻo ka "meḳoshesh" (e nānā hoʻi iā Beẓah iv. 7), ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nei ke ʻano o ke ahi, inā e hoʻoholo ka hoʻohālikelike me nā hana hoʻomana kiʻi ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi loa o ka mahalo ʻole i ke akua.

Akā ʻo nā ʻoihana Hebera e kūʻē pinepine i nā mea like i waena o ko ʻAsuro-Babulonia. ʻO ka hiku o nā lā i loko o ka hoʻolālā Babulona, ​​he mau lā hōʻino. Ua kau nui ka poe kaula o ka lawepio ana i ka la Sabati, he la olioli ia, e like me ko ka wa Asuria i ka lapuwale o na mohai kalaima (Isa. i.). ʻAʻole hiki i ka Priestly Code ke pale i kēia manaʻo. ʻO kāna mālama koʻikoʻi i ʻae ʻia i waena o ka poʻe "Nibdalim" (ka Separatists; e nānā iā Neh. x. 31). Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻahaʻaina ma ka papahana Baibala me kahi hanana mōʻaukala. Ka pili ana o ka la Sabati me ka puka ana, ma Deut. v. 14-15, ua pohihihi loa; a no ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi pilina paʻa loa i kahi hanana i ka moʻolelo o ka ʻIseraʻela ua haʻi ʻia ka Sābati he mea nui ma ka wao nahele i ka wā i hāʻule ai ka mane (Ex. xvi. 27 et seq.). Hāʻawi ka Decalogue of Exodus i ke kumu hoʻomana no ka mālama ʻana i ka lā; ʻO kāna mau huaʻōlelo e hōʻike ana i ka Gen. ii. 1 a pela aku. ʻO nā mea ʻelua - ʻo kēia wehewehe a me ka moʻolelo ma Genesis - aia kekahi o nā mea hou loa i ka Pentateuch. (http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=13&letter=S&search=shabattum#62#ixzz18TAMRGTE)

Ma ʻaneʻi ke ʻike nei mākou ʻoiai ke hana ʻia nei nā kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka pilina o ka mahina hou me ka Sābati, ʻaʻohe mea hōʻoia o nā kumu kahiko no ka mahina hou e hoʻomaka ana i ka helu ʻana o ka Sābati pule. Eia hou, ua maopopo ka ʻōlelo i hōʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka 7 ma nā ʻāpana o ka mahina ʻo Babylonia kona kumu. Ua ʻae ʻia ʻoiai ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ko lākou manaʻo, ua hoʻopio ʻia ka Sābati.

He ʻōnaehana i hana ʻia e nā Helene

I kaʻu ʻimi ʻana i nā hōʻoia hou aʻe i ke kumu o kēia manaʻo a loaʻa iā Solomona Gandz kahi ʻatikala naʻauao i kapa ʻia ʻo "The Calendar-Reform of Pletho (c. 1355 - c. 1450) : Its Significance and Its Place in the History of the Calendar. Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ma Osiris, Vol. 9. (1950), pp. 199-210.  http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0369-7827%281950%291%3A9%3C199%3ATCOP%281%3E2.0,CO%3B2-3

"E pili ana i ka papahana o kāna kalena, ʻaʻole ʻo Pletho e hoʻohauʻoli iā mākou ma ke ʻano he mea mahalo makapō i ka wā i hala a he mea hoʻohālike ʻole i kāna mau mea kahiko, akā ma ke ʻano he mea manaʻo noʻonoʻo nona iho. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia iā mākou ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoponopono i kamaʻāina maikaʻi i nā hemahema o nā kalena o kona manawa a no laila e hoʻolauna mai i kahi ʻōnaehana helu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa, ʻoi aku ka pololei, ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo, a me ke ʻano maoli. (Pg 200, Gandz)

Maanei mākou e ʻike ai ʻo kāna pahuhopu ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kalena maikaʻi aʻe. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka kalena helu Julian a me ka Iudaio o kona mau lā. ʻO kāna pahuhopu ka hana ʻana i kahi kalena Lunar Solar kūpono. Ua aʻo ʻo ia ma lalo o Elisaeus he Iudaio kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ke alo o MURAD I, ma Brusa a i ʻole Adrianople. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia i nā palapala a Maimonides a me kāna kuʻikahi ma ka "The Sanctification of the New Moon". E like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma lalo o kāna a me Maimonides e hoʻomaka like.

Heluhelu ʻia nā kuʻikahi Maimonidies: 'ʻO nā mahina o ka makahiki ka mahina o ka mahina…; aka, ua heluia na makahiki e like me ka la. Ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hoʻomaka ʻo Pletho i kāna kiʻi me nā huaʻōlelo: “[Ua kuhikuhi mākou] i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahina maoli a me ka makahiki, e helu ana i ka mahina e like me ka mahina a me ka makahiki e like me ka lā' (pg. 202, Gandz)

Ua kamaʻāina nō hoʻi ʻo Pletho i ka poʻe naʻauao Karaite o kona mau lā a ʻoiaʻiʻo ua ʻike ʻia ua hahai nā Karaites i ka ʻike empirical o ka mahina hou. I kēia manawa ua hoʻohana piha ʻia ka kalena Rabbinical 19 makahiki a hoʻolaha ʻia e nā Rabi a me kā lākou poʻe hahai.

“Ma muli o ka moʻomeheu Helene kahiko, ua kuhikuhi ʻo Pletho i ka nānā ʻana i ʻelua mau lā o ka mahina hou: ʻo ka lā o ka hui ʻana i kapa ʻia ʻo Hene kai nea, 'ka lā o ka mahina kahiko a me ka mahina hou' a aia nō i ka mahina kahiko; ʻO kekahi, i kapa ʻia ʻo noumenia, 'ka lā o ka mahina hou,' ua helu ʻia ʻo ia ka lā mua o ka mahina hou. (ʻaoʻao 202, Gandz)

Maanei mākou e ʻike ai i ke kumu o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā lā hou o ka hopena o ka mahina ma ke ʻano he hui. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka mahina hou e like me ka nānā ʻana no nā Helene a me nā Iudaio.

"I ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahina ʻelua mau ala e hahai ai. ʻO ke ala kahiko a me ka primitive ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mahina me ka phasis, ka ʻike hou ʻana o ka crescent hou; ʻo kēia ke ʻano empirical ma muli o ka nānā ʻana. ʻO ke ala ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma hope, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mahina ma ka lā o ka hui ʻana o ka lā a me ka mahina, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ma ka helu hoku; nolaila ua kapaia ke ano o ka helu. Ua hahai nā Helene kahiko i ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana, e like me nā Iudaio kahiko. (ʻaoʻao 206, Gandz)

Akaka, mai nā ʻano kahiko ka helu ʻana i ka mahina hou no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kalena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻAʻole maopopo ka maikaʻi e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai ma kaʻu mau haʻawina ʻē aʻe. No laila pehea ka lā Sābati?

"ʻO ke kumu o ka hana hou ʻole a Pletho e koi ana i ka nānā ʻana i ʻelua mau lā hoʻomaha mahina ma ka hopena o ka mahina hollow a ʻekolu lā ma ka hopena o ka mahina piha, ʻaʻole ia he makemake e hoʻohālike i nā kuʻuna Iudaio, akā ʻokoʻa loa ua hoʻoikaika ʻia e ia. kona makemake e hoololi a hoololi i ka la Sabati Iudaio. Ua makemake ʻo Pletho e mālama i ka Sābati Judeo-Christain ma ke ʻano he lā hoʻomaha, akā e like me kāna ʻano nui o kahi kalena kūlohelohe, makemake ʻo ia e loaʻa kahi kūlohelohe, a i ʻole lunar, lā Sābati, i pili i nā māhele ʻehā o ka mahina, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mahina hou a piha, a hāʻule ka hapaha mua a me ke kolu i ka lā 8 a me 22 o ka mahina.  Aole i ikeia ka pule Iudaio i ka wa kahiko; ʻaʻole ia he ʻano kūlohelohe akā hana ʻia o ka manawa. (ʻaoʻao 208, Gandz)

Ua heluhelu ʻoe i kēia? ʻAʻole hiki mai ka pule o nā lā ʻehiku. Ua hoʻolālā ʻo Elohim no kāna kumu ponoʻī a e hōʻike ana i ka pule o ka hana ʻana. He nui ka poʻe e hōʻole i kēia no ka mea ʻike lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona ma ka kikokikona Hebera. Hōʻole lākou i ka hōʻoia a ʻōlelo lākou ʻaʻole helu. He Iudaio kū hoʻokahi ka Shavuʻa a me Shabbat a ʻaʻole he huahana o nā ʻōnaehana kalena ʻē aʻe.

“Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻōlelo ʻana o ka Sābati, he kipi i ka Lā a me ka mahina, e hōʻole ana i ko lākou ʻano o ka manawa a e hahai ana i kāna kauoha ponoʻī e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka mahina, a me ka makahiki; ʻaʻole hoʻi ka pepeiao a me ka mu o ka pule. No laila, ʻaʻohe wahi no ia mea ma ka kalena a Pletho. Aole nae i hoopau o Pleto i ka la Sabati; kaohi wale no oia i na kanawai o ka Mahina; ua hoohuli ikaika oia ia ia i ka hoomanamana. Ua loaa ia ia na la Sabati mahina eha o ka malama. Hoʻokahi lā i koe i ka mahina hoʻomaha, ka lā 29, a me ʻelua lā o ka malama piha, ʻo ka lā 29 a me 30, ka mea i hoʻopau i ka pōʻai o ka Sābati mahina. He mau lā hakahaka a epagomenal paha i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau lā hoʻomaha liʻiliʻi ma ko lākou inoa, 'ka lā o ka mahina kahiko' a me 'ka lā o ka mahina kahiko a me ka mahina hou,' kahi pilina pili me ka mahina. (ʻaoʻao 208, Gandz)

Akaka, pili loa ka alemanaka Lunar Solar o Pletho me kona mau Shabbat Lunar i ka poe e malama ana i ka alemanaka Lunar Shabbat i keia la. ʻAʻole hiki ke helu ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he coincidence wale nō ʻoiai ʻo kona makemake e hoʻololi i ka Sābati Iudaio. ʻO nā lā hopena o kēlā me kēia mahina i mālama ʻia e like me nā lā lōʻihi he pāʻani ia no nā mahina o Pletho a mālama ʻia e like me nā lā hoʻomaha liʻiliʻi.

I ka hopena, ua nānā au i kēia kumumanaʻo e ʻōlelo ana i ke kumu kahiko a loaʻa iā ia he ʻōnaehana Babylonia i hoʻololi ʻia ʻaʻole pili i ka Sābati pule ma muli o ka pule ʻehiku lā. No ka hana ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana, ʻaʻole pono e helu i ka lā New Moon a hoʻololi i ka Babylonia 7,14, 21, 28 i 8, 15, 22, 29 a i ʻole e hahai i ke ʻano Helene aʻu i hōʻike ai e Pletho. No laila, e hana ana i kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā lā e pili ana i ka lā 15 ma ke ʻano he Sābati kahi e hoʻomaka ai ʻo Chagim Matzot a me Sukkot. No laila, e hana i kēia e ho'āʻo e hāʻawi i ka hilinaʻi i ia ʻōnaehana. ʻIke loa, ʻaʻole kēia ʻōnaehana i nā lula i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Hebera no kahi lā a me ka helu ʻana o nā pule no Shavuot. Ua hōʻike pū wau i ʻelua mau kumu mua i ka ʻōlelo encyclopedia a lākou e hoʻohana ai i ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi kalena Solar Lunar i kapa ʻia no nā pule. Ke nānā aku nei ka ʻōnaehana Pletho i kahi kokoke loa i ka hana hou o kēia wā. No laila, ʻaʻole au i ʻike i nā hōʻike koʻikoʻi e hōʻike ana i ka mea kahiko i kēia manaʻo a ʻaʻole hoʻi au i ʻike i ke kākoʻo maoli no kēia ma ka Tanakh.